Life on Venus. Terraforming Venus. Modern conditions on Venus. Is there life on Venus? Rotation around its own axis

Venus is a hot planet and organic life on its surface is impossible. Venusians live in the Subtle World of the planet. There, in the Subtle World of Venus, there are no animals, no, also insects. But there are birds and fish of indescribable colors. There are no insects or predators on Venus at all. There is a real kingdom of flights there. Birds fly, people fly, and even fish. Moreover, birds understand human speech.

Humanity of Venus belongs to the seventh circle of evolution, that is, it is three circles ahead of earthlings (about 2 million years of evolution). People's bodies are astral. There are eight races, the leading one being the Hathors. Outwardly they look like earthlings. The height of men is up to 6 m, women are slightly smaller. Large blue eyes, their ears are a very important organ, they are like the fins of fish. Nutrition comes through the sense of smell - the smells of flowers, stems, and roots of plants are inhaled. In this regard, a lot of breeding work is being carried out on plants. Children are not born from the mother's body, but next to her in the crib. The born baby corresponds in development to an earthly seven-year-old child. The time will come and earthly women will create children just like Venusians. People die there too. In the process, their bodies disintegrate into the air. The Hathors live for about 25,000 years, after which they fly to a more developed planet, most often to the planets of Sirius.

There has been a Community on Venus for a long time. Lies have been eliminated, and accordingly there are no many monitoring and security services. There are no locks, bars or prisons. There is nothing secret, because all thoughts are easily read from each other. Therefore, there is no need to voice words, and conversations are conducted mentally. They use the sound they make to perform physical work, heal, and drive vehicles. Research work is underway to master the subtlest cosmic energies. There is no radio, television or other similar technology on the planet - everything necessary is perceived directly by a person’s senses and moves by the power of his thoughts.

(based on materials from T. Mironenko)

Venus is a hot, gaseous, toxic planet at third and fourth density levels, but in fifth and sixth density one can find an abundance of majestic cities of Light with beautiful crystalline architecture and indescribably colorful gardens, fountains and squares.

Venus has two levels of vibration - the fifth and sixth, ascended masters call it a "transfer station." This is because it contains a "step down" portal allowing beings from the ascended realms (seventh density and higher) to communicate and interact with souls on Earth who have achieved fourth density composite vibration and fifth density consciousness.

It is usually quite difficult for a seventh density ascended being to descend three levels in order to interact with a fourth density soul on Earth. To make themselves more accessible, higher beings use a way station to temporarily lower frequencies before attempting telepathic contact with their channels. A few souls on Earth have evolved to the point where this is not necessary, but the portal is still heavily used to make the experience flow much more easily.

Souls growing and evolving on Venus reside in fifth-density crystalline bodies and sixth-density radiant causal bodies. You can visit them in your dreams or in meditation. The first spiritual mentor of the channel - Leah - lives in the sixth density of Venus.

Venusian social systems and cultures gravitate toward creativity, art, music, dance, and other “right-brain” activities. Science is important, but not predominant. Much of the activity of the Venusian society is centered on the support of the mystery schools and temples of Light scattered throughout the planet. They train souls before incarnating on Earth, orient souls who have recently ascended spiritually or physically in crystalline bodies of light. The latter function is a recent one as few people achieved physical ascension prior to the portal shifts on Earth.

There are no wars, poverty, or social or economic inequality on Venus. Education is the highest priority for all children. Fifth density children are conceived and born a little differently than third and fourth density children. Sixth density children "manifest" through energetic fusion between sixth density couples, rather than through incarnation through the birth canal.

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The more new things we learn about Venus, the more new problems arise. Here is one of them: how to explain such a significant difference in the chemical composition of the atmospheres of neighboring planets - Earth and Venus?

Millions of years ago, the atmosphere of our planet was also abundantly saturated with carbon dioxide released from the bowels of the earth during volcanic eruptions. But with the appearance of plants on Earth, carbon dioxide became more and more bound up, as it was used to form plant mass. The high content of free carbon dioxide in the atmosphere of Venus apparently indicates that there has never been organic life there, similar to that on Earth. Consequently, the abundance of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere of a neighboring planet is a completely natural phenomenon. And the fact that Venus has very high temperatures is also not an accident.

The excessively high temperature on the planet is explained by the so-called greenhouse effect. The physical essence of this phenomenon is that the surface of Venus, heated by the sun's rays, releases energy in the infrared (thermal) range. But the dense carbon dioxide atmosphere of Venus, with a small admixture of water vapor, is almost completely opaque to infrared rays. As a result, excess heat accumulates - a greenhouse effect is created, as a result of which the surface of the planet and the adjacent atmosphere heat up.

The high temperature also caused other features of the unusual world of Venus. As is known, at a temperature of 374 °C, water enters a so-called critical state, when it completely turns into steam, regardless of the atmospheric pressure. Consequently, open bodies of water on Venus could only be located at high latitudes (not lower than 60 parallels), where the temperature does not reach a critical value. Therefore, it could be assumed that the polar “caps” of Venus, unlike those on Earth and Mars, are... hot seas! From the rest of the very hot Venusian surface, the water would certainly evaporate.

It has now been precisely established that there are no water pools on Venus. And there is too little water vapor in the planet’s atmosphere. The question arises: where did the water disappear? What is the reason for such severe dehydration of the Venusian atmosphere?

Academician Alexander Pavlovich Vinogradov explained the disappearance of water from the atmosphere of Venus by an enhanced (due to the planet’s proximity to the Sun) photochemical process. As a result, the evaporated water decomposed into its constituent elements: oxygen and hydrogen. Oxygen oxidized rocks, and light hydrogen atoms evaporated from the atmosphere into interplanetary space. Moreover, the dispersion of hydrogen on Venus is favored by slightly lower gravity and high temperature than on Earth. All this was bound to inevitably lead the planet to “drying out.”

And yet, the decomposition of water vapor under the influence of solar ultraviolet radiation could not lead to such a strong drying of the Venusian atmosphere. Whatever you say, the question of the disappearance of water on Venus remains a big mystery for us.
Venus's lack of a noticeable magnetic field of its own is entirely consistent with its very slow rotation. Even if Venus's core is similar to the Earth's core, the planet's rotation speed is too low for internal currents capable of generating a magnetic field to arise in its core.

The structure of the interior of Venus is apparently similar to the structure of the Earth. But the power of the heat flow coming from the depths of Venus corresponds approximately to the values ​​​​noted on Earth in volcanic areas.

A comparison of Venus with Earth would be incomplete if we did not touch upon the possibility of life on this neighboring planet. The biggest obstacle to life on Venus is the extremely high temperature. And atmospheric pressure cannot be discounted. It's easy to say, living beings located on the Venusian surface must constantly experience 90 atmospheres! Not every deep-sea bathyscaphe is in such difficult conditions as everything that can be at the bottom of the air ocean of Venus, consisting of compressed carbon dioxide. The English scientist Bernard Lovell characterizes the natural conditions of the planet this way: “On Venus, aliens will find a hot, poisonous and inhospitable environment.”

And yet we have no right to completely exclude the possibility of life on this planet. It is known that with distance from the surface of Venus, atmospheric pressure drops and temperature decreases, decreasing by about 8 °C with each kilometer of altitude. Thus, at the main peak of the Maxwell Mountains the temperature should be almost 100 °C lower than at the foot. However, even here it continues to remain high and amounts to about 300 °C.

Until recently, it was believed that at such a temperature life, even the simplest, becomes completely impossible. But let’s not rush to such a categorical conclusion. Let us at least remember that hot springs with a temperature of 300 °C were discovered at the bottom of the Pacific Ocean in the Galapagos Islands. And what is surprising: living microorganisms were found in these sources. Why not admit that life in its most primitive form may even exist on Venus? Of course, not on the hot surface of the planet, but in those layers of the Venusian atmosphere where physical conditions are close to those on Earth, that is, where the temperature is +20 "C at a pressure of 1 atmosphere. On Venus, such conditions developed somewhere at an altitude of about 50 km above the surface of the planet. But how to get rid of excess carbon dioxide and enrich the Venusian atmosphere with oxygen? How to eliminate the greenhouse effect?

American astronomer Carl Sagan (1934-1996) believed that a radical restructuring of the atmosphere of Venus and ridding the planet of the greenhouse effect is a very real thing. To do this, only one thing is required: to establish photosynthesis. And in the atmosphere of Venus there is everything necessary for the production of photosynthesis on the widest scale: carbon dioxide, water vapor, sunlight. Therefore, the scientist proposed to throw a rapidly reproducing algae, chlorella, into the upper, relatively cool layers of the Venusian atmosphere using spacecraft. It will clear the atmosphere of excess carbon dioxide and replenish it with oxygen. Deprived of carbon dioxide, the atmosphere will no longer be a trap for solar energy. When the greenhouse effect weakens, the temperature decreases, water vapor condenses into water, which spills abundantly onto the cooling surface of the planet. This will further reduce the greenhouse effect, and then conditions favorable for the development of flora and fauna will appear on Venus. Over time, the climate of the inhospitable planet will change so much that it may become suitable for human habitation.

This is part two of Space.com's 12-part series, "Life on Other Planets: What Would It Be Like?"

With its dehydrated, red-orange landscape and surface temperatures hot enough to melt lead, Venus is our solar system's equivalent of hell.

It is currently beyond our technological capabilities to prepare a suitable basis for life on Venus, but this is what life would be like if we could still live there...

Venus is often perceived as our Earth's twin sister because the size and composition of the two planets are similar. That's why NASA, ESA, Soviet Cosmonautics and others have sent numerous spacecraft since the 1960s to explore the second planet from the Sun.

In the early 1990s, NASA's Magellan spacecraft entered an elongated polar orbit around Venus. Using radar, he managed to map 98% of the planet's surface (it was not possible to see the entire surface due to its thick cloudiness). After this, Venus was forgotten until 2005, when EKA launched its Venus Express spacecraft to study the planet's atmosphere.

“The surface of Venus is very different from other planets in our solar system,” said Venus Express project scientist Håkan Svedhem. Radar images from Magellan showed that the surface of Venus is decorated with mountains, craters, thousands of volcanoes, some much larger than Earth's, lava channels up to 5 kilometers long, ring-like structures called coronas, and strange, warped terrain called mosaics .

However, Venus has plains that cover 2/3 of the planet. These plains might have been a better place to set up a base for life.

Walking on Venus would not be a pleasant experience. The planet's surface is completely dry because the planet is suffering from a runaway greenhouse effect. Thus, its broad atmosphere is filled with heat-trapping carbon dioxide, which keeps the planet's temperature constant at about 465 degrees Celsius.

Venus's gravity is almost 91% of Earth's, so you might jump a little higher and objects would appear a little lighter than on Earth. "You probably wouldn't notice a difference in gravity, but what you would notice is a dense atmosphere," Swedham said. “The air is so thick that if you tried to move your hands quickly, you would feel resistance. It would be like being in water."

Likewise, it would be difficult to miss a change in atmospheric pressure. On Earth at sea level, the air presses on our bodies with a force of 14.5 pounds per square inch, or 1 bar, while the pressure on the surface of Venus is 92 bars. To experience such pressure on Earth, you need to descend into the ocean to a depth of 914 meters.

Venus revolves around the Sun for 225 Earth days, and rotates on its axis for 243 Earth days. "But the time from one noon to the next is 117 Earth days because Venus rotates in the opposite direction," Swedham said. This reverse rotation means that the sun rises in the west and sets in the east.

“On Earth we see blue skies, the sky on Venus always appears reddish-orange due to the ability of carbon dioxide molecules to scatter sunlight. You wouldn't see the sun as a separate object in this sky, but rather a yellowish hue behind thick clouds, and the night sky would be a starless black,” Swedham said.

High in the atmosphere of Venus, winds reach speeds of 400 km/h - faster than tornadoes and hurricane-force winds on Earth. But on the surface of the planet the wind speed is only 3 km/h. And although there is lightning on the planet, the blinding flashes never reach the surface. In addition, the very high temperature prevents any rainfall from touching the Venusian land.

Unlike Earth, there are no earthquakes on Venus; its tectonic plates are not active enough and do not remove heat from the surface. The high temperature remains at a critical level for millions of years, and then is suddenly released by some mechanism, large-scale volcanic activity that changes the surface of the planet.

But if you decide to complain to your friends that lava has destroyed your yard, don’t expect a quick response. Your message will travel to Earth in a few minutes, at a time when the planets are at their shortest distance from each other. When Venus is on the other side of the Sun from Earth, your message will take almost 15 minutes to get home.

In the search for extraterrestrial life, scientists have considered many different options. For example, Mars has geological features that suggest it once had liquid water, one of the basic conditions for life.

Scientists are also studying Saturn's moons Titan and Enceladus, and Jupiter's moons Europa, Ganymede and Callisto as possible harbors for life in icy oceans.

Now, scientists have returned to an old idea that promises a new perspective in the search for life beyond Earth: life on Venus, or more precisely in the clouds of Venus.

In a paper published March 30 in the journal Astrobiology, an international team of researchers led by planetary scientist Sanjay Limaye of the University of Wisconsin examines Venus' atmosphere as a possible habitat for extraterrestrial microbial life.

"Venus has had plenty of time to evolve life on its own," Limay explains, noting that some models suggest Venus once had suitable climate conditions and liquid water on its surface for 2 billion years. "It's much longer than on Mars."

On Earth, terrestrial microorganisms, mainly bacteria, can enter the atmosphere, where they have been found alive at altitudes of up to 41 kilometers by scientists using specially equipped balloons from NASA's Ames Research Center, according to study co-author David Smith.

There is also a growing catalog of microbes that are known to live in incredibly harsh environments on our planet, including the hot springs of Yellowstone, deep-sea hydrothermal vents, and the toxic sludge of polluted areas and lakes around the world.

“On Earth, we know that life can thrive in very complex environments, can feed on carbon dioxide and produce sulfuric acid,” says Rakesh Mogul, a professor of biological chemistry at California State Polytechnic University. He notes that the cloudy, very dense and acidic atmosphere of Venus consists mainly of carbon dioxide and water droplets containing sulfuric acid.

The idea of ​​possible life in the clouds of Venus was first raised in 1967 by biophysicist Harold Morowitz and famous astronomer Carl Sagan. Decades later, planetary scientists David Grinspoon, Mark Bullock and their colleagues expanded on this idea.

Supporting the view that the atmosphere of Venus may be a suitable niche for life, a series of space probes on the planet launched between 1962 and 1978 showed that temperature and pressure conditions in the lower and middle parts of the Venusian atmosphere between 40 and 60 kilometers - would not interfere with microbial life.

It is known that the surface conditions on the planet are very inhospitable - temperatures reach 460 degrees Celsius and pressure 90 atmospheres.

Sanjay Limaye, who conducts his research as a NASA scientist on the Japanese Aerospace Exploration Agency's Akatsuki mission to Venus, wanted to revisit the idea of ​​studying the planet's atmosphere after a chance meeting at a seminar with paper co-author Grzegorz Slowik of Poland's University of Zielona Gora.

Slovik told him about bacteria on Earth with light-absorbing properties similar to those unidentified particles that make up the unexplained dark spots seen in the clouds of Venus. Spectroscopic observations, especially in ultraviolet light, indicate that the dark spots are composed of concentrated sulfuric acid and other unknown light-absorbing particles.

These dark spots have been a mystery since they were first discovered by ground-based telescopes nearly a century ago, Limaye says. They were studied in more detail during the flights of automatic probes to the planet.

“Venus shows some occasional dark, sulfur-rich patches, with contrasts of up to 30-40 percent in ultraviolet and muted in longer wavelengths of light. These spots persist for several days, constantly changing their shape and size,” says Limaye.

The particles that make up the dark spots are almost the same size as some bacteria on Earth, although the instruments that have studied Venus' atmosphere to date cannot distinguish between organic and inorganic materials.

The spots could be something similar to the algae blooms that typically occur in Earth's lakes and oceans - only they would develop in Venus' atmosphere.

Venus Atmospheric Maneuverable Platform (VAMP).
Image: Northrop Grumman

In the hunt for extraterrestrial life, planetary atmospheres other than Earth remain largely unexplored.

One opportunity for studying Venus's clouds, Limaye says, is on the drawing board: VAMP, or Venus Atmospheric Maneuverable Platform, a craft that flies like an airplane but floats like an airship and can stay aloft in the planet's cloud layer for up to a year to collect data and samples.

Such a platform could include meteorological, chemical sensors and spectrometers, Limay says. She can also carry a special type of microscope that can identify living microorganisms.

“To really know, we need to study the clouds in situ,” the scientists say. "Venus could be an exciting new chapter in the exploration of extraterrestrial life."

Scientists remain hopeful that such a chapter can be opened, as there are currently discussions about NASA's possible participation in the Russian Roscosmos Venera-D mission, which is scheduled for the late 2020s. Current plans for Venera-D could include an orbiter, landing pad and ground station built by NASA, as well as a maneuverable aerial platform.

More information: Sanjay S. Limaye et al. Venus’ Spectral Signatures and the Potential for Life in the Clouds, Astrobiology (2018). DOI: 10.1089/ast.2017.1783

Many researchers claim that life once existed on Venus - but as a result of natural or cosmic disasters, extremely high temperatures on the surface of the planet destroyed all or almost all plants and organisms. Scientists are asking questions: what could have happened? And doesn’t a similar fate await our Earth?

Sister of the Earth

What do we even know about Venus? A lot - and almost nothing.

After 1983, no spacecraft were landed on the surface of Venus (several American spacecraft flew past it on their way to Jupiter, Saturn and Mercury and transmitted data clarifying the composition of the atmosphere). But the study of the second planet from the Sun did not stop. Rather, on the contrary - quite recently, Russian scientists confirmed that they have been actively working for 30 years, systematizing all the data received.

In 2012, the chief researcher at the Space Research Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Leonid Ksanfomality, stated that life exists not only in the atmosphere, but also on the surface of Venus! This conclusion can be made after many years of studying images transmitted by landers in 1975 and 1982. They were processed using the latest equipment, removing all possible interference.

According to Leonid Ksanfomality, the objects “disk”, “scorpion”, “black flap”, “owl” and others are living creatures that, due to the landing of the module, left their habitat and then returned back. Not all experts agree with this hypothesis, but no one has yet proposed any other logical explanations (other than interference or equipment failure). The flight of the Russian Venera-D spacecraft, scheduled for launch in 2026, will help clarify the question of the presence of life on this planet. The wait for the grand opening won't be long.