Age: Preschool 5-7 years old, Ready for school.

Question: readiness to learn.

Goal: Determining the child’s level of readiness for schooling. The test reveals general level mental development, level of development of thinking, ability to listen, remember and understand, perform tasks according to the model.

a) test “Drawing of a man” (male figure);

b) copying a phrase from written letters;

c) drawing points;

d) questionnaire.

Short story

This test was proposed by J. Jirasek as a modification and update of the existing A. Kern technique and received the combined name “Updated Kern-Jirasek test”.

In 1978, the Kern-Jirasek graphic test was first published in Russian, but it was widely used only 6-10 years later. The exceptional simplicity of testing and maximum accessibility have made it a favorite tool not only among psychologists, but also among teachers and even kindergarten teachers.

Some would-be specialists very freely interpreted the results of the examination, labeling children who did not score the required number of points as “underachieving”, “lagging behind”, and even used stronger expressions that put an end to the child who was “unlucky” to perform the test well. Meanwhile, J. Jirasek warned against such an interpretation; he provided the technique with very clear instructions and gave precise explanations for the interpretation (see part 2).

What does the Kern-Jirasek test tell you and who is it for?

This technique designed for 5-7 year old children, its purpose is to test their readiness for schooling. This includes assessing the child’s personal maturity (task 1), his fine motor skills hands and visual coordination (task 2), the test also allows you to identify the visual-spatial perception of the future first-grader, visual memory (task 3) and thinking (based on the overall assessment of the entire test).

The test can be used individually or in a group.

Methodology

The child is given an A4 sheet folded in half and a simple pencil. The sheet should lie like a notebook. On the unfolded side (on the left half of the sheet) at the top, write a short sentence in advance in written (NOT printed!) letters: He ate soup.

Below you draw a group of points as shown in Fig. The right half of the sheet is for the child who will complete the drawing task.

He should sit in a way that is comfortable for him, so that the table and chair take into account his height.

When everything is ready, sit the child down, place a folded sheet of paper in front of him, give him the first task and wait for him to complete it. Then ask him to unfold the sheet for the second task, etc.

1. Draw a man. Because you know how (we don’t say anything else and in response to all the child’s remarks we repeat the instructions without our explanation). If he asks if you can draw a woman, say: “You need to draw a man.” If the child has already started drawing a woman, wait until he finishes and repeat the request to draw a man. It happens that a child refuses to draw a man (later I will explain why this could be). Then we do the next task.

2. The child turns the sheet over and sees a sentence at the top left. You say: “Look, there’s something written here. You don’t know how to write yet, but try, maybe you can do the same. Look carefully and write the same thing here in the empty space.” Those. we invite him to copy the phrase. If your child already knows how to read written text, write any phrase in another language unknown to him, for example, in English: He eats soup.

3. It then moves on to a group of points. You say: “Look, there are dots drawn here. Try to draw the same thing here, next to me.” You can use your finger to show the place where he will draw them.

After finishing the test, do not forget to praise your child.

If in the first task the child flatly refuses to draw a man, do not insist - this is food for thought. Such a refusal may indicate trouble in the child’s family, when the father is absent altogether, a threat comes from him, or traumatic experiences are associated with him.

Regarding the interpretation, J. Jirasek noted that high quality of performance indicates a greater likelihood that the subject will successfully cope with school curriculum. However, if he did poorly on the test, this does NOT mean that at school he will become a poor student and an ignoramus. Not at all. And such children study well. It just happens that a child sketches a person, which affects the total score.

So if you don’t get the scores you would like, think about whether you are doing everything for your child’s development? Show him more attention, engage him more often in all the games and exercises that develop fine motor skills, memory and thinking.

SO, WE CARRY OUT ALL FOUR PARTS OF THE KERN-JIRASEK TEST:

a) Test “Drawing of a Person”(very important!) - applied in all CIS schools:

Exercise

“Here (shown where) draw some guy as best you can.” While drawing, it is unacceptable to correct the child (“you forgot to draw the ears”), the adult silently observes.

Assessment

1 point: a male figure is drawn (elements of men’s clothing), there is a head, torso, limbs; the head and body are connected by the neck, it should not be larger than the body; the head is smaller than the body; on the head – hair, possibly a headdress, ears; on the face - eyes, nose, mouth; the hands have hands with five fingers; legs are bent (there is a foot or shoe); the figure is drawn in a synthetic way (the outline is solid, the legs and arms seem to grow from the body, and are not attached to it.

2 points: fulfillment of all requirements, except for the synthetic method of drawing, or if there is a synthetic method, but 3 details are not drawn: neck, hair, fingers; the face is completely drawn.

3 points: the figure has a head, torso, limbs (arms and legs are drawn with two lines); may be missing: neck, ears, hair, clothing, fingers, feet.

4 points: a primitive drawing with a head and torso, arms and legs are not drawn, can be in the form of one line.

5 points: lack of a clear image of the torso, no limbs; scribble.

b) Copying a phrase from written letters

Exercise

“Look, there's something written here. Try to rewrite the same here (show below the written phrase) as best you can.”

On a sheet of paper, write the phrase in capital letters, the first letter being capital: He ate soup.

Assessment

1 point: the sample is well and completely copied; letters may be slightly larger than the sample, but not 2 times; the first letter is capital; the phrase consists of three words, their location on the sheet is horizontal (a slight deviation from horizontal is possible).

2 points: the sample is copied legibly; the size of the letters and horizontal position are not taken into account (the letter may be larger, the line may go up or down).

3 points: the inscription is divided into three parts, you can understand at least 4 letters.

4 points: at least 2 letters match the sample, the line is visible.

5 points: illegible scribbles, scribbling.

c) Drawing points

“There are dots drawn here. Try to draw the same ones next to each other.”

In the sample, 10 points are located at an even distance from each other vertically and horizontally.

Assessment

1 point: exact copying of the sample, small deviations from the line or column are allowed, reduction of the picture, enlargement is unacceptable.

2 points: the number and location of points correspond to the sample, deviation of up to three points by half the distance between them is allowed; dots can be replaced by circles.

3 points: the drawing as a whole corresponds to the sample, and does not exceed it in height or width by more than 2 times; the number of points may not correspond to the sample, but there should not be more than 20 and less than 7; We can rotate the drawing even 180 degrees.

4 points: the drawing consists of dots, but does not correspond to the sample.

5 points: scribbles, scribbles.

After evaluating each task, all points are summed up.

So, if a child scores in total on all three tasks:

3-6 points means he has a high level of readiness for school;

7-12 points – quite an average level;

13-15 points - so be it, low level readiness, the child needs additional examination of intelligence and mental development (or maybe the child was just in a bad mood? - in a day let's take the test one more time! God willing, everything will work out, but you need to be more careful!)

d) QUESTIONNAIRE. The last part of the Kern-Jirasik test (Kern-Jurasik in another spelling)

Reveals the general level of thinking, horizons, and development of social qualities.

It is conducted in the form of a question-answer conversation. The task may sound like this: “Now I will ask questions, and you try to answer them.” If it is difficult for a child to answer a question right away, you can help him with several leading questions. The answers are recorded in points and then summed up:

Which animal is bigger - a horse or a dog?

(horse = 0 points; incorrect answer = -5 points)

In the morning we have breakfast, and in the afternoon...

(we have lunch, eat soup, meat = 0; have dinner, sleep and other incorrect answers = -3 points)

It's light during the day, but at night...

(dark = 0; wrong answer = -4)

The sky is blue and the grass...

(green = 0; incorrect answer = -4)

Cherries, pears, plums, apples - what are they?

(fruit = 1; wrong answer = -1)

Why does the barrier go down before the train passes?

(so that the train does not collide with the car; so that no one gets hurt, etc. = 0;

wrong answer = -1)

What are Moscow, Odessa, St. Petersburg? (name any cities)

(cities = 1; stations = 0; incorrect answer = -1)

What time is it now? (show on a watch, real or toy)

(correctly shown = 4; only a whole hour or quarter of an hour is shown = 3; does not know the hour = 0)

A small cow is a calf, a small dog is..., a small sheep is...?

(puppy, lamb = 4; only one correct answer = 0; incorrect answer = -1)

Is a dog more like a chicken or a cat? How? What do they have in common?

(per cat, because they have 4 legs, fur, tail, claws (one similarity is enough) = 0;

for a cat without explanation = -1, for a chicken = -3)

Why do all cars have brakes?

(two reasons are indicated: to slow down from the mountain, stop, avoid a collision, etc. = 1;

one reason = 0; wrong answer = -1)

How are a hammer and an ax similar to each other?

(two common features: they are made of wood and iron, they are tools, they can be used to hammer nails, they have handles, etc. = 3; one similarity = 2; incorrect answer = 0)

How are cats and squirrels similar to each other?

(determining that these are animals or bringing two common features: they have 4 legs, tails, fur, they can climb trees, etc. = 3; one similarity = 2; wrong answer = 0)

What is the difference between a nail and a screw? How would you recognize them if they were lying on the table in front of you?

(the screw has a thread (thread, such a twisted line around) = 3;

the screw is screwed in and the nail is driven in or the screw has a nut = 2; wrong answer = 0)

Football, high jump, tennis, swimming - it's...

(sports (physical education) = 3; games (exercises, gymnastics, competitions) = 2; doesn’t know = 0)

Which ones do you know vehicles?

(three land vehicles + plane or ship = 4;

only three ground vehicles or a complete list with an airplane, ship, but only after an explanation that vehicles are what you can move on = 2;

wrong answer = 0)

What is the difference between an old person and a young person? What's the difference between them?

(3 signs (gray hair, lack of hair, wrinkles, poor vision, often getting sick, etc.) = 4;

one or two differences = 2; wrong answer (he has a stick, he smokes...) = 0

Why do people play sports?

(for two reasons (to be healthy, hardened, not fat, etc.) = 4;

one reason = 2; incorrect answer (to be able to do something, to earn money, etc.) = 0)

Why is it bad when someone deviates from work?

(others must work for him (or another expression that someone suffers a loss as a result of this) = 4; he is lazy, earns little, cannot buy anything = 2; wrong answer = 0)

Why do you need to put a stamp on a letter?

(so they pay for sending this letter = 5;

the other, the one who receives, would have to pay a fine = 2; wrong answer = 0)

Let's sum up the points.

Sum + 24 and above – high verbal intelligence (outlook).

A sum from + 14 to 23 is above average.

The sum from 0 to + 13 is the average indicator of verbal intelligence.

From - 1 to - 10 – below average.

From -11 and less is a low indicator.

If the verbal intelligence score is low or below average, additional examination of the child’s neuropsychic development is necessary.

Literature:

1. A. Kern, modification by J. Jirasek. Gutkina N.I. Psychological readiness for school. -

M.: NPO "Education", 1996

2. Psychological readiness for school. - 4th ed., revised. and additional -

St. Petersburg: Peter, Series " Tutorial", 2004.

The following tests for admission to 1st grade are used after the Kern-Jirasek test:

“House” technique

The technique is a task of drawing a picture depicting a house, the individual details of which are made up of elements of capital letters.

The task allows you to identify: the child’s ability to focus his work on a model; the ability to copy it.

These skills require a certain level of development: voluntary attention; spatial perception; sensorimotor coordination and fine motor skills of the hand.

(A sheet with a “house” is placed in front of them; Fig. 1.) The teacher turns to the child: “Take your time, be careful, try to make the drawing exactly the same as this sample. If you draw something wrong, you can’t erase it with an eraser. You need to draw the correct one on top of the incorrect drawing or next to it. Do you understand the task? Then get to work."

Work progress

Before completing the task, the teacher addresses the children with the words: “Before you lies a sheet of paper and a pencil.” On this sheet they are asked to draw exactly the same picture as they see in the picture.

Processing of experimental material is carried out by counting points awarded for errors. The following are considered errors:

a) the absence of any detail of the picture (fence, smoke, pipe,
roof, window, base of the house) - 4 points;

b) an increase in individual details of the drawing by more than two
times while maintaining relatively correct size
the entire drawing (points are awarded for each detail) - 3
points;

c) an incorrectly depicted element (smoke rings, fence -
right and left sides, shading on the roof, window,
pipe) - 2 points.

The element is evaluated as a whole. If part of it is copied correctly, then 1 point is awarded. The number of elements in a drawing detail is not taken into account;

d) incorrect arrangement of parts in space (fence

not on a line common with the base of the house, displacement of pipes, windows, etc.) - 1 point;

e) deviation of straight lines by more than 30° from the specified
directions (skew of vertical and horizontal
lines, collapsing a fence) - 1 point;

e) gaps between lines in the places where they should be

connected (for each break) - 1 point. In the event that the hatch lines on the roof do not reach its line, 1 point is given for the entire hatch as a whole;

g) if one line goes beyond another (for each climb),
then 1 point is given. Roof shading is estimated at
in general;

h) error-free copying of a drawing - 0 points. A “0” is given for good execution of the drawing. Thus, the worse the task is completed, the higher the total score received by the subject.

0 points - well-developed voluntary attention;

1-2 points - average development of voluntary attention; more than 4 points - poor development of voluntary attention.

It is necessary to take into account the age of the subject. Five-year-old children almost never receive a score of “0,” but if a test subject at 10 years old receives more than 1 point, this indicates poor development.

The Kern-Jerasek school maturity orientation test, which is a modification of A. Kern's test, consists of 3 tasks.

First task – drawing a male figure from memory , second – drawing of written letters, third – drawing a group of points. The result of each task is assessed according to a five-point system (1 highest score; 5 lowest score), and then the total result for 3 tasks is calculated.

Development of children who received a total of 3 tasks:

- from 3 to 6 scores are considered above average

- from 7 to 11 points as average

- from 12 to 15 points – below the norm.

Children who received 12 - 15 points need to be examined in depth, because among them there may be mentally retarded ones. All three tasks of the graphic test are aimed at determining the development of fine motor skills of the hand and coordination of vision and hand movements. These skills are necessary in school to master writing. In addition, the test allows you to determine general outline child's intellectual development (drawing of a male figure from memory). The task “copying written letters” and “copying a group of dots”

They reveal the child’s ability to imitate a model - a skill necessary in school education. These tasks also make it possible to determine whether the child can work with concentration, without distractions, for some time on a task that is not very attractive to him.

J. Jierasek conducted a study to establish a connection between the success of the school maturity test and success in further education. It turns out that children who do well on a test tend to do well in school, but children who do poorly on a test may do well in school. Therefore, Jerasek emphasizes that the test result can be considered as a basis for a conclusion about school maturity and cannot be interpreted as school immaturity (for example, there are cases when capable children draw a sketch of a person, which significantly affects the total score they receive). The author of the test also notes the limitations of the methodology due to the non-use of non-verbal subtests, which allow making a conclusion about the development logical thinking (the school maturity test mainly allows one to judge the development of sensorimotor skills).

The Kern–Jierasek test can be used both in a group and individually.

Instructions for using the test:

To kid (to a group of children) offer a test form. The first side of the form should contain information about the child and leave free space for drawing a male figure, on the back in the upper left part there should be a sample of written letters, and in the lower part - a sample of a group of dots. The right side of this side of the sheet is left free for the child to reproduce samples. The form can be a sheet of typewritten paper oriented so that Bottom part his side turned out to be longer. The pencil is placed in front of the subject so that it is at the same distance from both hands (if the child turns out to be left-handed, the experimenter must make an appropriate entry in the protocol). The form is placed in front of the child with its clean side.

Instructions for task No. 1:

"Here (show each child) draw a man. Because you can." No further explanations, assistance or drawing attention to errors and shortcomings in the drawing is allowed. If children still start asking how to draw, the experimenter should still limit himself to one phrase: “Draw as best you can.” If a child does not start drawing, then you should approach him and encourage him, for example, say: “Draw, you will succeed.” Sometimes guys ask the question whether it is possible to draw a woman instead of a man, in which case they must answer that everyone draws a man and they also need to draw a man. If the child has already started drawing a woman, then you should be allowed to finish drawing her, and then ask him to draw a man next to him. It should be borne in mind that there are cases when a child categorically refuses to draw a man. Experience shows that such a refusal can be associated with trouble in the child’s family, when the father is either not in the family at all, or he is, but some kind of threat comes from him. After finishing drawing a human figure, children are told to turn the sheet of paper over to the other side.

Instructions for task No. 2:

“Look, there’s something written here. You don’t know how to write yet, but try, maybe you can do the same. Take a good look at how it’s written, and here, next to it, in the free space, write the same way.” It is suggested to copy the phrase:

"I am eating soup",

written in written letters. If a child unsuccessfully guesses the length of a phrase and one word does not fit on the line, you should pay attention to the fact that you can write this word higher or lower. It should be borne in mind that there are children who already know how to read written text, and then, after reading the phrase proposed to them, they write it in block letters. In this case it is necessary to have a sample foreign words, also written in written letters.

Instructions for task No. 3:

“Look, there are dots drawn here

Try to draw it exactly the same here, next to it.”

In this case, it is necessary to show where the child should draw, since one should take into account the possible weakening of the concentration of attention in some children. While the children are performing tasks, it is necessary to monitor them, while making brief notes about their actions. First of all, they pay attention to which hand the future student draws with - right or left, and whether he transfers the pencil from one hand to another while drawing. They also note whether the child turns around too much, whether he drops the pencil and looks for it under the table, whether he started drawing, despite instructions, in a different place or even traces the outline of the sample, whether he wants to make sure that he draws beautifully, etc.

EVALUATION OF TEST RESULTS:

Task No. 1 – drawing a male figure.

1 point is set when the following conditions are met: the drawn figure must have a head, torso, and limbs. The head and body are connected to the neck and should not be larger than the body. There is hair on the head (perhaps they are covered with a hat or cap) and ears, on the face - eyes, nose, mouth, hands ending in a five-fingered hand. The legs are bent at the bottom. The figure has men's clothing and drawn in the so-called synthetic way (contour), which consists in the fact that the entire figure (head, neck, torso, arms, legs) are drawn immediately as a single whole, and not composed of separate completed parts. With this method of drawing, the entire figure can be outlined with one outline without lifting the pencil from the paper. The figure shows that the arms and legs seem to “grow” from the body, and are not attached to it. In contrast to the synthetic method, a more primitive analytical method of drawing involves depicting separately each of the component parts of the figure. So, for example, first the torso is drawn, and then the arms and legs are attached to it.

2 points. Fulfills all requirements for the unit, except for the synthetic drawing method. Three missing parts (neck, hair, one finger, but not part of the face) can be ignored if the figure is drawn synthetically.

3 points. The figure must have a head, torso, and limbs. Hands and feet are drawn with two lines (volumetric). Absence of neck, hair, ears, clothing, fingers and feet is acceptable.

4 points. Primitive drawing of a head and torso. Limbs (one pair is enough) each drawn with one line.

5 points. There is no clear image of the torso (“cephalopod” or predominance of “cephalopod”) or both pairs of limbs. Scribble.

Task No. 2 – copying words written in written letters.

1 point. The written sample was copied well and completely legibly.

The letters are no more than twice the size of the sample letters. The first letter clearly corresponds in height capital letter. The letters are clearly connected into three words. The copied phrase deviates from the horizontal line by no more than 30 degrees.

2 points. Still legibly copied sample. The size of letters and adherence to a horizontal line are not taken into account.

3 points. Explicit division of the inscription into at least two parts. You can understand at least four letters of the sample.

4 points. At least two letters match the pattern. The reproduced sample still creates a caption line.

5 points. Scribble.

Task No. 3 – drawing a group of points.

1 point. Almost perfect copying of the sample. A slight deviation of one point from a row or column is allowed. Reducing the sample is acceptable, but increasing it should not be more than twice. The drawing should be parallel to the sample.

2 points. The number and location of points must correspond to the sample. You can ignore the deviation no more than three points half the width of the gap between the row and column.

3 points. The drawing generally corresponds to the sample, not exceeding its width and height by more than twice. The number of points may not correspond to the sample, but there should be no more than 20 and no less than 7. Any rotation is allowed, even 180 degrees.

4 points. The outline of the drawing does not correspond to the sample, but still consists of dots. The dimensions of the sample and the number of points are not taken into account. Other forms (for example, lines) not allowed.

5 points. Scribble.

Working with the verbal subtest

The fourth page in the answer form is intended for working with the verbal subtest. The experimenter must fully record the child's response to each question on the subtest.

Instructions for the verbal subtest:

“Now I will ask you questions about a variety of things that you, of course, are familiar with, and therefore will be able to tell me about them. Listen to question one. »

The subtest is administered individually. Each question is read only once. The experimenter needs to monitor his speech; it must be friendly and clear in order to prevent the child from misunderstanding the question. You should not allow leading questions, correct if the child answers incorrectly, or additionally encourage a more complete answer. Necessary exceptions to this requirement are specifically stated in the test key.

Verbal subtest.

1. Which animal is bigger - a horse or a dog?

Horse = 0 points.

Incorrect answer = -5 points.

1. In the morning we have breakfast, and in the afternoon

Let's have lunch. We eat soup, meat = 0 points.

We have dinner, sleep, other erroneous answers = -3 points.

1. It's light during the day and at night

Dark = 0 points.

1. The sky is blue and the grass

Green = 0 points.

Incorrect answer = -4 points.

1. What are cherries, pears, plums, apples?

Fruit = 1 point

1. Why does the barrier go down before the train passes?

To prevent the train from colliding with the car. So that no one gets hit by a train (etc.)= 0 points.

Incorrect answer = -1 point.

1. What are Moscow, Rostov, Kyiv?

Cities = 1 point.

Stations = 0 points.

Incorrect answer = -1 point.

1. What time does the clock show?

Correctly shown = 4 points.

Only a quarter, a whole hour, a quarter and an hour are shown, correct = 3 points.

Doesn't know the clock = 0 points.

1. A small cow is a calf, a small dog is this, a small sheep is this?

Puppy, lamb = 4 points.

Only one answer out of two = 0 points.

Incorrect answer = -1 point.

1. Is a dog more like a chicken or a cat? How are they similar, what do they have in common?

Like a cat, because it also has 4 legs, fur, claws, and a tail (one similarity is enough)= 0 points.

For a cat (without giving similarities)= -1 point.

For chicken = -3 points.

1. Why do all cars have brakes?

Two reasons (braking downhill, stopping at a turn; stopping in case of danger of a collision, stopping altogether after finishing driving)= 1 point.

1 reason = 0 points.

Incorrect answer (example: he wouldn't drive without brakes)= -1 point.

1. How are a hammer and an ax similar to each other?

Two common signs (they are made of wood and iron, they have handles, these are tools, you can hammer nails with them)= 3 points.

1 similarity = 2 points.

1. How are squirrels and cats similar to each other?

Determining that they are animals or giving two common characteristics (they have 4 legs, a tail, fur, and can climb trees)= 3 points.

One similarity = 2 points.

Incorrect answer = 0 points.

1. What is the difference between a nail and a screw? How would you recognize them if they were lying in front of you?

They have different characteristics: the screw has threading (carving, such a twisted line, around a notch, etc.)= 3 points.

The screw is screwed in and the nail is driven in; the screw has a nut = 2 points.

Incorrect answer = 0 points.

1. Football, high jumping, swimming?

Sports, physical education = 3 points.

Games (exercises), gymnastics, competitions = 2 points.

Incorrect answer = 0 points.

1. What vehicles do you know?

Three land vehicles, plane or ship = 4 points.

Only three ground vehicles or a complete list with an airplane and a ship, but only after explaining that vehicles are something you can move on = 1 point.

Incorrect answer = 0 points.

1. What is the difference between an old person and a young person? What's the difference between them?

Three signs (gray hair, lack of hair, wrinkles, can no longer work like that, sees poorly, hears poorly, would rather die than be young)= 4 points.

One or two differences = 2 points.

Incorrect answer (he has a stick, he smokes)= 0 points.

1. Why do people play sports?

For two reasons (to be healthy, hardened, strong, to be more mobile, to stand straight, not to be fat, to achieve a record, etc.)= 4 points.

One reason = 2 points.

Incorrect answer (to be able to do something)= 0 points.

1. Why is it bad when someone avoids work?

The rest must work for him (or an expression that someone else is harmed as a result). He is lazy. Earns little and cannot buy anything = 2 points.

Incorrect answer = 0 points.

1. Why do you need to put a stamp on the envelope?

This is how they pay for sending, transporting a letter = 5 points.

The other one had to pay a fine = 2 points.

Incorrect answer = 0 points.

After conducting the survey, the results are calculated based on the number of points achieved on individual questions. Quantitative results of this assignment are distributed into the following 5 groups:

Group 1 – plus 24 or more

Group 2 – plus 14 to 23

Group 3 - from 0 to 13

Group 4 - from -1 to -10

Group 5 - less than -11

By classification positive are considered first three groups. Children who score from plus 24 to plus 13 are considered ready for school.

General assessment of test results.

Children are considered ready for school if they score in the first three subtests from 3 to 6 points.

7-9 points– children represent the average level of development of readiness for schooling.

9-11 points– children demand additional research to obtain more objective data.

12-15 points– special attention should be paid to this group of children (usually these are separate guys), since this constitutes development below the burrow. Such children need a thorough individual examination of intelligence, development of personal and motivational qualities.

Thus, we can say that the Kern-Jierasek method provides preliminary guidance on the level of development of readiness for schooling.

Kern–Jirasek Test of Indicative School Maturity

Short story

This test was proposed by J. Jirasek as a modification of the existing technique of A. Kern and received a combined name. In 1978, the Kern-Jirasek graphic test was first published in Russian, but it was widely used only 6-10 years later. The exceptional simplicity of testing and maximum accessibility have made it a favorite tool not only among psychologists, but also among teachers and even kindergarten teachers.

Unfortunately, some unfortunate specialists interpreted the results of the examination very freely, labeling children who did not score the required number of points as “underachieving”, “lagging behind”, and even used stronger expressions that put an end to the child who was “unlucky” to perform well. test. Meanwhile, J. Jirasek warned against such an interpretation; he provided the technique with very clear instructions and gave precise explanations for the interpretation.

What does the Kern-Jirasek test tell you and who is it for?

This technique is relevant for 5-7 year old children; its purpose is to test their readiness for schooling. This includes an assessment of the child’s personal maturity (task 1), his fine motor skills and visual coordination (task 2), and the test also reveals the visual-spatial perception of the future first-grader, visual memory (task 3) and thinking (based on the overall assessment of the entire test) .

The test can be used individually or in a group.

Methodology

The child is given an A4 sheet folded in half and a simple pencil. The sheet should lie like a notebook. On the unfolded side (on the left half of the sheet) at the top, write a short sentence in advance in written (NOT printed!) letters: “He ate soup.”

Below you draw a group of dots as shown on my sample form. I have a fold line marked in the middle for greater clarity (naturally, you should no need to draw). The right half of the sheet is for the child who will complete the drawing task.

He should sit in a way that is comfortable for him, so that the table and chair take into account his height.

When everything is ready, sit the child down, place a folded sheet of paper in front of him, give him the first task and wait for him to complete it. Then ask him to unfold the sheet for the second task, etc.

1. Draw a man. Because you know how (we don’t say anything else and in response to all the child’s remarks we repeat the instructions without our explanation). If he asks if you can draw a woman, say: “You need to draw a man.” If the child has already started drawing a woman, wait until he finishes and repeat the request to draw a man. It happens that a child refuses to draw a man (later I will explain why this could be). Then we do the next task.
2. The child turns the sheet over and sees a sentence at the top left. You say: “Look, there’s something written here. You don’t know how to write yet, but try, maybe you can do the same. Look carefully and write the same thing here in the empty space.” That is, we invite him to copy the phrase. If your child already knows how to read written text, write any phrase in another language unknown to him, for example, in English: “He eats soup.”
3. He then moves on to a group of points. You say: “Look, there are dots drawn here. Try to draw the same thing here, next to me.” You can use your finger to show the place where he will draw them.

So we ran the test. Let's see how the results should be calculated.

Each task is assessed on a five-point scale (1 point is the highest, 5 is the lowest), then the points are summed up and compared with the standard.

A score of 3-6 is regarded as a high indicator of development. 7-11 is an average indicator.

12-15 – below normal. If such results were obtained, additional examination is required, since there may be mentally retarded children in this category.
Counting points

On the first task

* 1 point – the figure of a man has a head, neck, torso, and limbs. The head should not be larger than the body. There is hair on the head (or it is covered with a hat or cap), ears; on the face - eyes, nose, mouth. The arms end in a five-fingered hand. The legs seem to “grow from the body”, and are not attached to it and are bent at the bottom. The figure is dressed in men's clothing. The entire figure is drawn in a synthetic, in other words, contour method, i.e., as a single whole, and is not composed of separate completed parts, and it can be outlined without lifting the pencil from the paper.
* 2 points – all requirements inherent in 1 point, except for the synthetic method (figure drawn analytically - from separate parts). You can ignore three missing details (neck, hair, one finger, but not part of the face) if the drawing method is synthetic.
* 3 points – the figure has a head, torso, and limbs. Arms and legs are drawn with two lines; the absence of neck, hair, ears, clothing, fingers and feet is allowed.
* 4 points – a primitive drawing with a head and torso. The limbs are drawn with one line. There can be one pair of them.
* 5 points – there is no clear image of the “cephalopod” type torso and both pairs of limbs.

For the second task:

* 1 point – the written sample was copied well and completely legibly. The letters are no more than 2 times the size of the sample letters. The first letter is clearly the same height as a capital letter. The letters are clearly connected into three words. The copied phrase deviates from the horizontal by no more than 30 degrees.
* 2 points – the sample is copied quite legibly. The size of the letters and adherence to the horizontal line are not taken into account.
* 3 points – obvious division of the inscription into at least two parts. You can understand at least four letters of the sample.
* 4 points – at least two letters match the sample. The reproduced sample still produces a record line.
* 5 points – doodles.

For the third task:

* 1 point – almost perfect copying of a group of points. A slight deviation of one point from a row or column is allowed. Reducing the sample is allowed, and increasing it by no more than 2 times. The drawing should be parallel to the sample.
* 2 points – the number and location of points corresponds to the sample, you can ignore the deviation of no more than three points per half the width of the gap between the row and column.
* 3 points – the drawing is generally similar to the sample, not exceeding more than twice the width and height. The number of points may not correspond to the sample, but there should be no more than 20 and no less than 7. Any rotation is allowed, even 180 degrees.
* 4 points – the outline of the drawing does not correspond to the sample, but still consists of dots. The dimensions of the sample and the number of points are not taken into account. Other shapes (for example, lines) are not allowed.
* 5 points – doodles.

QUESTIONNAIRE FOR SCHOOL MATURITY TEST BY J. JIRASEK

1. Which animal is bigger - a horse or a dog?
Horse = 0 points, wrong answer = - 5 points.

2. In the morning you have breakfast, and in the afternoon..
Let's have lunch. We eat soup, meat = 0 points. We have dinner, sleep and other erroneous answers = - 3 points.

3. It’s light during the day, but at night...
Dark = 0 points, wrong answer = - 4 points.

4. The sky is blue and the grass...
Green = 0 points, incorrect answer = - 4 points.

5. Cherries, pears, plums, apples - is this...?
Fruit = 1 point, wrong answer = - 1 point.

6. Why does the barrier go down before the train passes along the track?
To prevent the train from colliding with the car. So that no one gets hit by a train (etc.) = 0 points, incorrect answer = - 1 point.

7. What are Moscow, Rostov, Kyiv?
Cities = 1 point. Stations = 0 points. Incorrect answer = - 1 point.

8. What time does the clock show (show on the clock)?
Well shown = 4 points. Only a quarter, a whole hour, a quarter and an hour are shown correctly = 3 points. Doesn't know the clock = 0 points.

9. A small cow is a calf, a small dog is..., a small sheep is...?
Puppy, lamb = 4 points, only one answer out of two = O points. Incorrect answer = - 1 point.

10. Is a dog more like a chicken or a cat? How are they similar, what do they have the same?
Like a cat, because they have 4 legs, fur, tail, claws (one similarity is enough) = 0 points. For a cat (without giving similarity signs) = - 1 point. For chicken = - 3 points.

11. Why do all cars have brakes?
Two reasons (braking down a mountain, braking at a turn, stopping in case of danger of a collision, stopping altogether after finishing driving) = 1 point. 1 reason = 0 points.
Incorrect answer (for example, he would not drive without brakes) = - 1 point.

12. How are a hammer and an ax similar to each other?
Two common features = 3 points (they are made of wood and iron, they have handles, these are tools, you can hammer nails with them, they are flat on the back). 1 similarity = 2 points. Incorrect answer = 0 points.

13. How are squirrels and cats similar to each other?
Determining that these are animals or citing two common characteristics (they have 4 legs, tails, fur, they can climb trees) = 3 points. One similarity 2 points.
Incorrect answer = 0 points.

14. What is the difference between a nail and a screw? How would you recognize them if they were lying here in front of you?
They have different signs: the screw has a thread (thread, such a twisted line around the notch) and 3 points. The screw is screwed in and the nail is driven in, or the screw has a nut = 2 points. Incorrect answer = 0 points.

15. Football, high jump, tennis, swimming - is this...?
Sports, physical education = 3 points. Games (exercises), gymnastics, competitions = 2 points. Incorrect answer = 0 points.

16. What vehicles do you know?
Three land vehicles, aircraft or ship = 4 points.
Only three land vehicles or a complete list, with an airplane or a ship, but only after explaining that vehicles are something that can be used to get somewhere = 2 points. Incorrect answer = 0 points.

17. What is the difference between an old man and a young man? What's the difference between them?
Three signs (gray hair, lack of hair, wrinkles,
can no longer work like this, sees poorly, hears poorly,
is more likely to be sick, more likely to die than young) = 4 points.
1 or 2 differences = 2 points.
Incorrect answer (he has a stick, he smokes, etc.) = Oballov.

18. Why do people play sports?
Two reasons (to be healthy, fit, strong, to be more mobile, to stand straight, not to be fat, they want to achieve a record, etc.) = 4 points.
One reason = 2 points. Incorrect answer (to be able to do something) = 0 points.

19. Why is it bad when someone avoids work?
The rest must work for him (or another expression for the fact that someone else suffers as a result of this). He is lazy. Earns little and cannot buy anything = 2 points. Incorrect answer = 0 points.

20. Why do you need to put a stamp on the envelope?
This is how they pay for sending, transporting a letter = 5 points. The other one would have to pay a fine = 2 points. Incorrect answer = 0 points.

After the survey is completed, the results are calculated based on the number of points achieved on individual questions. The quantitative results of this task are divided into five groups:

1 group - plus 24 or more;

Group 2 - plus 14 to 23;

Group 3 - from 0 to 13;

Group 4 - from minus 1 to minus 10;

Group 5 - less than minus 11.

According to the classification, the first three groups are considered positive. Children who score from plus 24 to plus 13 are considered ready for school.

Overall assessment of test results

Children who receive from 3 to 6 points in the first three subtests are considered ready for school. The group of children who received 7-9 points represents the average level of development of readiness for school learning. Children who received 9-11 points require additional research to obtain more reliable data. Particular attention should be paid to a group of children (usually individual children) who scored 12-15 points, which constitutes development below the norm. Such children need careful individual research intellectual development, development of personal, motivational qualities.

Yulia Borodkina
Kern-Jirasek Test of Indicative School Maturity

Kern–Jirasek Test of Indicative School Maturity

This technique is relevant for 5-7 year old children; its purpose is to test their readiness for schooling. This includes personality assessment child's maturity(task 1, his fine motor skills and visual coordination (task 2, also test allows us to identify the visual-spatial perception of the future first-grader, visual memory (task 3) and thinking (based on the overall assessment of everything test) .

Test can be used both individually and in a group.

Methodology

The child is given an A4 sheet folded in half and a simple pencil. The sheet should lie like a notebook. On the unfolded side (on the left half of the sheet) at the top, write a short sentence in writing in advance (NOT printed) letters: “He ate soup.”

Below you draw a group of dots as shown on my sample form. I have a fold line marked in the middle for greater clarity. (naturally, you don't need to draw it). The right half of the sheet is for the child who will complete the drawing task.

He should sit in a way that is comfortable for him, so that the table and chair take into account his height.

When everything is ready, sit the child down, place a folded sheet of paper in front of him, give him the first task and wait for him to complete it. Then ask him to unfold the sheet for the second task, etc.

1. Draw a man. Because you know how (we don’t say anything else and in response to all the child’s remarks we repeat the instructions without our explanation). If he asks if he can draw a woman, speak: “You need to draw a man.” If the child has already started drawing a woman, wait until he finishes and repeat the request to draw a man. It happens that a child refuses to draw a man (I will explain later why this could be). Then we do the next task.

2. The child turns the sheet over and sees a sentence at the top left. You speak: “Look, there’s something written here. You don’t know how to write yet, but try, maybe you can do the same. Look carefully and write the same thing here in the empty space.” That is, we invite him to copy the phrase. If your child can already read written text, write any phrase in another language unknown to him, for example, English: “He eats soup.”

3. He then moves on to a group of points. You speak: “Look, there are dots drawn here. Try to draw it the same way here, next to it. “You can use your finger to show the place where he will draw them.

So we've done test. Let's see how the results should be calculated.

Each task is assessed on a five-point scale (1 point is the highest, 5 is the lowest, then the points are summed up and compared with the standard.

A score of 3-6 is regarded as a high indicator of development. 7-11 – average.

12-15 – below normal. If such results were obtained, additional examination is required, since there may be mentally retarded children in this category.

Counting points

On the first task

* 1 point – the figure of a man has a head, neck, torso, and limbs. The head should not be larger than the body. There is hair on the head (or it is covered with a hat or cap, ears; on the face there are eyes, nose, mouth. The arms end in a five-fingered hand. The legs seem to “grow from the body”, and are not attached to it and are bent at the bottom. The figure is dressed in men's clothing clothing. The entire figure is drawn in a synthetic, in other words, contour method, i.e., as a single whole, and is not composed of separate finished parts and can be traced without lifting the pencil from the paper.

* 2 points – all requirements inherent in 1 point, except for the synthetic method (the figure is drawn analytically - from separate parts). You can ignore three missing details (neck, hair, one finger, but not part of the face, if the drawing method is synthetic.

* 3 points – the figure has a head, torso, and limbs. Arms and legs are drawn with two lines; the absence of neck, hair, ears, clothing, fingers and feet is allowed.

* 4 points – a primitive drawing with a head and torso. The limbs are drawn with one line. There can be one pair of them.

* 5 points – there is no clear image of the “cephalopod” type torso and both pairs of limbs.

For the second task:

* 1 point – the written sample was copied well and completely legibly. The letters are no more than 2 times the size of the sample letters. The first letter is clearly the same height as a capital letter. The letters are clearly connected into three words. The copied phrase deviates from the horizontal by no more than 30 degrees.

* 2 points – the sample is copied quite legibly. The size of the letters and adherence to the horizontal line are not taken into account.

* 3 points – obvious division of the inscription into at least two parts. You can understand at least four letters of the sample.

* 4 points – at least two letters match the sample. The reproduced sample still produces a record line.

* 5 points – doodles.

For the third task:

* 1 point – almost perfect copying of a group of points. A slight deviation of one point from a row or column is allowed. Reducing the sample is allowed, and increasing it by no more than 2 times. The drawing should be parallel to the sample.

* 2 points – the number and location of points corresponds to the sample, you can ignore the deviation of no more than three points per half the width of the gap between the row and column.

* 3 points – the drawing is generally similar to the sample, not exceeding more than twice the width and height. The number of points may not correspond to the sample, but there should be no more than 20 and no less than 7. Any rotation is allowed, even 180 degrees.

* 4 points – the outline of the drawing does not correspond to the sample, but still consists of dots. The dimensions of the sample and the number of points are not taken into account. Other forms (for example, lines)– are not allowed.

* 5 points – doodles.

QUESTIONNAIRE ORIENTATIVE SCHOOL MATURITY TEST. JIRASEKA

1. Which animal is bigger - a horse or a dog?

Horse = 0 points, wrong answer = - 5 points.

2. In the morning you have breakfast, and in the afternoon.

Let's have lunch. We eat soup, meat = 0 points. We have dinner, sleep and other erroneous answers = - 3 points.

3. It is light during the day and at night.

Dark = 0 points, wrong answer = - 4 points.

4. The sky is blue and the grass is.

Green = 0 points, incorrect answer = - 4 points.

5. Cherries, pears, plums, apples - these are. ?

Fruit = 1 point, wrong answer = - 1 point.

6. Why does the barrier go down before the train passes along the track?

To prevent the train from colliding with the car. So that no one gets hit by a train (etc.)= 0 points, incorrect answer = - 1 point.

7. What are Moscow, Rostov, Kyiv?

Cities = 1 point. Stations = 0 points. Incorrect answer = - 1 point.

8. What time does the clock show (show on the clock?

Well shown = 4 points. Only a quarter, a whole hour, a quarter and an hour are shown correctly = 3 points. Doesn't know the clock = 0 points.

9. A small cow is a calf, a small dog is..., a small sheep is. ?

Puppy, lamb = 4 points, only one answer out of two = O points. Incorrect answer = - 1 point.

10. Is a dog more like a chicken or a cat? How are they similar, what do they have the same?

Like a cat, because they have 4 legs, fur, tail, claws (one similarity is enough)= 0 points. For a cat (without giving similarities)= - 1 point. For chicken = - 3 points.

11. Why do all cars have brakes?

Two reasons (braking down a mountain, braking at a turn, stopping in case of danger of a collision, stopping altogether after finishing driving) = 1 point. 1 reason = 0 points.

Incorrect answer (for example, he would not drive without brakes)= - 1 point.

12. How are a hammer and an ax similar to each other?

Two common features = 3 points (they are made of wood and iron, they have handles, these are tools, you can hammer nails with them, they are flat on the back). 1 similarity = 2 points. Incorrect answer = 0 points.

13. How are squirrels and cats similar to each other?

Determining that they are animals or giving two common characteristics (they have 4 legs, tails, fur, they can climb trees)= 3 points. One similarity 2 points.

Incorrect answer = 0 points.

14. What is the difference between a nail and a screw? How would you recognize them if they were lying here in front of you?

They have different signs: the screw has a thread (carving, such a twisted line around the notch) t 3 points. The screw is screwed in and the nail is driven in, or the screw has a nut = 2 points. Incorrect answer = 0 points.

15. Football, high jump, tennis, swimming - this. ?

Sports, physical education = 3 points. Games (exercises, gymnastics, competitions = 2 points. Incorrect answer = 0 points.

16. What vehicles do you know?

Three land vehicles, aircraft or ship = 4 points.

Only three land vehicles or a complete list, with an airplane or a ship, but only after explaining that vehicles are something that can be used to get somewhere = 2 points. Incorrect answer = 0 points.

17. What is the difference between an old man and a young man? What's the difference between them?

Three signs (gray hair, lack of hair, wrinkles,

can no longer work like this, sees poorly, hears poorly,

is more likely to be sick, more likely to die than young) = 4 points.

1 or 2 differences = 2 points.

Incorrect answer (he has a stick, he smokes, etc.)= Oballov.

18. Why do people play sports?

Two reasons (to be healthy, fit, strong, to be more mobile, to stand straight, not to be fat, they want to achieve a record, etc.) = 4 points.

One reason = 2 points. Incorrect answer (to be able to do something)= 0 points.

19. Why is it bad when someone avoids work?

The rest must work for him (or another expression for the fact that someone else suffers as a result of this). He is lazy. Earns little and cannot buy anything = 2 points. Incorrect answer = 0 points.

20. Why do you need to put a stamp on the envelope?

This is how they pay for sending, transporting a letter = 5 points. The other one would have to pay a fine = 2 points. Incorrect answer = 0 points.

After the survey is completed, the results are calculated based on the number of points achieved on individual questions. The quantitative results of this task are divided into five groups:

1 group - plus 24 or more;

Group 2 - plus 14 to 23;

Group 3 - from 0 to 13;

Group 4 - from minus 1 to minus 10;

Group 5 - less than minus 11.

According to the classification, the first three groups are considered positive. Children who score from plus 24 to plus 13 are considered ready for schooling.

Overall assessment of results testing

Ready for school Children who have received the first three subtests from 3 to 6 points. The group of children who received 7-9 points represents the average level of development of readiness for schooling. Children who received 9-11 points require additional research to obtain more reliable data. Particular attention should be paid to a group of children (usually individual children who scored 12-15 points, which constitutes development below the norm. Such children need a thorough individual study of intellectual development, the development of personal, motivational qualities.

In this article we will describe the Kern Jirasek test, answer the question of what it is, why it is and how, in fact, to pass it.

In 1978, experts in the field of child education published a test that was intended for preschoolers. The authors of the text were scientists Kern and Jirasek. In fact, the latter slightly changed the existing test and created another, fourth, task containing twenty questions. Its meaning was that, based on the results of the test, it would be possible to understand whether the child is ready for school classes and, in general, for studying at school. The Kern Jirasek test also helps predict good performance (for those who successfully pass this test) and poor performance (of course, for those who fail this test). The latter require parental support and assistance in the early stages school education. The advantages of the Kern Jirasek test include the fact that it does not take much time (this is especially true for small children), and can be carried out for one person or for several. The test has clearly defined standards that make it clear about the child’s level of development. In order to pass the test you do not need any special conditions or items - we use everything that is at hand.

What does the Kern Jirasek test consist of?

There are only three points in the test. All these three points contain tasks to determine the capabilities of hand coordination and eye motor skills. As you might guess, all these functions are responsible for mastering writing and reading skills. In addition, the test will also determine your child’s mental development. There is a task in the Kern Jirasek test where the child needs to show his drawing skills - this shows the child’s perseverance and determination.

So, the three main tasks of the Kern Jirasek test:

• Rewrite phrases from written symbols.
• Draw a silhouette of a person from memory.
• Copy a drawing consisting of dots.

By the way, you shouldn’t make hasty conclusions, because Jirasek himself argued that the test results will show the level of your child’s readiness for school, but not the general level of intelligence, because there have been cases where a child who can draw well has several features to indicate the silhouette of a man, and this, Naturally, it was then reflected in the final score.

How should the results be assessed?

Strictly on a five-point scale. Moreover, not like at school, but exactly the opposite, that is, 1 is excellent, and 5 is very bad. Add up all the points for the three tasks and calculate the total. If the sum turned out to be from three to six points, then your child “performed” above average, if the sum came out from seven to eleven, then this can be regarded as an average, and if, finally, your child received from twelve to fifteen, then his readiness for school is below average.

How to perform the Kern Jirasek test?

• First task. The child must draw a silhouette of a man. There is no need to give any explanations or instructions.
• You cannot help your child, give him hints, or point out mistakes.
• You need to encourage and support your child if he is unable to complete a task. But this help should be verbal.
• You need to draw only a man, not a woman.
• After drawing, we turn the sheet over and ask the child to copy the phrase. Let there be, for example, the phrase “This is a ball.”
• In the next task, we ask the child to draw an image of dots. Some children who suffer from a lack of concentration can be helped by pointing out where to draw these dots.

The Kern Jirasek test is perfect for, so to speak, the first acquaintance with a child. Let us remember that it gives us an idea of ​​the overall picture. mental development your child. For example, after passing the first stage, you can draw conclusions about the internal qualities of your child. Evaluate all the little things: the width of the lines, the location of the figure itself on a sheet of paper, the stroke, the contour, the color scheme, the increased or decreased sizes of the body parts of the drawn man, how the eyes are drawn, what parts of the body are missing. It often happens that children depict a very large head or small eyes - these are features of a child’s communication with the stronger sex. If the contour lines are sharp, bold, and circled many times, then this is undoubtedly a sign of the child’s internal anxiety and stress. The composition of the drawing can tell about a child’s self-esteem and his worldview. If the man in the baby’s drawing is depicted in the corner, this is sure sign modesty and unsociability. But again, let us remind you that all this “evidence” is only a probability, and not a 100% fact, so you shouldn’t sound the alarm if your child has drawn a woman instead of a man, and even in the corner. Just watch him, try to communicate.

How should Kern Jirasek test items be scored?

At the end of the article you can download the full Kern Jirasek test, which will display the entire rating scale " works of art"your baby. Here we will briefly analyze the first stage so that there is some clarity and an idea of ​​\u200b\u200bscoring.

In the first task, one point is awarded if the silhouette of a man has a head, body and limbs. The head has normal proportions. There are facial features. There is a five-fingered limb. There are elements of a man's wardrobe, everything is more or less logical and adequate. Two points may be awarded if, contrary to the above parameters, any three elements of the torso, head or wardrobe are missing. We assign three points if there is a head, body and drawn arms and legs. There may be no eyebrows, lips, fingers and some clothes that logically seem to be asked to be there. We award four points if we are dealing with a very simplified, schematic drawing. The limbs look like dashes. Five points, that is lowest rating We award it if there is no clarity in the image of the body or the child has completely scribbled.

Download the Kern Jirasek test form

In this article, we looked at the Kern Jirasek test, found out who it is intended for and how, in fact, to carry it out for your child.