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Noble nest, Turgenev Ivan Sergeevich. The Noble Nest I. Turgenev The Noble Nest summary by chapter

Noble nest, Turgenev Ivan Sergeevich. The Noble Nest I. Turgenev The Noble Nest summary by chapter

As usual, Gedeonovsky was the first to bring the news of Lavretsky’s return to the Kalitins’ house. Maria Dmitrievna, the widow of a former provincial prosecutor, who at fifty years old has retained a certain pleasantness in her features, favors him, and her house is one of the nicest in the city of O... But Marfa Timofeevna Pestova, the seventy-year-old sister of Maria Dmitrievna’s father, does not favor Gedeonovsky for his tendency to make things up and talkativeness. Why, a popovich, even though he is a state councilor.

However, it is generally difficult to please Marfa Timofeevna. Well, she doesn’t like Panshin either - everyone’s favorite, an enviable groom, the first gentleman. Vladimir Nikolaevich plays the piano, composes romances based on his own words, draws well, and recites. He is a completely secular person, educated and dexterous. In general, he is a St. Petersburg official special assignments, a chamber cadet who arrived in O... on some mission. He visits the Kalitins for the sake of Lisa, Maria Dmitrievna’s nineteen-year-old daughter. And it seems his intentions are serious. But Marfa Timofeevna is sure: her favorite is not worth such a husband. Panshin and Lizin are rated low by music teacher Christopher Fedorovich Lemm, a middle-aged, unattractive and not very successful German, secretly in love with his student.

The arrival of Fyodor Ivanovich Lavretsky from abroad is a notable event for the city. His story passes from mouth to mouth. In Paris, he accidentally caught his wife cheating. Moreover, after the breakup, the beautiful Varvara Pavlovna gained scandalous European fame.

The inhabitants of the Kalitino house, however, did not think that he looked like a victim. He still exudes steppe health and lasting strength. Only the fatigue is visible in the eyes.

Actually, Fyodor Ivanovich is a strong breed. His great-grandfather was a tough, daring, smart and crafty man. The great-grandmother, a hot-tempered, vindictive gypsy, was in no way inferior to her husband. Grandfather Peter, however, was already a simple steppe gentleman. His son Ivan (father of Fyodor Ivanovich) was raised, however, by a Frenchman, an admirer of Jean-Jacques Rousseau: this was the order of the aunt with whom he lived. (His sister Glafira grew up with her parents.) Wisdom of the 18th century. the mentor poured it entirely into his head, where it remained, without mixing with the blood, without penetrating into the soul.

Upon returning to his parents, Ivan felt dirty and wild in home. This did not stop him from paying attention to Mother Malanya’s maid, a very pretty, intelligent and meek girl. A scandal broke out: Ivan’s father deprived him of his inheritance, and ordered the girl to be sent to a distant village. Ivan Petrovich recaptured Malanya on the way and married her. Having arranged a young wife with the Pestov relatives, Dmitry Timofeevich and Marfa Timofeevna, he himself went to St. Petersburg, and then abroad. Fedor was born in the village of Pestov on August 20, 1807. Almost a year passed before Malanya Sergeevna was able to appear with her son at the Lavretskys. And that’s only because Ivan’s mother, before her death, asked the stern Pyotr Andreevich for her son and daughter-in-law.

The baby's happy father finally returned to Russia only twelve years later. Malanya Sergeevna had died by this time, and the boy was raised by his aunt Glafira Andreevna, ugly, envious, unkind and domineering. Fedya was taken away from his mother and given to Glafira while she was still alive. He did not see his mother every day and loved her passionately, but he vaguely felt that there was an indestructible barrier between him and her. Fedya was afraid of Auntie and didn’t dare make a murmur in front of her.

Having returned, Ivan Petrovich himself began raising his son. Dressed him in Scottish clothes and hired a porter for him. Gymnastics, natural sciences, international law, mathematics, carpentry and heraldry formed the core educational system. They woke the boy up at four in the morning; having doused them with cold water, they forced them to run around a pole on a rope; fed once a day; taught to ride a horse and shoot a crossbow. When Fedya was sixteen years old, his father began to instill in him contempt for women.

A few years later, having buried his father, Lavretsky went to Moscow and at the age of twenty-three entered the university. The strange upbringing bore fruit. He didn’t know how to get along with people, he didn’t dare look into the eyes of a single woman. He became friends only with Mikhalevich, an enthusiast and poet. It was this Mikhalevich who introduced his friend to the family of the beautiful Varvara Pavlovna Korobina. The twenty-six-year-old child only now understood why life was worth living. Varenka was charming, smart and well-educated, she could talk about the theater, and played the piano.

Six months later, the young people arrived in Lavriki. The university was left (not to marry a student), and a happy life began. Glafira was removed, and General Korobin, Varvara Pavlovna’s dad, arrived in the place of the manager; and the couple drove off to St. Petersburg, where they had a son, who soon died. On the advice of doctors, they went abroad and settled in Paris. Varvara Pavlovna instantly settled down here and began to shine in society. Soon, however, a love note addressed to his wife, whom he trusted so blindly, fell into Lavretsky’s hands. At first he was seized with rage, a desire to kill both of them (“my great-grandfather hung men by the ribs”), but then, having ordered a letter about the annual allowance for his wife and about the departure of General Korobin from the estate, he went to Italy. Newspapers circulated bad rumors about his wife. From them I learned that he had a daughter. Indifference to everything appeared. And yet, after four years, he wanted to return home, to the city of O..., but he did not want to settle in Lavriki, where he and Varya spent their first happy days.

From the very first meeting, Lisa attracted his attention. He noticed Panshin near her. Maria Dmitrievna did not hide the fact that the chamber cadet was crazy about her daughter. Marfa Timofeevna, however, still believed that Liza should not follow Panshin.

In Vasilyevskoye, Lavretsky examined the house, garden with a pond: the estate had managed to run wild. The silence of a leisurely, solitary life surrounded him. And what strength, what health there was in this inactive silence. The days passed monotonously, but he was not bored: he did housework, rode horseback, and read.

Three weeks later I went to O... to the Kalitins. I found Lemma there. In the evening, going to see him off, I stayed with him. The old man was touched and admitted that he writes music, played and sang something.

In Vasilievsky, the conversation about poetry and music imperceptibly turned into a conversation about Liza and Panshin. Lemm was categorical: she doesn’t love him, she just listens to her mother. Lisa can love one beautiful thing, but he is not beautiful, i.e. his soul is not beautiful

This was taught to her as a child by her nanny Agafya, who told her the life of the Most Pure Virgin, the lives of saints and hermits, and took her to church. Her own example fostered humility, meekness and a sense of duty.

Unexpectedly, Mikhalevich appeared in Vasilyevskoye. He grew old, it was clear that he was not succeeding, but he spoke as passionately as in his youth, read his own poems: “...And I burned everything that I worshiped, / I bowed to everything that I burned.”

Then the friends argued long and loudly, disturbing Lemm, who continued to visit. You can't just want happiness in life. This means building on sand. You need faith, and without it Lavretsky is a pitiful Voltairian. No faith - no revelation, no understanding of what to do. He needs a pure, unearthly being who will tear him out of his apathy.

After Mikhalevich, the Kalitins arrived in Vasilyevskoye. The days passed joyfully and carefree. “I speak to her as if I were not an obsolete person,” Lavretsky thought about Lisa. As he saw off their carriage on horseback, he asked: “Aren’t we friends now?..” She nodded in response.

The next evening, while looking through French magazines and newspapers, Fyodor Ivanovich came across a message about the sudden death of the queen of fashionable Parisian salons, Madame Lavretskaya. The next morning he was already at the Kalitins'. "What's wrong with you?" - Lisa asked. He gave her the text of the message. Now he is free. “You don’t need to think about this now, but about forgiveness...” she objected and at the end of the conversation she reciprocated with the same trust: Panshin asks for her hand. She is not at all in love with him, but she is ready to listen to her mother. Lavretsky begged Lisa to think about it, not to marry without love, out of a sense of duty. That same evening, Lisa asked Panshin not to rush her with an answer and informed Lavretsky about this. All the following days a secret anxiety was felt in her, as if she even avoided Lavretsky. And he was also alarmed by the lack of confirmation of his wife’s death. And Lisa, when asked if she decided to give an answer to Panshin, said that she knew nothing. She doesn't know herself.

One summer evening in the living room, Panshin began to reproach newest generation, said that Russia has lagged behind Europe (we didn’t even invent mousetraps). He spoke beautifully, but with secret bitterness. Lavretsky suddenly began to object and defeated the enemy, proving the impossibility of leaps and arrogant alterations, demanded recognition of the people's truth and humility before it. The irritated Panshin exclaimed; what does he intend to do? Plow the land and try to plow it as best as possible.

Liza was on Lavretsky’s side throughout the argument. The secular official's contempt for Russia offended her. Both of them realized that they loved and did not love the same thing, but differed only in one thing, but Lisa secretly hoped to lead him to God. Embarrassment last days disappeared.

Everyone gradually dispersed, and Lavretsky quietly went out into the night garden and sat down on a bench. Light appeared in the lower windows. It was Lisa walking with a candle in her hand. He quietly called her and, sitting her down under the linden trees, said: “... It brought me here... I love you.”

Returning through the sleepy streets, full of joyful feelings, he heard the wonderful sounds of music. He turned to where they were rushing from and called: Lemm! The old man appeared at the window and, recognizing him, threw the key. Lavretsky had not heard anything like this for a long time. He came up and hugged the old man. He paused, then smiled and cried: “I did this, for I am a great musician.”

The next day, Lavretsky went to Vasilyevskoye and returned to the city in the evening. In the hallway he was greeted by the smell of strong perfume, and there were trunks standing right there. Having crossed the threshold of the living room, he saw his wife. Confusedly and verbosely, she began to beg to forgive her, if only for the sake of her daughter, who was not guilty of anything before him: Ada, ask your father with me. He invited her to settle in Lavriki, but never count on renewing the relationship. Varvara Pavlovna was all submission, but on the same day she visited the Kalitins. The final explanation between Liza and Panshin had already taken place there. Maria Dmitrievna was in despair. Varvara Pavlovna managed to occupy and then win her over, hinting that Fyodor Ivanovich had not completely deprived her of “his presence.” Lisa received Lavretsky’s note, and the meeting with his wife was not a surprise for her (“Serves me right”). She was stoic in the presence of the woman whom “he” had once loved.

Panshin appeared. Varvara Pavlovna immediately found the tone with him. She sang a romance, talked about literature, about Paris, and occupied herself with half-secular, half-artistic chatter. When parting, Maria Dmitrievna expressed her readiness to try to reconcile her with her husband.

Lavretsky reappeared in the Kalitin house when he received a note from Lisa inviting him to come see them. He immediately went up to Marfa Timofeevna. She found an excuse to leave him and Lisa alone. The girl came to say that they had only to do their duty. Fyodor Ivanovich must make peace with his wife. Doesn’t he now see for himself: happiness depends not on people, but on God.

When Lavretsky was going downstairs, the footman invited him to Marya Dmitrievna. She started talking about his wife’s repentance, asked to forgive her, and then, offering to accept her from hand to hand, she brought Varvara Pavlovna out from behind the screen. Requests and already familiar scenes were repeated. Lavretsky finally promised that he would live with her under the same roof, but would consider the agreement violated if she allowed herself to leave Lavriki.

The next morning he took his wife and daughter to Lavriki and a week later he left for Moscow. And a day later Panshin visited Varvara Pavlovna and stayed for three days.

A year later, news reached Lavretsky that Lisa had taken monastic vows in a monastery in one of the remote regions of Russia. After some time, he visited this monastery. Lisa walked close to him and didn’t look, only her eyelashes trembled slightly and her fingers holding the rosary clenched even more tightly.

And Varvara Pavlovna very soon moved to St. Petersburg, then to Paris. A new admirer appeared near her, a guardsman of unusually strong build. She never invites him to her fashionable evenings, but otherwise he enjoys her favor completely.

Eight years have passed. Lavretsky again visited O... The older inhabitants of the Kalitino house had already died, and youth reigned here: Lisa’s younger sister, Lenochka, and her fiancé. It was fun and noisy. Fyodor Ivanovich walked through all the rooms. There was the same piano in the living room, the same embroidery frame stood by the window as then. Only the wallpaper was different.

In the garden he saw the same bench and walked along the same alley. His sadness was tormenting, although the turning point had already taken place in him, without which it is impossible to remain a decent person: he stopped thinking about his own happiness.

Novel " Noble Nest Turgenev was written in 1858, published in January 1859 in the Sovremennik magazine. Immediately after its publication, the novel gained great popularity in society, since the author touched upon deep social problems. The book is based on Turgenev's thoughts on the fate of the Russian nobility.

Main characters

Lavretsky Fedor Ivanovich- a rich landowner, an honest and decent person.

Varvara Pavlovna- Lavretsky’s wife, a two-faced and calculating person.

Lisa Kalitina – eldest daughter Marya Dmitrievna, a pure and deeply decent girl.

Other characters

Marya Dmitrievna Kalitina- widow, sensitive woman.

Marfa Timofeevna Pestova- Maria Dmitrievna’s dear aunt, an honest and independent woman.

Lena Kalitina- youngest daughter of Marya Dmitrievna.

Sergei Petrovich Gedeonovsky- State Councilor, friend of the Kalitin family

Vladimir Nikolaevich Panshin- a handsome young man, an official.

Christopher Fedorovich Lemm- old music teacher of the Kalitin sisters, German.

Ada- daughter of Varvara Pavlovna and Fyodor Ivanovich.

Chapters I-III

On “one of the outer streets of the provincial town of O...” there is a beautiful house where Marya Dmitrievna Kalitina lives, a pretty widow who “was easily irritated and even cried when her habits were violated.” Her son is being brought up in one of the best educational institutions in St. Petersburg, and two daughters live with her.

Marya Dmitrievna’s company is kept by her own aunt, her father’s sister, Marfa Timofeevna Pestova, who “had an independent disposition and told everyone the truth to their faces.”

Sergey Petrovich Gedeonovsky – good friend the Kalitin family - says that Fyodor Ivanovich Lavretsky, whom he “personally saw,” returned to the city.

Due to some ugly story with his wife, the young man was forced to leave his hometown and go abroad. But now he has returned and, according to Gedeonovsky, he has begun to look even better - “his shoulders are even broader, and his cheeks are flushed.”

A handsome young rider on a hot horse gallops dashingly towards the Kalitin house. Vladimir Nikolaevich Panshin easily pacifies the zealous stallion and allows Lena to stroke him. He and Lisa appear in the living room at the same time - “a slender, tall, black-haired girl of about nineteen.”

Chapters IV-VII

Panshin is a brilliant young official, spoiled by the attention of secular society, who very quickly “gained the reputation of one of the most amiable and dexterous young men in St. Petersburg.” He was sent to the town of O. on service matters, and in the Kalitins’ house he managed to become his own man.

Panshin performs his new romance to those present, which they find delightful. Meanwhile, an old music teacher, Monsieur Lemme, comes to the Kalitins. His whole appearance shows that Panshin’s music did not make any impression on him.

Christopher Fedorovich Lemm was born into a family of poor musicians, and at the age of “eight years old he was orphaned, and at ten he began to earn a piece of bread for himself with his art.” He traveled a lot, wrote beautiful music, but was never able to become famous. Fearing poverty, Lemm agreed to lead the orchestra of a Russian gentleman. So he ended up in Russia, where he settled firmly. Christopher Fedorovich “alone, with an old cook he took from an almshouse” lives in a small house, earning a living by giving private music lessons.

Lisa accompanies Lemm, who has finished his lesson, to the porch, where she meets a tall, stately stranger. He turns out to be Fyodor Lavretsky, whom Lisa did not recognize after an eight-year separation. Marya Dmitrievna joyfully greets the guest and introduces him to everyone present.

Leaving the Kalitins' house, Panshin declares his love to Liza.

Chapters VIII-XI

Fyodor Ivanovich “descended from an old noble tribe.” His father, Ivan Lavretsky, fell in love with a courtyard girl and married her. Having received a diplomatic position, he went to London, where he learned about the birth of his son Fedor.

Ivan’s parents softened their anger, made peace with their son and accepted a rootless daughter-in-law and their one-year-old son into their home. After the death of the old people, the master almost did not do housework, and the house was managed by his elder sister Glafira, an arrogant and domineering old maid.

Having become closely involved in raising his son, Ivan Lavretsky set himself the goal of making a real Spartan out of a frail, lazy boy. They woke him up at 4 o'clock in the morning, doused him with cold water, forced him to do intensive gymnastics, and restricted him in food. Such measures had a positive effect on Fedor’s health - “at first he caught a fever, but soon recovered and became a young man.”

Fyodor's adolescence passed under the constant oppression of his oppressive father. Only at the age of 23, after the death of his parent, was the young man able to breathe deeply.

Chapters XII-XVI

Young Lavretsky, fully aware of the “shortcomings of his upbringing,” went to Moscow and entered the university in the physics and mathematics department.

His father’s unsystematic and contradictory upbringing played a cruel joke on Fyodor: “he didn’t know how to get along with people,” “he had never dared to look a single woman in the eye,” “he didn’t know a lot of things that every high school student has known for a long time.”

At the university, the withdrawn and unsociable Lavretsky made friends with student Mikhalevich, who introduced him to the daughter of a retired general, Varvara Korobina.

The girl’s father, a major general, after an ugly story with embezzlement of government money, was forced to move with his family from St. Petersburg to “Moscow for cheap bread.” By that time, Varvara had graduated from the Institute for Noble Maidens, where she was known as the best student. She adored the theater and tried to often attend performances, where Fyodor saw her for the first time.

The girl charmed Lavretsky so much that “six months later he explained himself to Varvara Pavlovna and offered her his hand.” She agreed because she knew that her fiancé was rich and noble.

The first days after the wedding, Fyodor “was blissful, reveling in happiness.” Varvara Pavlovna skillfully got Glafira out of her own house, and the empty position of estate manager was immediately taken by her father, who dreamed of getting his hands on the estate of his rich son-in-law.

Having moved to St. Petersburg, the newlyweds “traveled and received a lot, gave the most delightful music and dance parties,” at which Varvara Pavlovna shone in all her splendor.

After the death of their first-born, the couple, on the advice of doctors, went to the waters, then to Paris, where Lavretsky accidentally learned about his wife’s infidelity. The betrayal of a loved one greatly undermined him, but he found the strength to tear the image of Varvara out of his heart. The news of the birth of his daughter did not soften him either. Having assigned the traitor a decent annual allowance, he broke off any relationship with her.

Fedor “was not born a sufferer,” and four years later he returned to his homeland.

XVII-XXI

Lavretsky comes to the Kalitins to say goodbye before leaving. Having learned that Lisa is heading to church, she asks to pray for him. From Marfa Timofeevna he learns that Panshin is courting Liza, and the girl’s mother is not against this union.

Arriving in Vasilyevskoye, Fyodor Ivanovich notes that there is great desolation in the house and in the yard, and after the death of Aunt Glafira, nothing has changed here.

The servants are perplexed why the master decided to settle in Vasilyevskoye, and not in the rich Lavriki. However, Fyodor is not able to live on the estate, where everything reminds him of his past marital happiness. Within two weeks, Lavretsky put the house in order, acquired “everything he needed and began to live - either as a landowner or as a hermit.”

After some time, he visits the Kalitins, where he makes friends with the old man Lemm. Fyodor, who “passionately loved music, sensible, classical music,” shows sincere interest in the musician and invites him to stay with him for a while.

Chapters XXII-XXVIII

On the way to Vasilyevskoye, Fyodor invites Lemm to compose an opera, to which the old man replies that he is too old for this.

Over morning tea, Lavretsky informs the German that he will still have to write a solemn cantata in honor of the upcoming “marriage of Mr. Panshin and Lisa.” Lemm does not hide his annoyance, because he is sure that the young official is not worthy of such a wonderful girl as Lisa.

Fyodor offers to invite the Kalitins to Vasilyevskoye, to which Lemm agrees, but only without Mr. Panshin.

Lavretsky conveys his invitation, and, taking advantage of the opportunity, remains alone with Lisa. The girl is “afraid of making him angry,” but, plucking up courage, she asks about the reasons for separating from his wife. Fyodor tries to explain to her the baseness of Varvara’s act, to which Lisa replies that he must certainly forgive her and forget about the betrayal.

Two days later, Marya Dmitrievna and her daughters come to visit Fyodor. The widow considers her visit “a sign of great condescension, almost a good deed.” On the occasion of the arrival of his favorite student Lisa, Lemm composes a romance, but the music turns out to be “confusing and unpleasantly tense,” which greatly upsets the old man.

In the evening they gather “to go fishing with the whole community.” At the pond, Fyodor talks with Lisa. He feels “the need to talk to Lisa, to tell her everything that came into his soul.” This surprises him, because before this he considered himself a complete man.

As dusk falls, Marya Dmitrievna gets ready to go home. Fyodor volunteers to escort his guests. On the way, he continues to talk with Lisa, and they part as friends. During the evening reading, Lavretsky notices “in the feuilleton of one of the newspapers” a message about the death of his wife.

Lemme is going home. Fyodor goes with him and stops by the Kalitins, where he secretly gives the magazine with the obituary to Lisa. He whispers to the girl that he will pay a visit tomorrow.

Chapters XXIX-XXXII

The next day, Marya Dmitrievna meets Lavretsky with poorly concealed irritation - she doesn’t like him, and Pashin speaks of him not at all flatteringly.

While walking along the alley, Lisa asks how Fyodor reacted to the death of his wife, to which he honestly replies that he was practically not upset. He hints to the girl that meeting her has touched deeply dormant strings in him.

Lisa admits that she received a letter from Pashin proposing marriage. She doesn't know what to answer because she doesn't love him at all. Lavretsky begs the girl not to rush into an answer and not to rob “herself of the best, the only happiness on earth” - to love and be loved.

In the evening, Fyodor again goes to the Kalitins to find out about Lisa’s decision. The girl tells him that she did not give Panshin a definite answer.

As an adult, mature man, Lavretsky is aware that he is in love with Lisa, but “this conviction did not bring him much joy.” He does not dare hope for the girl’s reciprocity. In addition, he is tormented by the painful anticipation of official news of his wife’s death.

Chapters XXXIII-XXXVII

In the evening at the Kalitins’, Panshina begins to talk at length about “how he would have turned everything his way if he had power in his hands.” He considers Russia a backward country that should learn from Europe. Lavretsky deftly and confidently smashes all his opponent’s arguments. Fyodor is supported by Lisa in everything, since Panshin’s theories scare her.

A declaration of love takes place between Lavretsky and Lisa. Fedor does not believe his luck. He follows the sounds of unusually beautiful music and finds out that it is Lemm playing his work.

The next day after declaring his love, the happy Lavretsky comes to the Kalitins, but for the first time in all his time they do not accept him. He returns home and sees a woman in a “black silk dress with frills,” whom he recognizes with horror as his wife Varvara.

With tears in his eyes, his wife asks him for forgiveness, promising to “sever all ties with the past.” However, Lavretsky does not believe Varvara’s feigned tears. Then the woman begins to manipulate Fyodor, appealing to his paternal feelings and showing him his daughter Ada.

In complete confusion, Lavretsky wanders the streets and comes to Lemm. Through the musician, he passes a note to Lisa with a message about the unexpected “resurrection” of his wife and asks for a date. The girl replies that she can only meet him the next day.

Fyodor returns home and can hardly stand the conversation with his wife, after which he leaves for Vasilyevskoye. Varvara Pavlovna, having learned that Lavretsky visited the Kalitins every day, goes to visit them.

Chapters XXXVIII-XL

On the day of Varvara Pavlovna’s return, Lisa has a painful explanation with Panshin. She refuses an eligible groom, which greatly upsets her mother.

Marfa Timofeevna comes into Lisa’s room and declares that she knows everything about a night walk with a certain young man. Lisa admits that she loves Lavretsky, and no one stands in the way of their happiness, since his wife is dead.

At a reception with the Kalitins, Varvara Pavlovna manages to charm Marya Dmitrievna with stories about Paris and appease her with a bottle of fashionable perfume.

Having learned about the arrival of Fyodor Petrovich’s wife, Lisa is sure that this is a punishment for all her “criminal hopes.” The sudden change in fate shocks her, but she “didn’t shed a tear.”

Marfa Timofeevna manages to quickly see through the deceitful and vicious nature of Varvara Pavlovna. She takes Lisa to her room and cries for a long time, kissing her hands.

Panshin arrives for dinner, and Varvara Pavlovna, who was bored, instantly perks up. She charms young man during a joint performance of a romance. And even Lisa, “to whom he had offered his hand the day before, disappeared as if in a fog.”

Varvara Pavlovna does not hesitate to try her charms even on old man Gedeonovsky in order to finally win the place of the first beauty in the district town.

Chapters XLI-XLV

Lavretsky does not find a place for himself in the village, tormented by “incessant, impetuous and powerless impulses.” He understands that everything is over, and the last timid hope of happiness has slipped away forever. Fedor tries to pull himself together and submit to fate. He harnesses the carriage and sets off for the city.

Having learned that Varvara Pavlovna went to the Kalitins, he hurries there. Climbing the back stairs to Marfa Timofeevna, he asks her for a date with Liza. The unhappy girl begs him to make peace with his wife for the sake of his daughter. Parting forever, Fyodor asks to give him a scarf as a souvenir. A footman enters and conveys to Lavretsky Marya Dmitrievna’s request to urgently come to her.

Kalitina, with tears in her eyes, begs Fyodor Ivanovich to forgive his wife and bring Varvara Petrovna out from behind the screen. However, Lavretsky is relentless. He sets a condition for his wife - she must live in Lavriki without a break, and he will observe all external decency. If Varvara Petrovna leaves the estate, this agreement can be considered terminated.

Hoping to see Lisa, Fyodor Ivanovich goes to church. The girl doesn’t want to talk to him about anything and asks him to leave her. The Lavretskys go to the estate, and Varvara Pavlovna vows to her husband to live quietly in the wilderness for the sake of a happy future for her daughter.

Fyodor Ivanovich goes to Moscow, and the very next day after leaving, Panshin appears in Lavriki, “whom Varvara Pavlovna asked not to forget her in solitude.”

Lisa, despite the pleas of her family, makes a firm decision to enter a monastery. Meanwhile, Varvara Pavlovna, “having stocked up on money,” moves to St. Petersburg and completely subjugates Panshin to her will. A year later, Lavretsky learns that “Lisa took monastic vows in the B……M monastery, in one of the most remote regions of Russia.”

Epilogue

After eight years, Panshin successfully built a career, but never married. Varvara Pavlovna, having moved to Paris, “has grown older and fatter, but is still sweet and graceful.” The number of her fans has noticeably decreased, and she completely devoted herself to a new hobby - theater. Fyodor Ivanovich became an excellent owner and managed to do a lot for his peasants.

Marfa Timofeevna and Marya Dmitrievna died long ago, but the Kalitin house was not empty. He even “seemed to have become younger” when carefree, blooming youth settled in him. Lenochka, who had grown up, was getting ready to get married; her brother came from St. Petersburg with his young wife and her sister.

One day the Kalitins are visited by the aged Lavretsky. He wanders around the garden for a long time, and is filled with “a feeling of living sadness about the disappeared youth, about the happiness that he once possessed.”

Lavretsky nevertheless finds a remote monastery in which Lisa hid from everyone. She walks past him without looking up. Only by the movement of her eyelashes and clenched fingers can one understand that she recognized Fyodor Ivanovich.

Conclusion

At the center of the novel by I. S. Turgenev is the story of the tragic love of Fyodor and Lisa. The impossibility of personal happiness, the collapse of their bright hopes echoes the social collapse of the Russian nobility.

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Noble Nest

As usual, Gedeonovsky was the first to bring the news of Lavretsky’s return to the Kalitins’ house. Maria Dmitrievna, the widow of a former provincial prosecutor, who at fifty years old has retained a certain pleasantness in her features, favors him, and her house is one of the nicest in the city of O... But Marfa Timofeevna Pestova, the seventy-year-old sister of Maria Dmitrievna’s father, does not favor Gedeonovsky for his inclination invent and talkativeness. Why, a popovich, even though he is a state councilor.

However, it is generally difficult to please Marfa Timofeevna. Well, she doesn’t like Panshin either - everyone’s favorite, an enviable groom, the first gentleman. Vladimir Nikolaevich plays the piano, composes romances based on his own words, draws well, and recites. He is a completely secular person, educated and dexterous. In general, he is a St. Petersburg official on special assignments, a chamber cadet who arrived in O... on some kind of mission. He visits the Kalitins for the sake of Lisa, Maria Dmitrievna’s nineteen-year-old daughter. And it seems his intentions are serious. But Marfa Timofeevna is sure: her favorite is not worth such a husband. Panshin and Lizin are rated low by music teacher Christopher Fedorovich Lemm, a middle-aged, unattractive and not very successful German, secretly in love with his student.

The inhabitants of the Kalitino house, however, did not think that he looked like a victim. He still exudes steppe health and lasting strength. Only the fatigue is visible in the eyes.

Upon returning to his parents, Ivan found his home dirty and wild. This did not stop him from paying attention to Mother Malanya’s maid, a very pretty, intelligent and meek girl. A scandal broke out: Ivan’s father deprived him of his inheritance, and ordered the girl to be sent to a distant village. Ivan Petrovich recaptured Malanya on the way and married her. Having arranged a young wife with the Pestov relatives, Dmitry Timofeevich and Marfa Timofeevna, he himself went to St. Petersburg, and then abroad. Fedor was born in the village of Pestov on August 20, 1807. Almost a year passed before Malanya Sergeevna was able to appear with her son at the Lavretskys. And that’s only because Ivan’s mother, before her death, asked the stern Pyotr Andreevich for her son and daughter-in-law.

Having returned, Ivan Petrovich himself began raising his son. Dressed him in Scottish clothes and hired a porter for him. Gymnastics, natural sciences, international law, mathematics, carpentry and heraldry formed the core of the educational system. They woke the boy up at four in the morning; having doused them with cold water, they forced them to run around a pole on a rope; fed once a day; taught to ride a horse and shoot a crossbow. When Fedya was sixteen years old, his father began to instill in him contempt for women.

Six months later, the young people arrived in Lavriki. The university was abandoned (not to marry a student), and happy life. Glafira was removed, and General Korobin, Varvara Pavlovna’s dad, arrived in the place of the manager; and the couple drove off to St. Petersburg, where they had a son, who soon died. On the advice of doctors, they went abroad and settled in Paris. Varvara Pavlovna instantly settled down here and began to shine in society. Soon, however, a love note addressed to his wife, whom he trusted so blindly, fell into Lavretsky’s hands. At first he was seized with rage, a desire to kill both of them (“my great-grandfather hung men by the ribs”), but then, having ordered a letter about the annual allowance for his wife and about the departure of General Korobin from the estate, he went to Italy. Newspapers circulated bad rumors about his wife. From them I learned that he had a daughter. Indifference to everything appeared. And yet, after four years, he wanted to return home, to the city of O..., but he did not want to settle in Lavriki, where he and Varya spent their first happy days.

Lisa and Lavretsky trusted each other more and more. Not without embarrassment, she once asked about the reasons for his separation from his wife: how can one break off what God has united? You must forgive. She is sure that one must forgive and submit. This was taught to her as a child by her nanny Agafya, who told her the life of the Most Pure Virgin, the lives of saints and hermits, and took her to church. Her own example fostered humility, meekness and a sense of duty.

One summer evening in the living room, Panshin began to reproach the new generation, saying that Russia had fallen behind Europe (we didn’t even invent mousetraps). He spoke beautifully, but with secret bitterness. Lavretsky suddenly began to object and defeated the enemy, proving the impossibility of leaps and arrogant alterations, demanded recognition of the people's truth and humility before it. The irritated Panshin exclaimed; what does he intend to do? Plow the land and try to plow it as best as possible.

The next morning he took his wife and daughter to Lavriki and a week later he left for Moscow. And a day later Panshin visited Varvara Pavlovna and stayed for three days.

Ivan Sergeevich Turgenev

"Noble Nest"

As usual, Gedeonovsky was the first to bring the news of Lavretsky’s return to the Kalitins’ house. Maria Dmitrievna, the widow of a former provincial prosecutor, who at fifty years old has retained a certain pleasantness in her features, favors him, and her house is one of the nicest in the city of O... But Marfa Timofeevna Pestova, the seventy-year-old sister of Maria Dmitrievna’s father, does not favor Gedeonovsky for his tendency to make things up and talkativeness. Well, take it from me - a popovich, although he is a state councilor.

However, it is generally difficult to please Marfa Timofeevna. Well, she doesn’t like Panshin either - everyone’s favorite, eligible groom, first gentleman. Vladimir Nikolaevich plays the piano, composes romances based on his own words, draws well, and recites. He is a completely secular person, educated and dexterous. In general, he is a St. Petersburg official on special assignments, a chamber cadet who arrived in O... with some kind of assignment. He visits the Kalitins for the sake of Lisa, Maria Dmitrievna’s nineteen-year-old daughter. And it looks like his intentions are serious. But Marfa Timofeevna is sure: her favorite is not worth such a husband. Panshin and Lizin are rated low by music teacher Christopher Fedorovich Lemm, a middle-aged, unattractive and not very successful German, secretly in love with his student.

The inhabitants of the Kalitino house, however, did not think that he looked like a victim. He still exudes steppe health and lasting strength. Only the fatigue is visible in the eyes.

Having returned, Ivan Petrovich himself began raising his son. Dressed him in Scottish clothes and hired a porter for him. Gymnastics, natural sciences, international law, mathematics, carpentry and heraldry formed the core of the educational system. They woke the boy up at four in the morning; having doused them with cold water, they forced them to run around a pole on a rope; fed once a day; taught to ride a horse and shoot a crossbow. When Fedya was sixteen years old, his father began to instill in him contempt for women.

From the very first meeting, Lisa attracted his attention. He noticed Panshin and her nearby. Maria Dmitrievna did not hide the fact that the chamber cadet was crazy about her daughter. Marfa Timofeevna, however, still believed that Liza should not follow Panshin.

The next morning he took his wife and daughter to Lavriki and a week later he left for Moscow. And a day later Panshin visited Varvara Pavlovna and stayed for three days.

And Varvara Pavlovna very soon moved to St. Petersburg, then to Paris. A new admirer appeared near her, a guardsman with an unusually strong build. She never invites him to her fashionable evenings, but otherwise he enjoys her favor completely.

The work "The Noble Nest" is Turgenev's second novel.

The main character of the story was the kind and quiet gentleman Fyodor Ivanovich Lavretsky. He grew up in the family of a noble landowner who was married to a simple peasant girl. Fyodor's mother died when he was eight years old. The father raised the boy in strict rules, according to a system he himself invented. This upbringing influenced Lavretsky’s character and made him a strong and healthy person. In appearance, he looks like a healthy bull, but behind this appearance, shyness and timidity are hidden. When his father died, life revealed its secrets to Fyodor.

At twenty-four years old, he enters the Moscow Institute and meets the beauty Varvara Pavlovna. They got married, but soon separated. To ease his worries about the divorce, Fyodor goes abroad. A few years later he returned back to his native land. And then he meets another girl, Lisa Kalitina.

Lisa was a religious girl from a provincial town. In her life, the girl knew only resigned submission to a sense of duty, and the fear of causing anyone suffering. And even when Lisa felt love, realizing that she was also loved, her feeling of fear did not go away. Lavretsky was told that his first wife had died, and he was preparing to marry Lisa, dreaming of a carefree and joyful life.

But it turned out that Varvara Pavlovna was alive. Her unexpected return destroyed the love idyll of Lisa and Fyodor.

In the finale, Lisa goes to a monastery, and Lavretsky, no longer harboring hopes for his happiness, calms down, grows old and becomes withdrawn from everyone. However, he distracted himself from sad thoughts, devoting himself to farming and improving the lives of his serfs. But in the last lines of the work, the reader understands how bitterly it is for him to live in this world. He turns to himself and talks about his past life.

The subtle expression of emotional experience, the exciting picture of scenes and descriptions, the simplicity of the narrative, make up a wonderful ensemble in this work, which ensured great success among readers.

Essays

“The drama of his (Lavretsky’s) position lies ... in the collision with those concepts and morals with which the struggle will really frighten the most energetic and courageous person” (N.A. Dobrolyubov) (based on the novel “Extra People” (based on the story “Asya” and the novel “The Noble Nest”) Author and hero in I. S. Turgenev’s novel “The Noble Nest” Lisa’s meeting with Lavretsky’s wife (analysis of an episode from chapter 39 of I. S. Turgenev’s novel “The Noble Nest”) Female images in I. S. Turgenev’s novel “The Noble Nest.” I. S. Turgenev "The Noble Nest". Images of the main characters of the novel

The famous Russian writer I. S. Turgenev wrote many wonderful works, “The Noble Nest” is one of the best.

In the novel “The Noble Nest,” Turgenev describes the morals and customs of life of the Russian nobility, their interests and hobbies.

The main character of the work - nobleman Fyodor Ivanovich Lavretsky - was brought up in the family of his aunt Glafira. Fyodor's mother, a former maid, died when the boy was very young. My father lived abroad. When Fyodor was twelve years old, his father returned home and raised his son himself.

Novel "The Noble Nest" summary The works give us the opportunity to find out what kind of home education and upbringing children in noble families received. Fedor was taught many sciences. His upbringing was harsh: he was woken up early in the morning, fed once a day, taught to ride a horse and shoot. When his father died, Lavretsky left to study in Moscow. He was then 23 years old.

The novel “The Noble Nest”, a brief summary of this work will allow us to learn about the hobbies and passions of the young nobles of Russia. During one of his visits to the theater, Fyodor saw in the box beautiful girl- Varvara Pavlovna Korobina. A friend introduces him to the beauty’s family. Varenka was smart, sweet, educated.

Studying at the university was abandoned due to Fyodor's marriage to Varvara. The young couple move to St. Petersburg. There their son is born and soon dies. On the advice of a doctor, the Lavretskys go to live in Paris. Soon, enterprising Varvara becomes the owner of a popular salon and starts an affair with one of her visitors. Having learned about accidentally reading a love note from her chosen one, Lavretsky breaks off all relations with her and returns to his estate.

One day he visited his cousin, Kalitina Maria Dmitrievna, who lived with two daughters - Liza and Lena. The eldest - the pious Lisa - interested Fyodor, and he soon realized that his feelings for this girl were serious. Lisa had an admirer, a certain Panshin, whom she did not love, but on her mother’s advice she did not push away.

In one of the French magazines, Lavretsky read that his wife had died. Fyodor declares his love to Lisa and learns that his love is mutual.

The young man's happiness knew no bounds. Finally, he met the girl of his dreams: gentle, charming and also serious. But when he returned home, Varvara was waiting for him in the foyer, alive and unharmed. She tearfully begged her husband to forgive her, at least for the sake of their daughter Ada. Notorious in Paris, the beautiful Varenka was in dire need of money, since her salon no longer provided her with what she needed to luxurious life income.

Lavretsky assigns her an annual allowance and allows her to settle on his estate, but refuses to live with her. Smart and resourceful Varvara talked to Lisa and convinced the pious and meek girl to give up Fyodor. Lisa convinces Lavretsky not to leave his family. He settles his family on his estate, and he himself leaves for Moscow.

Deeply disappointed in her unfulfilled hopes, Lisa breaks off all relations with the secular world and goes to a monastery to find the meaning of life in suffering and prayer. Lavretsky visits her in the monastery, but the girl did not even look at him. Her feelings were revealed only by her fluttering eyelashes.

And Varenka again left for St. Petersburg, and then to Paris to continue her cheerful and carefree life there. “The Noble Nest”, the summary of the novel reminds us how much space in a person’s soul is occupied by his feelings, especially love.

Eight years later, Lavretsky visits the house where he once met Lisa. Fyodor again plunged into the atmosphere of the past - the same garden outside the window, the same piano in the living room. After returning home, he lived for a long time with sad memories of his failed love.

“The Noble Nest”, a brief summary of the work, allowed us to touch on some of the features of the lifestyle and customs of the Russian nobility of the 19th century.