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The astronaut died. Georgy Grechko: biography and obituary. Bibliography of Georgy Grechko

The astronaut died. Georgy Grechko: biography and obituary. Bibliography of Georgy Grechko

The death of cosmonaut Grechko occurred at 6:40 am. The twice Hero of the Soviet Union died in the Moscow 81st City Clinical Hospital named after Veresaev.

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Georgy Grechko’s daughter Olga said that the cosmonaut died due to chronic diseases. According to her, the pilot smiled at last minutes own life. “He was strong. And his mother was with him and he kissed her hand and smiled. He loves us all,” REN TV quoted Olga as saying.

The circumstances of the death also became known to the first vice-president of the Russian Cosmonautics Federation, Oleg Mukhin. According to him, the astronaut maintained his sanity before his death. “Two weeks ago we talked to him, but he said that his health was poor,” Life.ru quotes him as saying.

Let us remind you that Georgy Grechko died on the morning of April 8. The official cause of death was listed as acute heart failure.

The day before, April 7, reports appeared on the Internet about the astronaut’s hospitalization. As they wrote, his daughter later denied this information.

Georgy Grechko – Soviet cosmonaut, twice Hero Soviet Union. He flew into space three times - in 1975, 1978 and 1985. It is interesting that Grechko made his last flight at an old age: he was 54 years old. The astronaut enjoyed racing, skydiving, shooting and stamp collecting.

Cosmonaut Georgy Mikhailovich Grechko died of heart failure at the age of 85 on April 8, 2017. He was buried at the Troekurovskoye cemetery in Moscow. He flew into space three times, studied science, led social activities, wrote books, and was married three times.

Date of death of Georgy Mikhailovich

The night of April 8, 2017 was the last in the life of the famous pilot-cosmonaut Georgy Grechko. The symbol of the era is gone, worthy person of his time, an example of decency and patriotism. The state appreciated his contribution to its history with two Hero of the USSR awards, and the people - with love and respect.

Where and from what did he die

The cosmonaut's life was cut short in the 81st hospital in Moscow in the morning at 6:40. The previous day, a TASS report appeared about his hospitalization.

But such information was not confirmed by the daughter. According to her, Georgy Mikhailovich visited the hospital for consultation: Lately health condition has deteriorated significantly.

The cause of death of Georgy Grechko was heart failure, which developed against the background of age-related changes and existing chronic diseases.

The body was so weakened that the resuscitation measures carried out in the hospital in the early morning of April 8 did not help. With the last heartbeats, life stopped.

Funeral of an astronaut

Georgy Mikhailovich was buried at the Troekurovsky cemetery on the fourth day after he died - April 11. The place of final rest was the Alley of Cosmonauts.

Died famous person in the 86th year of his fruitful life. His entire biography is evidence of his service to the cause of space exploration and the development of society as a whole.

Brief biography of Grechko

Georgy was born on May 25, 1931 in Leningrad. His mother, a native of Belarus, worked as a chief engineer at a plant. Father is a junior researcher, originally from the Chernigov region of Ukraine. In his son, he saw a continuation of his profession, and dreamed that George would also study science. However, his son's character indicated that he would achieve more.

Childhood and youth

There was no carefree childhood, because when he was 10 years old, the war began. For two years, the boy was sent to Ukraine to live with his grandmother, where he experienced all the hardships of life in the occupied territory. Returning, he continued to study and graduated from school in 1949.

Once, as a gift, he was presented with an album of stamps. This was the beginning of a lifelong passion – philately. The entire collection of collected stamps was dedicated to astronautics.

Georgy went on his first geological exploration expedition at the age of 16. This was the Arctic. However, most of all he was attracted by interplanetary travel. Reading many books on this topic, he believed that his dreams were destined to come true.

After graduating from school, Georgy entered the Leningrad Mechanical Institute, which he successfully graduated in 1955. He was assigned to the design bureau named after. S. Korolev, where he defended his diploma.

Brief overview of life milestones - video:

With the choice of such a career path, life forever became connected with aircraft: rockets, spacecraft for launch into orbit.

Enrollment in the cosmonaut corps

The acquired technical knowledge and existing enthusiasm allowed Georgiy to participate in the development of rocket and other aircraft projects.

Later he is placed at the head of a group of future test cosmonauts. April 1968 brings tester status, and May brings enrollment into the cosmonaut corps.

Interesting: the first cosmonauts were recruited from among military pilots. However, according to S.P. Korolev, it was necessary to partially involve civilians. Often the choice fell on OKB-1 employees, as happened with Grechko.

For some time, the young man was in the reserve - he broke his leg in an accident. After this, long, exhausting training began, improving existing knowledge and acquiring precious experience.

According to the program existing at that time, the astronaut was preparing for a flight to the Moon. However, this program was soon closed, and he began to be trained to pilot Soyuz-type ships. This also included theoretical and practical issues of working at orbital stations such as Salyut.

The results of this preparation were the inclusion of Georgy Mikhailovich in the reserve composition of Soyuz-9 in June 1970 and Soyuz-12 in 1973.

As time went. The moment of real work has arrived, towards which Grechko has been working all the previous years. April 10, 1975 was the day when he made his first space flight on the Soyuz-17 spacecraft with flight engineer Alexei Gubarev. After being in orbit for 29 days, their ship landed on February 9.

Flights into space

During his working life he committed 3 space flight. Their total duration was 134 days and 20 hours. Was open exit into space lasting an hour and 28 minutes. a brief description of flights are presented in the table:

The first flight included astrophysical research to study the Sun and planets, taking into account a wide range of electromagnetic radiation options.

During the flight, Grechko received an official reprimand for unauthorizedly fixing a malfunction of the telescope (as an unplanned action). This flight had a difficult end as gusty winds arose during landing. As a result, Gubarev was left with a spinal injury, and Grechko received a fracture of his lower limb.

A special feature of the second flight was a spacewalk. It happened on December 20th. The goal was to determine the quality of the station's docking. IN outer space 1 hour and 28 minutes were spent. At the same time, the goal was to test new type spacesuits with a six-hour supply of oxygen.

It was for his first two flights that Georgy Grechko was twice awarded the title of Hero of the USSR.

The third flight was also special: the cosmonaut completed it at the age of 54, which became a personal achievement.

Subsequently, the astronaut was included in preparations for international flights. 1984 - he is a backup for the Soviet-Indian crew of the Soyuz T-11.

In 1988, Grechko was asked to prepare for the next flight. However, he did not dare to continue such a career. After leaving the cosmonaut corps, he began working at the Institute of Atmosphere of the Russian Academy of Sciences. The existing store of theoretical and practical knowledge made it possible to quickly protect doctoral dissertation.

Other work

G. M. Grechko was a man of broad outlook and active energy. After finishing his space career, he could not rest on his laurels. His subsequent work biography was of a creative nature.

He is an active consultant to space film makers:

"Purple Ball";
"Under the constellation Gemini";
“Should we send...a messenger”;
autobiographical documentary stories “Georgy Grechko. Trajectory of Fate" and "Georgy Grechko. I've been in space, I believe in God."

As a result of cooperation with the Kultura TV channel, a series of films about the Moon and other planets was released.

In 1977-1990 he acted as the host of the program “This Fantastic World”, the heroes of which are science fiction writers.

Life for such an active person could not consist only in passive observation of events. In 2006, he was offered to go on an expedition to Sinai in Egypt. The goal is to search for the “cave of Moses” and the “white disc-shaped object.” Georgy Grechko takes part in it with pleasure.

Another four years later - a visit to the village of Chapel, which has the status of an anomalous zone.

He was also involved in ufological research. And in the last few years he was vice president of OTP Bank.

Collaboration with Alexey Gubarev later became the start of the filming of the popular science film “Business Trip to Orbit.”

1986-1992 - Grechko headed the laboratory of the Institute of Atmosphere of the USSR Academy of Sciences, after which he worked here as a leading researcher.

The question of religion was not unambiguous for Grechko, as the psychology of that era required. In his memoirs, the writing of which he took very seriously, he reflected on the existence of the relationship between science and religion.

It is interesting that, despite the atheistic views of her parents, one of the grandmothers dared to baptize her grandson in childhood. Later, the second grandmother repeated this action, not knowing about the previous one. That is why Georgy Mikhailovich jokingly said that he had two guardian angels in heaven.

By the way, the second half of this great man’s life became close to God, as evidenced by numerous meetings with clergy and discussions with them about his views on the Universe.

Family life

The personal life of the cosmonaut was not bland. There are three marriages in his biography:

with Nina Tutynina, engineer of the State Design Bureau of NPO Energia;
teacher foreign language Maya Kazekina;
and the chief physician of the Cosmonautics Federation Lyudmila Ovchinnikova.

From his second marriage, Grechko had two sons - Alexei and Mikhail. In the third marriage, a daughter, Olga, was born.

There was enough kindness and love for the whole family: three children and seven grandchildren, with whom Georgy Mikhailovich was always friendly.

He was not a boring, didactic father and grandfather. He loved skiing and scuba diving, and was interested in shooting and motorsports.

Lieutenant Colonel-Reserve Engineer Georgy Grechko had a candidate master of sports degree in motor sports, a second category in gliding, a third in aircraft sports, and a second in rifle and pistol shooting.

As a person who had been on the edge of the cognizable, he loved science fiction and wrote several books himself. The stories were mostly about space. The book “Cosmonaut No. 34. From the splinter to the aliens” became especially popular.

The Soviet state spared no rewards for its hero. For his work, as well as his contribution to the exploration of space and virgin lands, he received three Orders of Lenin, gold medals. Tsiolkovsky and them. Gagarin, several other medals.

On December 27, 2018 in Moscow on Khovanskaya street, 3 it was installed Memorial plaque Hero of the Soviet era, twice Hero of the USSR Georgy Grechko. The opening ceremony was attended by city authorities, famous colleagues of the pilot-cosmonaut, veterans, relatives and friends.

The famous Soviet cosmonaut, twice Hero of the Soviet Union Georgy Grechko died on Saturday in Moscow. The sad news was reported by his daughter Olga.

“Dad left today at 06:40 Moscow time in the 81st hospital named after. Veresaeva,” she said. According to her, death occurred “due to age and a significant range of chronic diseases.” At the time of the cosmonaut’s death, his wife Lyudmila Kirillovna was next to him.

Georgy Mikhailovich did not live only a month and a half before his 86th birthday. He is survived by three children and seven grandchildren.

Russian President Vladimir Putin expressed his deep condolences to the astronaut's family and friends.

Georgy Grechko was born on May 25, 1931 in Leningrad, where he spent his childhood. In 1941–1943 he lived in the occupied territory of Ukraine, after which he returned to Leningrad. In 1955 he graduated from the Leningrad Military Mechanical Institute, and since 1954 he worked at OKB-1 NII-88 (now RSC Energia). Since childhood, he was fond of science fiction, which predetermined his desire to join the cosmonaut corps.

Grechko became the 34th cosmonaut of the USSR and the 75th cosmonaut in the world (including US astronauts). He was in space three times, from 1975 to 1985. He set a record for his time - three months of continuous stay in orbit. He made his third flight at the age of 54 and for 13 years remained the oldest person to be in orbit.

He continued to work actively even after he stopped flying into orbit. From 1986 to 1992, he was the head of the laboratory of the Institute of Atmospheric Physics of the USSR Academy of Sciences. After that, from March 1992, he worked as a leading researcher at this institute. In the late 1990s – early 2000s, he held senior positions at Investsberbank (since 2008 – OTP Bank). In addition, Grechko was deputy chairman of the Soviet Peace Committee (1979 - 1992), chairman of the International Federation of Peace and Harmony (1993 - 1995), president of the North-West Interregional public organization Federation of Cosmonautics of the Russian Federation (2002 – 2008). He was the host of the program “This Fantastic World” on USSR television (1979 – 1990).

Grechko published more than 28 scientific works, defended his doctoral dissertation, wrote several popular science and fiction books, including the memoirs “Cosmonaut No. 34: From a Splinter to Aliens.” The astronaut had ranks in several sports. In 1998, he starred in the film “Should We Send... A Messenger?”, in which he played himself.

The cosmonaut was awarded two Gold Star medals of the Hero of the Soviet Union, three Orders of Lenin, medals “For Valiant Labor” and “For Merit in Space Exploration.”

Cosmonaut Georgy Grechko died

MOSCOW, April 8 – RIA Novosti. On the night of April 8, cosmonaut Georgy Grechko died. He had previously been hospitalized with a suspected stroke. He would have turned 86 on May 25.

“On the night of April 8, at the 86th year of his life, pilot-cosmonaut of the USSR, twice Hero of the Soviet Union, engineer and cosmonaut of OKB-1 - TsKBEM - NPO Energia, Georgy Mikhailovich Grechko, died,” the message says.

Georgy Grechko was born on May 25, 1931 in Leningrad. In 1975 he made his first flight on spaceship"Soyuz-17" as a flight engineer. In total, Grechko has three flights and one spacewalk.

Georgy Grechko with his wife

“The editors of MK expresses condolences to the family and friends of Georgy Mikhailovich and everyone who knew him. His life and fate are inseparable from the history of Russian cosmonautics,” the message says.

As MK previously wrote, on Thursday night Grechko felt unwell and was hospitalized with a suspected stroke. Suspicions were not confirmed - the reason for the deterioration in health was called low blood pressure. On April 7, Grechko was discharged from the hospital.

Georgy Mikhailovich flew into space three times - in 1975, 1978 and 1985. He made his last flight at the age of 54. Grechko is twice Hero of the Soviet Union. Since May 1986. Grechko worked at the Institute of Biosphere Physics of the Russian Academy of Sciences. He was also a master of sports in motorsport.

10 rules of life by Georgy Grechko

-I look younger, perhaps because I always worked like hell and tried to live an interesting life

Every long flight takes a year off your life.

I never considered myself completely healthy

I lived by the clock for almost 20 years

I left the detachment not for health reasons, but of my own free will. Because I was offended

I divided the tests (for astronauts) into two categories: difficult and nasty

You need to take risks in life. I took a risk. Everything worked out fine

I often argued with myself

I would make all the same mistakes I made in life, only faster. To have time to do others

You live in peace until you are 75 years old. Health, of course, is not the same, but it is tolerable, and after that the person becomes so weak that life becomes very difficult

Biography of Georgy Grechko

Georgy Mikhailovich Grechko was born on May 25, 1931 in Leningrad (now St. Petersburg) into the family of an employee. He spent his childhood and school years in Leningrad.

In 1941, a week before the start of the Great Patriotic War his parents sent him on vacation to his grandmother in Ukraine. He spent two years under occupation. In 1943 he returned to Leningrad.

As a schoolboy, in 1947, Georgy Grechko participated in the work of a polar geological exploration party on the Kola Peninsula.

Graduated in 1949 high school in Leningrad, in 1955 - with honors from the Leningrad Military Mechanical Institute (Voenmekh).

He defended his diploma project at the Korolev design bureau (OKB-1 NII-88 of the USSR Ministry of Defense, later renamed OKB-1, then at the Central Design Bureau of Experimental Mechanical Engineering (TsKBEM), later at NPO ENERGY, now RSC Energia named after S. .P. Korolev) in Kaliningrad (since 1996 - Korolev) in the Moscow region and was assigned there after graduating from the institute. He worked at the enterprise since 1955 as an engineer, since 1959 as a senior engineer, and since 1961 as a group leader. Georgy Grechko participated in the launch of the world's first artificial satellite Earth, took part in the preparation and launch of many Soviet spacecraft.

In May 1966, he was enlisted in the 731st department (cosmonaut corps) of the TsKBEM as the head of a group of test cosmonaut candidates. In April 1968, he was appointed tester in the same department. In May of the same year he was enrolled in the TsKBEM cosmonaut corps.

Georgy Grechko passed full course general space training. Prepared as part of a group for flights along the Soviet lunar program, after the closure of which he was transferred to training for flights on Soyuz-type spacecraft and Salyut-type orbital stations. In June 1970, he was part of the backup crew during the flight of the Soyuz-9 spacecraft, and in September 1973, he was part of the backup crew during the flight of the Soyuz-12 spacecraft.

Georgy Grechko made his first space flight on January 10 - February 9, 1975, together with Alexei Gubarev, as a flight engineer of the Soyuz-17 spacecraft and the Salyut-4 orbital complex - Soyuz-17 (call sign - Zenit-2) ). The flight duration was 29 days 13 hours 19 minutes 45 seconds.

He made his second space flight on December 10, 1977 - March 16, 1978, together with Yuri Romanenko as a flight engineer of the Soyuz-26 spacecraft and the Salyut-6 orbital complex - Soyuz-26 (call sign - "Taimyr-2") . During the flight on board the complex on December 20, 1977, he performed a spacewalk, during which he inspected and assessed the performance of one of the station's docking nodes. The work in outer space took one hour and 28 minutes.

The flight duration was 96 days, 10 hours, seven seconds.

Subsequently, Georgy Grechko trained for international space flights. In April 1984, he was part of the backup Soviet-Indian crew during the flight of the Soyuz T-11 spacecraft.

Grechko went on his third space flight on September 17, 1985 as a flight engineer of the Soyuz T-14 spacecraft under the short-term flight program during a shift change at the Salyut-7 station. On September 26, 1985, he returned to Earth on the Soyuz T-13 spacecraft. The flight duration was eight days 21 hours 13 minutes. In just three flights into space, Grechko flew 134 days, 21 hours, 32 minutes, 52 seconds.

The result scientific research and the unique experiments he conducted at the orbital station, was the development of the hypothesis about the thin layered structure of the Earth’s atmosphere.

After leaving the cosmonaut corps in 1986, he was transferred from NPO Energia to the Institute of Atmospheric Physics of the USSR Academy of Sciences. From July 1986 to March 1992, he was an instructor-test cosmonaut, 1st class, at the Institute of Atmospheric Physics of the USSR Academy of Sciences, and head of the laboratory for "Research of the Earth's atmosphere by space means."

From 1992 to 1997 he worked as a leading researcher at the Institute of Atmospheric Physics of the Russian Academy of Sciences.

Since 1997, he was Deputy Chairman of the Supervisory Board of the Investment and Savings Bank.

In 2007, he was elected a member of the board of directors of OJSC Investsberbank (since 2008 - OJSC OTP Bank).

Simultaneously with scientific and engineering activities Georgy Grechko was engaged in social work. He was the chairman of the USSR Alpine Skiing Federation and the chairman of the USSR Motor Sports Federation.

In 1979-1992 he was deputy chairman of the Soviet Peace Committee, and in 1993-1994 - chairman of the Federation of Peace and Harmony (UN advisory body). In 2002-2008 - President of the North-Western Interregional Public Organization of the Russian Cosmonautics Federation, Honorary President of the Association of Planetariums of Russia.

From 1979 to 1990 he was the host of the television program It's a Fantastic World. The program was a series of television adaptations of works by famous Soviet and foreign science fiction writers.

Georgy Grechko - Doctor of Physical and Mathematical Sciences (1984), pilot-cosmonaut of the USSR (1975), instructor-test cosmonaut 1st class (1978), twice Hero of the Soviet Union (1975, 1978), Hero of the Czechoslovak Socialist Republic (1978) . Awarded three Orders of Lenin (1975, 1978, 1985), the Czechoslovak Order of Klement Gottwald (1978), the Indian Order of Kirti Chakra (1984), medals, including “For Merit in Space Exploration” (2011), has awards from public organizations .

Laureate of the State Prize of the Ukrainian SSR and the State Prize of the Estonian SSR.

Grechko is a full member of the International Academy of Astronautics and an academician of the International Academy of Science and Business.

Honorary citizen of the cities of Kaluga, Angarsk (Russia), Dzhezkazgan, Arkalyk (Kazakhstan), Prague (Czech Republic), Varna (Bulgaria) and others.

RIGA, April 8 – Sputnik. On Saturday night, at the age of 85, cosmonaut, twice Hero of the Soviet Union Georgy Grechko died, RIA Novosti reports.

Biography

Russian cosmonaut Georgy Mikhailovich Grechko was born on May 25, 1931 in Leningrad (now St. Petersburg) into the family of an employee. He spent his childhood and school years in Leningrad. In 1941, a week before the start of World War II, his parents sent him on vacation to his grandmother in Ukraine. He spent two years under occupation. In 1943 he returned to Leningrad.

As a schoolboy, in 1947, Georgy Grechko participated in the work of a polar geological exploration party on the Kola Peninsula.

In 1949 he graduated from high school in Leningrad, in 1955 - with honors from the Leningrad Military Mechanical Institute (Voenmekh).

He worked at the Central Design Bureau of Experimental Mechanical Engineering (TsKBEM) as an engineer since 1955, as a senior engineer since 1959, and as a group leader since 1961. Georgy Grechko participated in the launch of the world's first artificial Earth satellite, and took part in the preparation and launch of many Soviet spacecraft.

Georgy Grechko completed a full course of general space training. He prepared as part of a group for flights under the Soviet lunar program, after the closure of which he was transferred to training for flights on Soyuz-type spacecraft and Salyut-type orbital stations. In June 1970, he was part of the backup crew during the flight of the Soyuz-9 spacecraft, and in September 1973, he was part of the backup crew during the flight of the Soyuz-12 spacecraft.

Subsequently, Georgy Grechko trained for international space flights. In April 1984, he was part of the backup Soviet-Indian crew during the flight of the Soyuz T-11 spacecraft.

The result of scientific research and unique experiments carried out by him at the orbital station was the development of a hypothesis about the thin layered structure of the Earth's atmosphere.

From 1992 to 1997 he worked as a leading researcher at the Institute of Atmospheric Physics of the Russian Academy of Sciences.

Since 1997, he was Deputy Chairman of the Supervisory Board of the Investment and Savings Bank.

In 2007, he was elected a member of the board of directors of OJSC Investsberbank.

Georgy Grechko is the author of 28 scientific articles, published in domestic and foreign magazines, the brochure “Start into the Unknown”, the book “Cosmonaut No. 34. From the splinter to the aliens”, co-author of the book “In the Frame - the Planet”. Together with cosmonaut Alexei Gubarev, he filmed the popular science film “Business Trip to Orbit” at the Salyut-4 station.

From 1979 to 1990 he was the host of the television program It's a Fantastic World. The program was a series of television adaptations of works by famous Soviet and foreign science fiction writers.

Laureate of the State Prize of the Ukrainian SSR and the State Prize of the Estonian SSR.

Grechko is a full member of the International Academy of Astronautics and an academician of the International Academy of Science and Business.

Honorary citizen of the cities of Kaluga, Angarsk (Russia), Dzhezkazgan, Arkalyk (Kazakhstan), Prague (Czech Republic), Varna (Bulgaria).