Budget places in universities statistics by year. Free education: how to assess your chances of enrolling on a budget. Pricing strategies of universities in an economic downturn
The phrase “free education” has long been turned into a humorous expression. In the new socio-economic conditions in which our country has lived since 1991, the right to study exists, but no one guarantees that such services will be provided completely free of charge.
Let's consider the question of the right to such training at a university.
So, is there hope for today's school leavers?
Of course, there is such hope. Many of this year's and next year's graduates will study at budget places ah, to receive a long-awaited scholarship. Many, but not all.
After all, completely free education in the Russian Federation is provided only in schools, and even then there are paid additional educational services. It is also possible to study for free in colleges and universities, but not everyone who wishes ends up in such places.
If you have a benefit (you are disabled, an orphan, the son or daughter of a Hero of Russia), then it is easier for you to get into a university on a budget-funded place, but if you are not among the beneficiaries, everything becomes much more complicated, and you enroll on a general basis.
But it is very, very difficult to enter a university on a budget-funded place on a general basis.
But more about everything.
All about budget places in universities
Every year the Ministry of Education determines the number of budget places in our country. As you know, such places assume that an applicant admitted to a university will receive his education completely free of charge (that is, without investing his personal funds in it), and the state itself will also pay him a small financial incentive (in other words, a scholarship) .
However, if the applicant does not score enough points to be admitted to a budget-funded place, he can study in a paid department, paying a certain fee for his studies at the university every semester (naturally, he will not receive any scholarship).
It would seem that budget places in universities are truly free education. However, everything is not as simple as it seems at first glance.
After all, then our education system would be simply ideal, but this is far from the case.
Number of budget places
The number of budget places is calculated based on the number of school graduates. It is equal to approximately half of all eleventh graders in the country who graduate from the high school.
At the same time, not every second school graduate ends up enrolling in a state-funded place at a university, because in addition to yesterday’s schoolchildren, there are also college graduates, as well as graduates of previous years. As a result, throughout the country the competition for budget places is on average 4-5 people per place. For some specialties there is less competition, for others it is many times greater and reaches 20-30 people per budget place.
It all depends on the prestige of a particular specialty.
Therefore, with such “arithmetic”, getting a free education at a university becomes much more difficult.
Number of budget places in full-time and part-time departments
It should be noted that the number of budget places in full-time and part-time departments, as a rule, differs. Universities distribute a larger number of places to full-time departments, extramural- less.
It also happens that correspondence education It's impossible to get it for free at all. There are specialties in universities, but they are completely transferred to a paid basis.
The only thing that can be advised to an applicant is to collect as much as possible useful information. Already in the spring, the exact number of budget places is always known. All universities have their own websites, where you can always find a page for applicants. The appointment plan is always posted on this page.
Hence the advice - if you want to get a free education, make every effort to achieve your goal. Find out in advance the number of budget places for a particular educational profile and calculate your strength.
What specialties can you enroll in for free?
There are quite a large number of specialties in universities that are considered non-prestigious, so there is little competition for them.
Trends, of course, change over time, but in general such professions always exist.
For example, every fifth or sixth large university has teaching specialties that require training with the qualification “Russian language teacher.” And there is another department, after graduating from which you can get a diploma not as a teacher, but as a philologist or journalist. Of course, the last two professions are considered more prestigious, and therefore there is more competition for the budget for them.
The same can be said for other professions: livestock specialist, sociocultural specialist, librarian, etc. Here, it will not be at all difficult for a school graduate with an average Unified State Examination score to get a government-funded place.
But, for example, becoming a lawyer or economist for free will be much more difficult. And a specialist in international law- and even more so...
What is a target location?
However, there is another option for free. It is connected with admission to the so-called “target” place.
What is it about? The fact that an agreement is concluded between the employer of a potential applicant and the university, according to which the employer pays for the training of a young student, and then he has the right to demand that the specialist work for him for a certain number of years. Often such an employer is the state itself, represented by ministries and departments that need specialists of a certain type of training.
For example, a federal subject needs doctors (there is currently an acute shortage of them). A quota of 30-70 target places is allocated for this subject. and studies on an equal basis with other students, however, after receiving a diploma, he is required to work for several years in government medical institutions that subject, thanks to whom he received his target place.
Otherwise, the student is obliged to reimburse the state for the costs of his studies in full.
Is it possible to get professional retraining for free?
Some young people who already have higher education, over time they realize that the profession does not suit them.
But they have already received higher education for free once in their lives. They have a need to undergo professional retraining to engage in a new type of professional activity.
Is this possible? Yes, it’s possible, but if budget places in universities are still available, then additional professional education is offered exclusively as a paid type of educational service. Therefore, such a person, in fact, has two ways to solve his problem.
First solution: pay for your own education.
Second solution: try to have the employer pay for it.
In fact, there are cases when employers are interested in improving the level of professional skills of their employees and even giving them the opportunity to gain the right to engage in a new type of professional activity.
This can be used to obtain a diploma professional retraining for free.
Is it possible to get a second higher education without paying?
Unfortunately, according to the law on education of our country, it is impossible to obtain a second free education at a university. The state guarantees only one education. Let’s make it clear right away that we are not talking about continuing education, for example, in a master’s or graduate school.
But, alas, it is no longer possible to study for a bachelor’s degree twice for free or to study for a master’s degree twice. This applies even to those cases where the first higher education was paid.
Is it possible to transfer from a paid branch to a free one?
Many students who enroll in paid departments of universities, sparing their financial resources, and sometimes simply not having enough of them, strive to transfer from a paid department to a free one.
Thus, they want to get higher education for free, just starting not from the 1st year, but a little higher.
Is this possible?
In general, this is possible, but there are certain nuances that you need to know.
Firstly, a paying student can get a budget place only if there are vacant budget places at the university. Simply put, if one of the state-funded students was expelled. Next, it is necessary that its translation be agreed upon with the curator of the group, the dean of the faculty. Many universities prescribe rules for transferring from a paid department to a budget one, indicating that such a student candidate for a budget place must be an excellent student or a good student, must show himself with the best side, his teachers should speak positively about him, etc.
If you received secondary education for free, is it possible to enter a university on a budget?
Yes, such a procedure is possible. Secondary specialized and secondary vocational education will not hurt young man continue your studies at a higher educational institution. Moreover, college graduates today have an opportunity that school graduates are deprived of: they can enter universities without the Unified State Exam, passing only entrance exams.
Moreover, practice shows that such applicants receive higher scores on entrance exams than school graduates, so they are more likely to get a budget place.
What can help an applicant get a budget place?
Well, firstly, good knowledge in the field of the sciences that he will have to study. A high Unified State Examination for a modern school graduate is a “real ticket” not only to a budget place, but also to a prestigious university.
Secondly, the applicant needs to show real ingenuity, study carefully all the specialties that are offered at universities, find out what the competition is for these specialties, etc.
Thirdly, the applicant must be well aware of his rights. Nowadays it is not uncommon for members admissions committees At the request of university leaders, they refuse to accept documents for budget-funded education for far-fetched reasons. This is done in order to prevent budget training"people from the street." Therefore, the applicant himself and his parents must firmly know all their rights and be able to defend them.
Are there other ways to get a budget place?
Basically, all the ways to a budget place have been listed above. There are, however, several more ways. For example, there are free competitions of the Ministry of Education. The prize for winning them is often the right to a budget-funded place at a particular university. also in in rare cases A university can accept a promising student not for a budget-funded place, but for a place that it will finance from its own internal funds.
Thus, in general, everything depends on the will of the heads of universities themselves and the executive secretary of the admissions committee.
What conclusions can be drawn?
Based on the above, we can conclude that getting education for free in modern conditions Maybe. However, this requires a lot of effort. You also need to have high academic performance and be able to focus on modern market labor, wisely choose a suitable specialty and a suitable university.
In fact, today, despite significant achievements of progress, it is just as difficult for a person who dreams of knowledge and an academic degree to prove his worth as in the time of M.V. Lomonosov. What did the Russian genius go through to get the proper degree of education: hardships, hunger, and cold. Meanwhile, he also studied at government expense, that is, speaking modern language, occupied a budget place.
His example proves that anyone who wants to learn can get a higher education for free. Therefore, everything is in our hands: our successes and our failures. You just need to boldly move forward and not be afraid of anything.
This year it will be easier for school graduates to enter universities.
For future first-year students, the number of budget places in bachelor's and specialty programs has been increased. If this academic year (2017-2018) universities received 298 thousand places for bachelors and 70 for specialists, then in 2018-2019 bachelor’s will receive 315 thousand places, and specialty – 75 thousand. 208 thousand budget places were allocated to master's programs, which is 3 thousand more than a year earlier.
The most big number will receive free places on a budget pedagogical faculties and pedagogical universities, IT areas, agricultural and medical universities. Which specialties will have the fewest budget places? "Nursing", "Weapons and Weapon Systems", "Art Studies", "Theology", "Performing Arts and Literary Creativity".
The Ministry continues to support engineering, paying special attention to IT technologies, mining, production of aviation and rocket and space technology, light industry, nanotechnology and management of technical systems, emphasized Minister of Education and Science Olga Vasilyeva at the investment forum in Sochi.
According to her, 45 thousand people will be accepted into teacher education programs this year.
A feature of recent years is interest in agricultural and veterinary specialties. Rector of the Moscow State Academy of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnology named after. Skryabin Fedor Vasilevich told RG that school graduates are especially attracted to new areas related to genetics, genomics, and biotechnology.
A new specialty has appeared at the Faculty of Zootechnology and Agribusiness - nutriogenomics, where the molecular mechanisms of the effect of food on changes in animal genes are studied. The academy has created a laboratory of molecular genetics and genomics of birds, which meets European standards, explained the rector.
A new direction in “commodity research of veterinary and biological drugs” has appeared in the bachelor’s degree, and a module “furriery” is offered. Academy graduates receive knowledge that allows them to work in the field of genetic engineering, creating transgenic organisms with new properties, and monitoring changes in heredity in animals. These are the areas in demand today. As well as research into the creation of immunobiological drugs - vaccines and serums common to humans and animals.
One of the large companies selling fertilizers, pesticides and seeds clarified that they need general agronomists, specialists in the maintenance and repair of equipment, including robots. Salary is discussed with each individual individually. Livestock specialists needed. They are offered 25-30 thousand rubles a month. There are proposals, for example, in Smolensk region, for 70 thousand rubles plus office housing. At the large Bryansk meat processing enterprise, veterinary paramedics and doctors, animal engineers, and feed preparation section engineers are very welcome.
Universities offer new programs: “Internet of Things and Cyber-Physical Systems”, “Sports Diplomacy”, “Medieval Studies”
Information for future teachers: two new divisions are opening at the undergraduate level of the Moscow State Pedagogical University (MPGU) - the Institute of International Education and graduate School education. What programs will be the most popular at the university this year?
Firstly, all programs related to inclusive education. For example, primary education and special education; preschool education and special pedagogy; Russian language and inclusive education; typhlopedagogy and others. Secondly, programs related to family values, including family education, the psychology of parent-child relationships,” Olga Knyazeva, head of the department for organizing admissions to Moscow State Pedagogical University, told RG.
Infographics "RG" / Mikhail Shipov / Irina Ivoilova
As before, applicants are willing to study foreign languages, including Chinese. Enrollment for the program "Fundamental Physics (in English)" will continue.
In 2017, we accepted 84 thousand applications for all forms of education, of which Teacher Education- three and a half thousand applications. This year, I think, there will be no less,” Olga Knyazeva is sure.
This year, the Moscow City Pedagogical University offers about 200 undergraduate and graduate programs. According to Vice-Rector Dmitry Agranat, the biggest competition usually occurs in programs related to foreign languages. The competition for history and mathematics has grown. Very in demand pedagogical specialties with two training profiles. This year, 254 budget places have been allocated for them.
In addition to traditional areas, the university offers, for example, the specialty “Organization of Work with Youth,” “Adaptive Physical Education,” and “Socio-Cultural Activities.” Future freshmen need to know: starting from this year, in many university programs, students will be able to choose the modules to study themselves. For example, a future political scientist may choose economic or psychological modules. A student can have up to 30 percent of such elective classes.
What kind of teachers are needed most in schools? Philologists are teachers of Russian and foreign languages, mathematics, physical education, and primary school.
New programs in master's programs at universities:
"Internet of Things and Cyber-Physical Systems" - HSE
"Medieval Studies" - HSE
"Languages and Cultures of Africa" - St. Petersburg State University
"Urban real estate and territorial development" - St. Petersburg State University
"Sports Diplomacy" - MGIMO
"Industry marketing of goods and services" - MGIMO
"International humanitarian cooperation and external relations of regions" - MGIMO
Infographics "RG" / Mikhail Shipov / Irina Ivoilova
Meanwhile
Students named the best and most worst universities. Among the leaders are MEPhI, Law University. Kutafina and MGIMO.
The results of a study of universities based on the opinions of students and their reviews on the Internet (the so-called Internet leaks) have become known. MEPhI and Moscow State University received the most positive reviews law university them. Kutafina, MGIMO, St. Petersburg State University, RANEPA, Plekhanov Russian University of Economics, Russian State University oil and gas named after. Gubkina, Financial University under the Government, MSLU, LETI.
MAI and St. Petersburg State University received the most negative feedback from students the University of Economics, UrFU named after. Yeltsin.
So, what do students like most about their university? Professionalism, interest of teachers, rich student life, good hostel, justified expectations from the university, good practice, high reputation of the university and position in the ranking. By the way, the new ranking “Three Missions of the University” includes 13 Russian universities in the top 200. Including those that students called the best.
But this is why the university receives negative feedback from students: boring, useless lectures, weak students, corruption, problems with the dormitory, incompetence of the dean's office staff.
What worries students most? In the first place - the professionalism and interest of teachers, in the second - the quality of lectures, seminars, the availability of master classes, practices, in the third - student life and the atmosphere at the university, in the fourth - the quality and comfort in the hostel, in the fifth - the location of the university. In the last positions (18th, 19th and 20th places) are canteens, scholarships and the cost of studying.
The budget in 2018 is still a test. There is a lot of information on the Internet on this issue; it is located on the websites of universities and other official sources. To help you figure it out, we've collected all the data in one article. In front of you step-by-step instruction, which will help you assess your chances of free education.
In Russia, the state pays for about 50% of places in universities
Step 1. Find out how many free places there are
Every state university is obliged to allocate places on a budgetary basis. The number of places in the free department depends on the popularity of the faculty and specialty. And you can get a budget-funded higher education not only at Moscow universities. In some, the number of free places reaches 1.5-2 thousand. For example, in Belgorod, Voronezh, Volgograd, Kirov, Rostov-on-Don, Irkutsk, Krasnodar, Chelyabinsk and other Russian cities.
Step 2. Understanding the terms
Let's consider the concepts without which it is difficult to assess your chances of admission:
- minimum threshold of Unified State Exam scores;
- minimum number of points for admission;
- passing score for universities.
What is the threshold score?
To receive a certificate, you must score a certain number of points in each subject. Here's what it was like in 2017:
- Russian language - 36 points;
- mathematics - 27 points;
- social studies - 42 points;
- computer science - 40 points;
- foreign language- 22 points.
For example, you chose to passing the Unified State Exam foreign language, then you need to score 36 points in Russian, 27 in mathematics and 22 in a foreign language - a total of 85 points. In theory, this is enough to apply to a university. But in practice, this is very little to enroll in a free department.
What is the minimum score?
Each university sets its own minimum number of Unified State Exam points for admission. Many technical schools are not ready to accept those who scored less than 50 points in mathematics. Humanitarian - put forward increased demands on languages.
What is a passing score?
The passing score depends on the Unified State Exam results with which applicants were admitted last year. The result of the last lucky winner, who entered the budget with a minimum number of points, is especially important.
Example. 200 people wanted to enroll, but there were 50 budget places. The student with the lowest score is considered passing. For example, with 150 points, despite the fact that the rest had a higher score.
The average Unified State Exam score in 2017 was 68.2
Step 3. Select a university based on passing score
If you can estimate what score you will get on the Unified State Exam, then it’s time to select a suitable university. By the way, trial exams are a good way to assess your chances.
All universities with free places, they are also called budgetary institutions higher education, for convenience we will divide into three categories:
- the most popular, or top;
- average;
- unpopular.
Typically, top universities set higher requirements, while others lower the bar in order to attract applicants. Let's look at the passing scores of universities in all three categories in 2017.
If your GPA is above 85: passing grades at popular universities
Conclusion. For admission to top universities GPA The Unified State Examination must be above 80-85. It’s difficult to be among such excellent students, don’t you agree? If you are not sure of good results, consider schools with less stringent requirements.
If your average score is from 65 to 80 points: passing scores in secondary universities
Conclusion. With an average Unified State Exam score of 65-80 in 2017, it was possible to enter budgetary and leading regional universities.
If your GPA is 55-65 points: passing grades at unpopular universities
Conclusion.If you score less than 65, don't panic. Admission scores for many regional universities are below this level. And today you can get a good higher education not only in the capitals.
Step 4. Assess your chances by the number of points
280-300 points- the best universities in the country, any specialties.
200-250 points- popular universities, specialties: linguistics, foreign language, law, economics, management, healthcare, mathematics, physics.
200 points- secondary universities, specialties: computer science and Computer Engineering, pedagogy, chemistry and biotechnology, automation and control, electrical engineering, energy. Or leading regional universities, any specialties.
150-200 points- secondary universities, specialties: geology, ecology, vehicles, agriculture and fisheries. Or unpopular universities, any specialties.
Less than 150 points- unpopular universities, some specialties.
Sometimes, even with a high score, you may not get into the coveted top twenty, but with a low score, by luck, you can enter the desired university. The main thing is to take every chance and don’t forget about backup options.
MOSCOW, July 1, 2018 – website, Valentin Fedorov. Russian high school graduates are expecting their last Unified State Exam results main wave. On July 4-5, the results of the unified state exams in the remaining subjects will be received, and applicants will begin to study at the country's universities. Of course, the majority hopes to enroll in budget places, and their number is of the greatest interest. How many budget places were provided to universities in 2018, will a change in the number of places on a budget increase the chances of admission - information portal site information.
The number of budget places in universities in 2018 will increase
This can be said unequivocally. The Ministry of Education and Science (while this department was still called that) confirmed in the spring that the number of budget places this year will increase.
As for the general figures for the country, different figures were announced at the end of February and beginning of April, which do not quite agree with each other.
So, February 26 edition of “ Russian newspaper” about what for 2018-2019 academic year Funding has been allocated for the following number of budget places in universities:
- 315 thousand – bachelor’s degree (versus 298 thousand last year),
- 75 thousand – specialty (versus 70 thousand a year earlier),
- 208 thousand – master’s degree (versus 205 thousand in 2017).
In total, this is 598 thousand educational places financed from the country’s budget. However, on April 11, the RIA Novosti publication, with reference to a report from the Government of the Russian Federation, provided slightly different figures. RIA about 514 thousand budget places in universities in 2018 and their growth compared to last year by 9 thousand.
The number of budget places this year is definitely higher than last year. This can also be judged by the huge number of messages from different cities of the country. Reports are coming from almost everywhere that the number of budget places in universities this year has increased compared to last year.
However, the increase in the number of publicly funded places in the highest educational institutions– there is no reason to rejoice and think that enrolling in a university in 2018 is easier than in 2017. The fact is that the number of 11th grade graduates in Russia this year is noticeably higher.
How will the chances of entering a university change with the increase in the number of budget places in 2018?
An increase in the number of budget places in the country’s higher educational institutions is nothing more than the government’s reaction to the growing number of school graduates. The generation of eleventh graders in 2017 was one of the smallest in last years. Already in 2018, the number of graduates begins to grow, so the number of budget places in educational institutions should also systematically increase.
The following statistics can be found on the official Unified State Exam portal. In 2017, about 703 thousand people took the Unified State Exam, of which 617 thousand were school graduates. In 2018, 731 thousand people already took part in the Unified State Examination, of which 645 thousand were graduates of the current year.
Thus, the number of graduates from previous years taking the Unified State Exam remained unchanged – 86 thousand. The overall increase in the number of people taking the Unified State Exam in 2018 is explained only by the increase in the number of graduates. There were 28 thousand more people compared to last year.
We noted above the inconsistency of official data on the number of budget places in Russian universities in 2018. Let’s take the February data from Rossiyskaya Gazeta as a guide, since they do not indicate the total number of such places in universities, but contain a breakdown into bachelor’s, specialist’s and master’s degrees. School graduates enroll in bachelor's and specialty programs, so we are interested in this data.
In 2017, for 703 thousand applicants to universities, there were 368 thousand budget places. Approximately 52.3% of applicants thus enrolled in “free” education. In 2018, there were 390 thousand budget places for 731 thousand applicants. Thus, such places will go to 53.4% of applicants.
In fact, in 2018 the chances of admission remain the same as in the past. It also makes sense for applicants to rely on the previous year as a guide for admission.
If you want to get a higher education completely free of charge, then you need to submit applications to universities with budget places. It is important to remember that the number of such places in each educational institution is limited. It is for this reason that Moscow universities with budget places for 2017-2018, passing scores, benefits and admission rules are one of the pressing problems for graduates and their parents.
It is already officially known that the list of such universities for 2017-2018 will be significantly reduced compared to last year; most likely, this figure will reach 40%. Every student, after graduating from school or another educational institution, has a completely legal right to continue his education.
That is why, in order to avoid getting into a dead end, experts and specialists strongly advise and encourage current graduates to find out all the points of interest about admission and budget places in the admissions committee.
But, in order to somehow make the task easier, let's look at the most popular higher education institutions in Moscow.
List of universities in Moscow.
- Moscow State University named after M.V. Lomonosov. The number of budget places for this year is 4,893, the minimum tuition fee per year is 8,000 rubles, the minimum passing score is 265.
- Moscow State Academic Art Institute named after V.I. Surikov - 127 budget places, minimum admission score 199, payment per year - 26,600 rubles.
- Russian Academy of Music named after. Gnessins - number of budget places - 197, minimum fee per year - 160,000 rubles, passing score - 263.
- Moscow State Technical University named after N.E. Bauman. The number of free budget places is 3,536, the minimum score is 263, the payment per year is 187,200 rubles.
- Moscow State Art and Industry Academy named after S.G. Stroganov. Number of budget places – 186, minimum passing score – 161, payment per year – 76,000 rubles
- Moscow University of the Ministry of Internal Affairs Russian Federation them. V.Ya.Kikotya. This information is provided only at the time of receipt.
- Russian National Research medical University named after N.I. Pirogov. Budget places - 1342, payment per year - 97,000 rubles, minimum passing score - 155.
- Moscow Architectural Institute (State Academy). Also, all information is only at the time of receipt.
- Russian Academy of Painting, Sculpture and Architecture by Ilya Glazunov. The number of free places is 63, payment per year is 97,500 rubles, the minimum passing score is 276.
- School-studio named after Vl.I.Nemirovich-Danchenko at the Moscow Art Theater named after. A.P. Chekhov. The number of budget places is 45, payment per year is 220,000 rubles, the minimum passing score is 276.
- Russian State University of Oil and Gas named after. I.M.Gubkina. The number of budget places is 611, the cost of training is 78,000 rubles, the minimum passing score is 160.
- Moscow state academy choreography. The number of free places is 30, the minimum passing score is 30, payment per year is 95,000 rubles.
- Russian International Academy of Tourism. There are no budget places available here, and the minimum tuition fee per year is 72,400 rubles.
- Russian Chemical-Technological University named after D.I. Mendeleev. The number of budget places is 1028, the minimum cost of training is 63,400 rubles, the minimum passing score is 177.
- Humanitarian Institute of Television and Radio Broadcasting named after. M.A. Litovchina. The number of budget places for this year has not yet been established, the minimum passing score is also unknown, but the payment is 73,800 rubles.
- Russian state Humanities University. The number of budget places is 902, payment is 82,000 rubles, passing score is 175.
- Moscow Technical University of Communications and Informatics. Budget places - 70, minimum tuition fee - 57,000 rubles, passing score - 156.
- Moscow State University of Culture and Art. Budget places – 1017, payment – 74,900 rubles, minimum passing score – 160.
- Russian State University physical culture, sports, youth and tourism. Passing score – 129, budget places – 183, payment per year – 96,000 rubles.
- Moscow state institute music named after A.G. Schnittke. Information becomes known at the time of application.
State Classical Academy named after. Maimonides. Budget places - 255, passing score - 124, payment - 115,600 rubles.
Moscow City Psychological and Pedagogical University. Budget places – 617, minimum passing score – 141, payment – 62,000.
As you can see, even from this small list the number of budget places in many educational institutions is minimal, and the payment is quite high. That is why, in order to become a student at a Moscow university, graduates will have to work hard.