Additional information about f and Tyutchev. Biography of F.I. Tyutcheva. Life and service
Fedor Ivanovich Tyutchev born on December 5 (new style) 1803 into an old noble family. He spent his childhood on the family estate - Ovstug, Oryol province, and his youth in Moscow. His tutor and first teacher was the poet and translator S.E. Raich. In Moscow, Tyutchev met future wise men (D. Venevitinov, V. Odoevsky, the Kireevsky brothers, A.N. Muravyov, M. Pogodin, S.P. Shevyrev), poets who were united by their enthusiastic pursuit of German philosophy.
In 1818, Tyutchev entered Moscow University and graduated earlier than expected - on his 18th birthday, in 1821.
During his years of study at the university, Tyutchev published a number of his poems - in the “Proceedings” of the Society of Lovers of Russian Literature and in the “Speeches and Reports” of Moscow University. After graduating from university, Tyutchev moved to St. Petersburg, where he entered the service of the College of Foreign Affairs. Soon he received an appointment to the Russian embassy in Bavaria and from 1822 he lived outside Russia - first in Munich, then in the Kingdom of Sardinia, in Turin, then, leaving the diplomatic service for a while, again in Munich. Abroad, Tyutchev translates German poets - Schiller, Heine, a number of excerpts from Goethe's Faust, writes original poems, some of which, warmly approved by Pushkin, were published in Sovremennik during the life of the great poet in 1836. Tyutchev’s poems were published in the same magazine later, until 1840.
Tyutchev returned to Russia with his family only in 1844. His diplomatic career was not particularly successful. His service did not bring him any rank or money, perhaps because the poet’s views on the fate of Russia and its role in European life did not coincide with the views of the then Minister of Foreign Affairs, Count Karl Nesselrode. In addition, Tyutchev, a brilliantly educated diplomat and an excellent publicist, probably did not have any special ambition that would have forced him to follow his career advancement.
But it is characteristic that, as both Tyutchev’s contemporaries and researchers of his work noted, he also showed rare indifference to the fate of his poetic works. “Virshi”, “empty idleness”, “insignificant poems” - that’s what he called his poems; he called himself a “rhyme maker.” According to A. Fet, Tyutchev “carefully avoided<...>even hints of his poetic activity.” For Tyutchev, as one modern researcher writes, “the act of creativity itself was important,” but he felt “a direct aversion to poetic glory.” This statement is directly confirmed by the fact that Tyutchev’s poems were published for quite a long time, until 1854, under the initials F.T.
For these reasons, Tyutchev, already the author of such poems as “I Love a Thunderstorm in Early May” and “What Are You Howling About, Night Wind,” remained an almost unknown poet in Russia. When a few years later N.A. Nekrasov writes an article about Tyutchev “Russian minor poets”, clarifying that “minor” refers not to the quality of poetry, but to the degree of its fame, then, in essence, he acts as the discoverer of the poet.
Only in 1854 was a collection of Tyutchev’s poems published as a supplement to the Sovremennik magazine, whose editor was N.A. Nekrasov, then - on the initiative and under the editorship of I.S. Turgenev, a separate edition of the poet's poems is published. Tyutchev's work becomes available to a wide range of readers, and his name becomes famous.
The flourishing of Tyutchev’s creativity is associated with these years; the poet experiences a high creative upsurge. In the 1850s a number of poems dedicated to E.A. were created. Deniseva, the so-called “Deniseva cycle” is the pinnacle of Tyutchev’s lyrics.
1860-1870s were overshadowed by heavy losses: in 1864 E.A. died. Denisyev, in 1865 - son and daughter, in the early 70s. - eldest son Dmitry and daughter Maria. After the death of E.A. Denisieva Tyutchev, in his words, “ceased to be among the living.” A life lost forever is one of the leitmotifs of his letters from the late 1860s to the early 70s. and his few lyrical works. During these years, the poet wrote mainly “in case” poems and political poems.
MAIN MOTIVES OF TYUTCHEV’S LYRICS
Researchers unanimously write about Tyutchev’s special place in poetry XIX century. A younger contemporary of Pushkin, who was largely influenced by those moods and ideas that worried the great poet, he creates his own unique poetic world, which revealed to his contemporaries a completely new vision of man and the world. Researchers of F. Tyutchev’s work rightly note the strong impact that the poet’s first collection of 1854 had on the poetry of the second half of the 19th century- beginning of the 20th century, based on the work of N.A. Nekrasov, A. Maykov, A. Tolstoy, A. Fet, Vl. Solovyov, A. Blok, Vyach. Ivanov, A. Akhmatova, and on the development of the central genre for Russian literature - the novel.
Turning to traditional poetic themes- life and death, the meaning of human existence, love, nature, the purpose of a poet, Tyutchev managed to give them a unique sound, to establish his understanding of these eternal problems.
Fyodor Ivanovich Tyutchev is an exclusively lyrical poet. He did not leave a single epic or dramatic work, except for small and few translations from foreign languages.
Fyodor Ivanovich Tyutchev, Russian poet, was born into a noble family on November 23, 1803. He was the youngest son of Ivan Nikolaevich and Ekaterina Lvovna Tyutchev. The poet’s small homeland is the village of Ovstug, Oryol province, Bryansk district.
The father of the future celebrity was kind, meek and respected by everyone. Ivan Nikolaevich was educated in St. Petersburg, in the prestigious noble school educational institution- The Greek Corps, founded by Catherine in honor of the birth of Grand Duke Konstantin Pavlovich.
His wife, Ekaterina Lvovna, nee Tolstaya, was raised by her relative, her aunt, Countess Osterman. The Tolstoy family, to which Ekaterina Lvovna belonged, was an old and noble one, and it also included the outstanding Russian writers Lev Nikolaevich and Alexey Konstantinovich Tolstoy.
Ekaterina Lvovna, Fedenka Tyutchev’s mother, was a graceful woman with a sensitive and gentle soul. Ekaterina Lvovna was very smart. It is possible that her intelligence, the ability to see beauty, to subtly feel the world, was inherited by her youngest son, the future famous Russian poet Fyodor Tyutchev.
His native estate, the Desna River, an ancient garden, linden alleys are wonderful places where the future poet grew up. Peace and harmony reigned in the Tyutchev family.
Fyodor Ivanovich received his initial education in his father's house. Tyutchev's home teacher, Raich, an expert and translator of Ariosto and Torquato-Tasso, awakened his poetic talent and in 1817, on his recommendation, Tyutchev was already elected a member of the Society of Lovers of Russian Literature for his translation from Horace.
The powerful influence of alien poetry was joined by the no less powerful influence of alien life and nature when, after graduating from Moscow University, Tyutchev in 1823 received an appointment as part of the Russian mission to Munich and left his homeland for 22 years. (In 1823, he was assigned as a supernumerary official to the mission in Munich, the capital of the then Bavarian kingdom, where he went at the end of that year). In Munich, he became interested in German idealistic philosophy and was familiar with Schelling. Tyutchev's friend in the Bavarian kingdom was Heinrich Heine.
In 1825, Fyodor Ivanovich was granted the rank of chamber cadet; in 1828 - appointed second secretary at the mission in Munich; in 1833 he departed as a diplomatic courier for Nauplia. Tyutchev's places of service changed in subsequent years.
In 1836, a notebook with Tyutchev’s poems, transported from Germany to Russia, fell into the hands of A.S. Pushkin. Alexander Sergeevich publishes the poet’s poems in his magazine “Sovremennik”.
Fyodor Ivanovich Tyutchev spent a significant part of his life (due to his choice of career) abroad, but in his soul he was always with Russia and did not lose his spiritual connection with his homeland.
In 1846, Tyutchev received a new appointment: to be special assignments under the State Chancellor.
In 1848, Fyodor Ivanovich became senior censor at the special office of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs.
On October 6, 1855, Tyutchev was appointed, by Imperial command, to be one of the members of the committee for the caesura review of the posthumous works of V.A. Zhukovsky prepared for publication.
Then, in 1857, he was promoted to full state councilor and appointed chairman of the St. Petersburg Committee of Foreign Censorship. In 1861 and 1863, Tyutchev became a holder of the Orders of St. Stanislav and St. Anna, first degrees, and was promoted to Privy Councilor in 1865.
Tyutchev’s first poems were published in 1826, in the almanac “Urania”, where three of his works were placed: “To Nysa”, “Song of the Scandinavian Warriors”, “Glimpse”.
Tyutchev's works were not immediately accepted by his contemporaries. But everything changed in 1854, after the publication of an article by I.S. Turgenev in Sovremennik. It was called: “A few words about the poems of F.I. Tyutchev.” In it, Turgenev called Tyutchev “one of our most remarkable poets, bequeathed to us by Pushkin’s greetings and approval.”
Two months after the publication of the article, all of Tyutchev’s works collected by the editors of Sovremennik were published as a separate book entitled: “Poems by F. Tyutchev. St. Petersburg, 1854,” and the editors stated that it “placed in this collection those poems that belong to the very first era of the poet’s activity, and now would probably be rejected by him.”
The second edition of Tyutchev’s poems was published in 1868, in St. Petersburg, under the following title: “Poems by F.I. Tyutchev. New (2nd) edition, supplemented by all poems written after 1854."
The 70s of the 19th century became some of the most difficult in the poet’s life. He loses loved ones, and this affects his poetic gift. Since 1873, the poet has been plagued by illnesses that he was never able to overcome. In May of the same year, a decision was made to transport Tyutchev to Tsarskoe Selo. Death occurred on July 15, 1873. On July 18, the Russian poet Fyodor Tyutchev was buried in St. Petersburg, at the Novodevichy cemetery.
Tyutchev's poems have been translated into German and published in Munich. The best analyzes of Tyutchev’s poems belong to N.A. Nekrasov and A.A. Fet.
Tyutchev was one of the most knowledgeable, educated, witty people of his time. He was and remains a great Russian poet, highly revered by his descendants.
Oh, how murderously we love,
We are most likely to destroy,
What is dear to our hearts!
How long ago, proud of my victory,
You said: she is mine...
A year has not passed - ask and find out,
What was left of her?
Where did the roses go?
The smile of the lips and the sparkle of the eyes?
Everything was scorched, tears burned out
With its flammable moisture.
Do you remember, when you met,
At the first fatal meeting,
Her magical gaze and speech,
And the laughter of a child is alive?
So what now? And where is all this?
And how long was the dream?
Alas, like northern summer,
He was a passing guest!
Fate's terrible sentence
Your love was for her
And undeserved shame
She laid down her life!
A life of renunciation, a life of suffering!
In her spiritual depths
She was left with memories...
But they changed them too.
And on earth she felt wild,
The charm is gone...
The crowd surged and trampled into the mud
What bloomed in her soul.
And what about the long torment?
How did she manage to save the ashes?
Pain, the evil pain of bitterness,
Pain without joy and without tears!
Oh, how murderously we love,
As in the violent blindness of passions
We are most likely to destroy,
What is dear to our hearts!
Afanasy Afanasyevich Fet (1820-1892)
Childhood
Afanasy Fet was born in Novoselki, a small estate located in the Mtsensk district of the Oryol province. His father is Johann Peter Wilhelm Feth, assessor of the city court in Darmstadt, and his mother is Charlotte Elisabeth Becker. Being seven months pregnant, she left her husband and secretly left for Russia with 45-year-old Afanasy Shenshin. When the boy was born, he was baptized according to the Orthodox rite and named Athanasius. He was recorded as the son of Shenshin. In 1822, Charlotte Elizabeth Fet converted to Orthodoxy and married Afanasy Shenshin.
Education
Afanasy received an excellent education. The talented boy found it easy to study. In 1837, he graduated from a private German boarding school in the city of Verro, in Estonia. Even then, Fet began to write poetry and showed interest in literature and classical philology. After school, in order to prepare for entering the university, he studied at the boarding house of Professor Pogodin, a writer, historian and journalist. In 1838, Afanasy Fet entered the law department, and then the philosophy department of Moscow University, where he studied in the historical and philological (verbal) department.
At the university, Afanasy became close to one of the students, Apollon Grigoriev, who was also interested in poetry. Together they began to attend a circle of students who were intensively studying philosophy and literature. With the participation of Grigoriev, Fet released his first collection of poems, “Lyrical Pantheon.” The young student’s creativity earned Belinsky’s approval. And Gogol spoke of him as “an undoubted talent.” This became a kind of “blessing” and inspired Afanasy Fet to further creativity. In 1842, his poems were published in many publications, including the popular magazines Otechestvennye zapiski and Moskvityanin. In 1844, Fet graduated from the university.
Military service
In 1845, Fet left Moscow and joined a provincial cuirassier regiment in southern Russia. Afanasy believed that military service will help him regain his lost noble title. A year after the start of his service, Fet received the rank of officer. In 1853 he was transferred to a guards regiment, which was stationed near St. Petersburg. He often visited the capital, met with Turgenev, Goncharov, Nekrasov, and became close to the editors of the popular magazine Sovremennik. In general, the poet’s military career was not very successful. In 1858, Fet retired, having risen to the rank of headquarters captain.
Love
During his years of service, the poet experienced a tragic love, which influenced all of his further work. The poet's beloved, Maria Lazic, was from a good but poor family, which served as an obstacle to their marriage. They broke up, and after some time the girl tragically died in a fire. The poet kept the memory of his unhappy love until his death.
Family life
At the age of 37, Afanasy Fet married Maria Botkina, the daughter of a wealthy tea merchant. His wife was not particularly young or beautiful. It was a marriage of convenience. Before the wedding, the poet revealed to the bride the truth about his origins, as well as about a certain “family curse” that could become a serious obstacle to their marriage. But Maria Botkina was not afraid of these confessions, and in 1857 they got married. A year later, Fet retired. He settled in Moscow and devoted himself to literary work. His family life was quite prosperous. Fet increased the fortune that Maria Botkina brought him. True, they did not have children. In 1867, Afanasy Fet was elected justice of the peace. He lived on his estate and led the lifestyle of a real landowner. Only after the return of his stepfather's surname and all the privileges that a hereditary nobleman could enjoy did the poet begin to work with renewed vigor.
Creation
Afanasy Fet left a significant mark on Russian literature. He published his first collection of poems, “Lyrical Pantheon,” while he was studying at the university. Fet's first poems were an attempt to escape reality. He sang the beauty of nature and wrote a lot about love. Even then, his work showed characteristic– he spoke about important and eternal concepts with hints, knew how to convey the subtlest shades of moods, awakening pure and bright emotions in readers.
After the tragic death of Maria Lazic, Fet's work took on a new direction. He dedicated the poem “Talisman” to his beloved. It is assumed that all subsequent poems by Fet about love are dedicated to it. In 1850, a second collection of his poems was published. It aroused the interest of critics, who did not skimp on positive reviews. At the same time, Fet was recognized as one of the best modern poets.
Afanasy Fet was a representative of “pure art”; he did not touch upon pressing social issues in his works and remained a convinced conservative and monarchist until the end of his life. In 1856, Fet published a third collection of poems. He praised beauty, considering this the only goal of his work.
The heavy blows of fate did not pass without a trace for the poet. He became bitter, broke off relations with friends, and almost stopped writing. In 1863, the poet published a two-volume collection of his poems, and then there was a twenty-year break in his work.
Only after the poet’s stepfather’s surname and the privileges of a hereditary nobleman were returned to him, he took up creativity with renewed vigor. Towards the end of his life, Afanasy Fet's poems became more and more philosophical; they contained metaphysical idealism. The poet wrote about the unity of man and the Universe, about the highest reality, about eternity. Between 1883 and 1891, Fet wrote more than three hundred poems, which were included in the collection “Evening Lights.” The poet published four editions of the collection, and the fifth was published after his death.
Death
Afanasy Fet died of a heart attack. Researchers of the poet's life and work are convinced that before his death he tried to commit suicide.
Main achievements
Afanasy Fet left behind a great creative heritage. Fet was recognized by his contemporaries, his poems were admired by Gogol, Belinsky, Turgenev, Nekrasov. In the fifties of his century, he was the most significant representative of poets who promoted “pure art” and sang “eternal values” and “absolute beauty.” The work of Afanasy Fet marked the completion of the poetry of new classicism. Fet is still considered one of the most brilliant poets of his time.
Great importance For Russian literature There are also translations by Afanasy Fet. He translated Goethe's entire Faust, as well as the works of a number of Latin poets: Horace, Juvenal, Catullus, Ovid, Virgil, Persius and others.
Important dates in life
1820, November 23 - born in the Novoselki estate, Oryol province
1834 - was deprived of all privileges of a hereditary nobleman, the Shenshin surname and Russian citizenship
1835-1837 – studied at a private German boarding school in the city of Verro
1838-1844 – studied at the university
1840 – the first collection of poems “Lyrical Pantheon” was published
1845 - entered the provincial cuirassier regiment in southern Russia
1846 - received the rank of officer
1850 - the second collection of poems “Poems” was published
1853 - joined the guards regiment
1856 - the third collection of poems was published
1857 - married Maria Botkina
1858 - retired
1863 - a two-volume collection of poems was published
1867 - elected justice of the peace
1873 - returned noble privileges and the surname Shenshin
1883 – 1891 – worked on the five-volume “Evening Lights”
1892, November 21 - died in Moscow from a heart attack. Cherished traits, you are again in front of me
And in an hour of mental anguish they instantly resurrected
Everything that was long, long ago, was lost by the soul.
Burning with the fire of shame, their eyes meet again
Just trust, hope and love,
And sincere words faded patterns
Blood is driven from my heart to my cheeks.
I am condemned by you, silent witnesses
The spring of my soul and the gloomy winter.
You are the same bright, holy, young,
Like in that terrible hour when we said goodbye.
And I trusted the treacherous sound, -
As if there is anything in the world outside of love!
I boldly pushed away the hand that was writing you,
I condemned myself to eternal separation
And with a cold feeling in his chest he set off on a long journey.
Why, with the same smile of tenderness?
Whisper to me about love, look into my eyes?
Even the voice of forgiveness will not resurrect the soul,
Even a burning tear will not wash away these lines.
Objective of the project:
- acquaintance of students with the facts of the biography of Tyutchev and Fet, with its reflection in poetic works;
- disclosure artistic features poetry of Tyutchev and Fet;
- comparison of the works of two poets, getting to know and reading the best works of poets.
February 2006
Study age: Grade 10
Presenters:
Evseeva Lyuda, Shubina Lyuba, Razuvaeva Tanya, Ilyainen Sasha, Tsytsareva Alesya, Bakhtilin Andrey
Readers:
Evseeva Luda, Shubina Lyuba, Ilyainen Sasha, Tsytsareva Alesya, Bakhtilin Andrey, Razuvaeva Tanya, Lavrinenko Irina, Radionov Vladislav, Morozova Yulia, Kondratov Sergey, Sabirova Alsou, Vardanyan Arsen, Lashunina Yulia, Kleoshkina Lida
Musical arrangement, photography:
Gatieva Alina
Design of wall newspapers: Maria Plotnikova, Maria Kolycheva
Selection of illustrative material: Evseeva Lyudmila, Kondratov Sergey
Living room decoration: Ilyainen Sasha, Evseeva Lyuda, Shubina Lyuba
Creating a presentation“Beloved women of F. Tyutchev and A. Fet”
Evseeva Lyudmila
Equipment:
- portraits of poets and beloved women;
- family portraits;
- book exhibition;
- tape recorder, cassettes;
- records of romances:
To the words of A.A. Fet “Don’t wake her up at dawn” (romance by P.I. Tchaikovsky);
- multimedia equipment;
Tyutchev Fedor Ivanovich
Teacher:
Flowing flames have always been a symbol of eternal fire, eternal memory those who are no longer with us, but whom we love and remember. The candles that we light today are in memory of such wonderful poets as Fyodor Ivanovich Tyutchev and Afanasy Afanasyevich Fet. Candles also symbolize the unquenchable spiritual energy, the undying impulse of the soul of these poets.
The epigraph of our meeting today will be the words of Afanasy Afanasyevich Fet: “Intensify the battle of fearless hearts.” The whole life of these poets was aimed at serving the people, at awakening their feelings and elevating their souls. And today we will also come into contact with the wonderful heritage of these wonderful poets.
Leading:
Poetry F.I. Tyutchev and A.A. Fet are one of the most precious assets of classical literature. Interest in the work of great lyricist thinkers and inspired singers of nature is growing.
One is attracted not only by the tragic intensity of the lyrics of Tyutchev and Fet, but also by the life of the poets, extraordinary, bright, filled with dramatic turns.
Leading:
The fate of F.I. Tyutchev is unique, because there was no poet in Russia who attached so little importance to his fame, personal self-affirmation through poetry, whose creativity was simply the need of his soul.
(reading the poem “Spring Waters”)
The snow is still white in the fields,
And in the spring the waters are noisy,
They run and wake up the sleepy shore,
They run and shine and shout...
They say all over:
“Spring is coming, spring is coming!
We are messengers of young spring,
She sent us ahead!”
Spring is coming, spring is coming!
And quiet, warm May days
Ruddy, bright round dance
The crowd cheerfully follows her.
(no later than 1830)
Leading:
Most of what is written are poems dedicated to nature. One of the very few purely landscape poems by Tyutchev, “There is in the primordial autumn...”, which Leo Tolstoy loved so much.
Tyutchev really has a keen eye for landscapes. He feels the charm of early autumn, when an immense expanse opens up, and the field worker, having completed his “work,” rests.
(reading the poem “There is in the original autumn...”)
There is in the initial autumn
Short but wonderful time -
The whole day is like crystal,
And the evenings are radiant...
Where the cheerful sickle walked and the ear fell,
Now everything is empty - space is everywhere, -
Only a web of thin hair
Glistens on the idle furrow,
The air is empty, the birds are no longer heard,
But the first winter storms are still far away -
And pure and warm azure flows
To the resting field...
Leading:
Most of all, Tyutchev is attracted to spring, as the triumph of life over decay, as a symbol of the renewal of the world.
(reading the poem “Spring Thunderstorm”)
I love the storm in early May,
When spring, the first thunder,
As if frolicking and playing,
Rumbling in the blue sky.
Young peals thunder,
The rain is splashing, the dust is flying,
Rain pearls hung,
And the sun gilds the threads.
A swift stream runs down the mountain,
The noise of birds in the forest is not silent,
And the noise of the forest, and the noise of the mountains -
Everything cheerfully echoes the thunder.
You will say: windy Hebe,
Feeding Zeus's eagle,
A thunderous goblet from the sky,
Laughing, she spilled it on the ground.
(1828, early 1850)
Presenter 1.
“Spring Storm” conveys the sublime Tyutchev-like beauty of the world. We see “blue sky”, “rain pearls”, “golden threads of the sun”; we hear “the first thunder rumbles”, “the rumble of peals”, “the din of birds”.
Tyutchev summer is also very often stormy. Nature is full of movement, full of sounds, colors.
(reading the poem “Reluctantly and timidly”)
Reluctantly and timidly
The sun looks over the fields.
Chu, it thundered behind the cloud,
The earth frowned.
Warm wind gusts,
Distant thunder and rain sometimes...
Green fields
Greener under the storm.
Here I broke through from behind the clouds
Blue lightning jet -
A white and volatile flame bordered its edges.
More often than raindrops,
Dust flies like a whirlwind from the fields,
And thunderclaps
Getting angrier and bolder.
The sun looked again
From under your brows to the fields,
And drowned in the radiance
The whole earth is in turmoil. (6 June 1849)
Host: And poems about winter fascinate with their music and witchcraft.
(reading the poem “The forest is bewitched by the Enchantress of Winter...”)
Enchantress in Winter
The forest is bewitched
And under the snow fringe,
motionless, mute,
He shines with a wonderful life.
And he stands, bewitched, -
Not dead and not alive -
Enchanted by a magical dream,
All entangled, all enveloped
Light down chain...
Does the winter sun shine?
On him your ray with a scythe -
Nothing will tremble in him,
It will all flare up and sparkle
Dazzling beauty.
Tyutchev depicts nature not from the outside, not as an observer and photographer. He tries to understand the soul of nature, to hear its voice. Tyutchev’s nature is living, sentient being.
Leading:
The predominance of landscapes is one of the hallmarks of Tyutchev’s lyrics. But it would be more correct to call it landscape-philosophical. Empowering nature human qualities, Tyutchev often used her images to reveal his thoughts about man, about the clash of good and evil in his soul, about duality human consciousness, about the Universe and its structure, about man and his place in the world, about humanity, culture, civilization, about the universe and existence in general.
(reading the poem “Dreams”)
As the ocean envelops the globe,
Earthly life is surrounded by dreams...
Night will come - and with sonorous waves
The element hits its shore.
That's her voice: he forces us and asks...
Already in the magical pier the boat came to life;
The tide is rising and sweeping us away quickly
Into the immeasurability of dark waves.
The vault of heaven, burning with the glory of the stars,
Looks mysteriously from the depths, -
And we float, a burning abyss
Surrounded on all sides
(beginning 1830)
There is no identity between nature and man, but there is also no abyss separating them. The boundaries between them are mobile and permeable.
Sometimes a person feels the desire to completely merge with nature, to dissolve in it.
(reading the poem “How good you are, O night sea”)
How good you are, O night sea, -
It's radiant here, dark gray there...
In the moonlight, as if alive,
It walks and breathes and shines...
In the endless, in the free space
Shine and movement, roar and thunder...
The sea is bathed in a dim glow,
How good you are in the solitude of the night!
You are a great swell, you are a sea swell,
Whose holiday are you celebrating like this?
The waves rush, thundering and sparkling,
Sensitive stars look from above.
In this excitement, in this radiance,
All as if in a dream, I stand lost -
Oh, how willingly I would be in their charm
I would drown my entire soul...
(January 1865)
Leading:
It’s an amazing thing: Tyutchev lived a great life, just short of his seventieth birthday (born on December 5, 1803, died on July 28, 1873), but we perceive him despite the wisdom and, as it were, the “original” maturity of the spirit of his poetry , always passionately in love and, therefore, forever young. Tyutchev's love is always filled with dramatic and often painfully unresolvable conflicts, but at the same time it personifies the highest joy of life.
And who, for example, can remain indifferent, indifferent to the delight of the spring and youthful awakening in the soul, which the poet captured in the famous “I Met You...”
(the romance “I met you..." sounds)
I met you - and everything is gone
In the obsolete heart came to life;
I remembered the golden time -
And my heart felt so warm...
Like late autumn sometimes
There is an hour
When suddenly it starts to feel like spring
And something will stir within us, -
So, all covered in a breeze
Those years of spiritual fullness,
With a long-forgotten rapture
I look at the cute features...
Like after a century of separation,
I look at you as if in a dream, -
And now the sounds became louder,
Not silent in me...
There is more than one memory here,
Here life spoke again, -
And you have the same charm,
And that love is in my soul!..
Leading:
The poet's love lyrics reflected his personal life, full of passions, tragedies, and disappointments.
In 1826, Tyutchev married the widow of a Russian diplomat, Eleanor Peterson, although shortly before his marriage he was carried away by Amalia Lerchenfeld, and it was to her that he dedicated the poem “I Met You...”, which became a popular romance.
7 years later, Tyutchev’s affair with Ernestina Dernberg began. After a nervous and physical shock (a fire on the ship on which Eleanor and her 3 daughters were returning from Russia to Italy), Tyutchev’s wife dies. According to family legend, “Tyutchev, having spent the night at the tomb of his first wife, turned gray from grief.”
Later Tyutchev married Ernestina Dernberg.
Leading:
When Tyutchev was 47 years old, a love affair began that enriched Russian poetry with an immortal lyrical cycle. Denisievo cycle - peak love lyrics Tyutcheva. 24-year-old Elena Aleksandrovna Denisyeva studied at the Smolny Institute with Tyutchev’s daughters. They fell in love and were connected by civil marriage and children for 14 years. The complexity of the situation was that Tyutchev still loved his second wife Ernestina and his family. In the eyes of high society, the connection with Denisova was scandalous; the entire burden of condemnation and rejection fell on Deniseva’s shoulders. They refused to accept her in the best homes, the world turned away from her. She loved Tyutchev selflessly, but also suffered from the inability to openly be with the poet. Denisyeva's death from consumption caused an outburst of deepest despair in the poet, which was reflected in the poems of this period.
Amalia Lerchenfeld
(1808 - 1888) 1828
Oh Lord, give me burning suffering
And dispel the deadness of my soul.
You took it, but the torment of remembering it,
Leave me living flour for it, -
According to her, according to her, who accomplished her feat
All the way to the end in a desperate struggle
So ardently, so ardently loved
In defiance of both people and fate, -
For her, for her, fate that did not overcome,
But she didn’t allow herself to be defeated,
According to her, according to her, who knew how to do it to the end
Suffer, pray, believe and love.
Leading:
Love for Denisyeva resulted in poems called the “Denisyevsky cycle” (1850-1865).
In terms of her psychological make-up, the beloved in the “Denisyev cycle” resembles Turgenev’s heroines. For Tyutchev and Turgenev, love is a “fatal duel.”
(reading the poem “Predestination”)
Love, love - says the legend -
Union of the soul with the dear soul -
Their union, combination,
And their fatal merger,
And... the fatal duel...
And which one is more tender?
In the unequal struggle of two hearts,
The more inevitable and more certain,
Loving, suffering, sadly melting,
It will finally wear out...
(between July 1850 and mid-1851)
Leading:
In the 50s, a relatively specific hero appeared in Tyutchev’s poetry, possessing typical features. It turned out to be a woman.
The poet comprehends female nature, strives to understand her essence, place in life and her destiny. The poems are permeated with torment and pain, melancholy and despair, memories of past happiness, fragile, like everything on earth.
(reading the poem “She was sitting on the floor...”)
She was sitting on the floor
And I sorted through a pile of letters,
And, like cooled ash,
She picked them up and threw them away.
Elena Aleksandrovna Denisieva
(1826 – 1864)
I took familiar sheets
And I looked at them so wonderfully,
How souls look from above
The body thrown on them...
Oh, how much life there was here,
Irreversibly experienced!
Oh, how many sad moments
Love and joy killed!..
I stood silently on the sidelines
And I was ready to fall on my knees, -
And I felt terribly sad,
Like from the inherent sweet shadow,
(no later than April 1858)
Tyutchev portrayed love as a feeling and as a relationship between people, subject to the influence of society. His heroes are not people cut off from life, but ordinary people, good, weak and strong at the same time, unable to unravel the tangle of contradictions in which they find themselves.
(reading the poem “Oh, how murderously we love...”)
Oh, how murderously we love,
As in the violent blindness of passions
We are most likely to destroy,
What is dear to our hearts!
How long ago, proud of my victory,
You said: she is mine...
A year has not passed - ask and find out,
What was left of her?
Where did the roses go?
The smile of the lips and the sparkle of the eyes?
Everything was scorched, tears burned out
With its flammable moisture.
Leading:
F.I. Tyutchev worked all his life in the public sphere: for many years in the diplomatic service outside Russia, then as a senior censor and chairman of the Committee for Foreign Censorship. He honestly served the interests of Russia, as his convictions told him, he was a patriot and citizen of his Motherland, who passionately desired the good and prosperity of his people. He loved Russia, burning with love for it, and he owned the lines that became an aphorism:
(reading the poem “You can’t understand Russia with your mind...")
You can't understand Russia with your mind,
The general arshin cannot be measured:
She will become special -
Russia can only be trusted.
Leading:
Tyutchev's poetry is among the best creations of the Russian poetic genius, close to Tyutchev, an inspired contemplator of nature; Tyutchev, the sensitive seer of the human heart, is dear to us; Tyutchev is dear to us - a patriot and citizen.
Ernestina Dörnberg
Fet Afanasy Afanasyevich
Leading:
And personality, and fate, and creative biography of this poet/A.A. Fet/ are unusual and full of mysteries, some of them have not yet been solved. 2005 marked the 185th anniversary of his birth.
Fet's poetry is a mystery. Elusive sounds are formed into words, and the melody of the verse is heard, giving rise to associations with color, with feeling, with thought.
(reading the poem “The lake fell asleep...")
The lake fell asleep; the black forest is silent;
A white mermaid swims casually out;
Like a young swan, the moon among the skies
It glides and contemplates its double on the moisture.
The fishermen fell asleep near the sleepy lights;
The pale sail does not move a fold;
Sometimes a heavy carp splashes among the reeds,
Letting a wide circle run through the smooth moisture.
How quiet... I hear every sound and rustle;
But the sounds of the silence of the night do not interrupt, -
Let the nightingale trill lively,
Let the grass sway on the mermaid's water...
Leading:
Love and nature are A. Fet’s favorite themes. Fet's nature always shines, rejoices, and trembles. In it, even when it rains or snow falls, everything is full of life:
The night is bright, the frost is shining,
Come out - the snow is crunching,
Pristyazhnaya gets cold
And it doesn’t stand still.
Leading:
For the poet, nature is a source of joy, philosophical optimism and unexpected discoveries:
(reading the poem “This morning, this joy...”)
This morning, this joy,
This power of both day and light,
This blue vault
This cry and strings,
These flocks, these birds,
This talk of the waters
These willows and birches,
These drops are these tears,
This fluff is not a leaf,
These mountains, these valleys,
These midges, these bees,
This noise and whistle,
These dawns without eclipse,
This sigh of the night village,
This night without sleep
This darkness and heat of the bed,
This fraction and these trills,
This is all spring.
The poet sees in nature what others have not noticed: he is in awe of the sad birch tree, admires the endless expanses, admires the snow, listens to the silence.
(reading the poem “Sad Birch”)
Sad birch
At my window
And the whim of frost
She's dismantled.
Like bunches of grapes
The ends of the branches hang, -
And joyful to look at
All mourning attire.
I love the game of Lucifer
I notice on her
And I'm sorry if the birds
They will shake off the beauty of the branches.
Leading:
Fet's lyrics fascinate, take you into a special world created according to incomprehensible laws of rhythm.
He sought to capture not the movements of love and nature themselves, but the impressions of these movements.
Of all Fet’s early poems, the poem “Whisper, Timid Breath” is the most unusual and unconventional. The poet built the entire poem on parallelism: the natural world and the human world. And although there is not a single verb, the poem is full of action.
(reading the poem “Whisper, Timid Breath”)
Whispers, timid breathing,
The trill of a nightingale,
Silver and sway
Sleepy stream,
Night light, night shadows,
Shadows without end.
A series of magical changes
Sweet face
There are purple roses in the smoky clouds,
The reflection of amber
And kisses and tears,
And dawn, and dawn!..
Leading:
The poem has been written about, and on various occasions. Parodies were written. In the minds of readers and critics, it became “the most Fetov-esque poem,” a kind of poetic self-portrait. “Whispers, timid breathing...” caused a literary scandal.
Leading:
The obscure poet of the Nekrasov school Nikolai Worms, in a witty parody, showed Fet’s poem as a meaningless set of chaotic phrases:
The sounds of music and trills, -
The trill of a nightingale,
And under the thick linden trees
Both she and I.
And she, and I, and trills,
Sky and moon.
Trills, me, her and the sky,
Heaven and her.
Leading:
Fet's poem was twice parodied by Dmitry Minaev, a witty satirist with a brilliant command of the pen.
There is no bow from the servants,
Hats on one side,
And the worker Semyon
Cheating and laziness.
There are strange geese in the fields.
The insolence of the goslings, -
Shame, the death of Rus',
And debauchery, debauchery!..
Leading:
In another parody, Minaev played on the contrast between the poet’s biography and his work.
Stomping, joyful neighing,
Slender squadron.
The bugler's trill, swaying
Waving banners...
Ammunition is fine
A reflection of silver -
And march-march at full speed,
And hurray, hurray!
But all the parodies do not detract from the merits of Fet’s poems. The poem was highly appreciated by Turgenev, Druzhinin, Botkin and Dostoevsky. And for us, Fet’s poem is certainly one of the best examples of his lyrics
Leading:
The poem “I came to you with greetings” is wonderful. The poem is written on the theme of love. The topic is old and eternal. And Fet’s poem exudes freshness and novelty; it is unlike anything else.
(reading the poem “I came to you with greetings”)
I came to you with greetings
Tell me that the sun has risen
What is it with hot light
The sheets began to flutter;
Tell me that the forest has woken up,
All woke up, every branch,
Every bird was startled
And full of thirst in spring;
Tell me that with the same passion,
Like yesterday, I came again,
That the soul is still the same happiness
And I’m ready to serve you;
Tell me that from everywhere
It blows over me with joy,
That I don’t know myself that I will
Sing - but only the song is ripening.
Leading:
Fet’s poems about love were sublime and wise in Pushkin’s way. It is no coincidence that many of them became romances, the performance of which even now gives rise to a range of feelings in the soul of every person.
(P.I. Tchaikovsky’s recording “At dawn don’t wake her” sounds)
Like Tyutchev, in Fet’s life there were specific meetings with extraordinary and yet earthly women who inspired the creation of poetry. The poet praised female beauty in his poems.
Fet has a whole series of lyrical messages addressed to Sofya Andreevna Tolstaya, Tatyana Kuzminskaya, her sister, Elena Khomutova, Sologub and many other women.
Leading:
One of best poems poet, one of the best examples of Russian love lyrics is the poem “The Night Was Shining,” dedicated to Tatyana Kuzminskaya.
(reading the poem “The Night Shined”)
The night was shining, the garden was full of moonlight. were lying
Rays at our feet in a living room without lights.
The piano was all open, and the strings in it were trembling,
Like our hearts for your song
You sang until dawn, exhausted in tears,
That you alone are love, that there is no other love,
And I wanted to live so much so that
To love you, hug you and cry over you.
And many years have passed, tedious and boring,
And in the silence of the night I hear your voice again,
And it blows, as then, in these sonorous sighs,
That you are alone - all life, that you are alone - love.
That there are no insults from fate and burning torment in the heart,
But there is no end to life, and there is no other goal,
As soon as you believe in the sobbing sounds,
Love you, hug you and cry over you!
Leading:
Believing in the beautiful, loving the beautiful is the poet’s high happiness and his highest goal.
(reading the poem “I won’t tell you anything”)
I won't tell you anything
And I won’t worry you at all,
And what I silently repeat,
I don’t dare hint at anything.
Night flowers sleep all day long,
But as soon as the sun sets behind the grove,
The leaves are quietly opening,
And I hear my heart bloom.
And into the sore, tired chest
The moisture of the night blows... I'm trembling,
I won't alarm you at all
I won't tell you anything.
Leading:
Tyutchev and Fet were perceived by many contemporaries as great sages and humanists who transform suffering, tragedy, pain into beauty and joy:
“Instantly feel like your own. Whisper about something that makes your tongue go numb. Strengthen the fight of fearless hearts."
This is exactly how the work of wonderful poets: Tyutchev and Fet is perceived today, in the ineradicable ability to “pass everything through the heart.”
Objective of the project: - acquaintance of students with the facts of the biography of Tyutchev and Fet, with its reflection in poetic works; revealing the artistic features of the poetry of Tyutchev and Fet; comparison of the works of two poets, getting to know and reading the best works of poets.
- portraits of poets and beloved women; family portraits; book exhibition; tape recorder, cassettes; records of romances:
- multimedia equipment;
Tyutchev Fedor Ivanovich
A flowing flame has always been a symbol of eternal fire, the eternal memory of those who are no longer with us, but whom we love and remember. The candles that we light today are in memory of such wonderful poets as Fyodor Ivanovich Tyutchev and Afanasy Afanasyevich Fet. Candles also symbolize the unquenchable spiritual energy, the undying impulse of the soul of these poets. The epigraph of our meeting today will be the words of Afanasy Afanasyevich Fet: “Intensify the battle of fearless hearts.” The whole life of these poets was aimed at serving the people, at awakening their feelings and elevating their souls. And today we will also come into contact with the wonderful heritage of these wonderful poets.
Presenter: Poetry F.I. Tyutchev and A.A. Fet are one of the most precious assets of classical literature. Interest in the work of great lyricist thinkers and inspired singers of nature is growing. One is attracted not only by the tragic intensity of the lyrics of Tyutchev and Fet, but also by the life of the poets, extraordinary, bright, filled with dramatic turns. Presenter: The fate of F.I. Tyutchev is unique, because there was no poet in Russia who attached so little importance to his fame, personal self-affirmation through poetry, whose creativity was simply the need of his soul.
(reading the poem “Spring Waters”)
The snow is still white in the fields,
And in the spring the waters are noisy,
They run and wake up the sleepy shore,
They run and shine and shout... They shout to all ends:
“Spring is coming, spring is coming!
We are messengers of young spring,
She sent us ahead!” Spring is coming, spring is coming!
And quiet, warm May days
Ruddy, bright round dance
The crowd cheerfully follows her. (no later than 1830) Host: Most of what was written are poems dedicated to nature. One of the very few purely landscape poems by Tyutchev, “There is in the primordial autumn...”, which Leo Tolstoy loved so much. Tyutchev really has a keen eye for landscapes. He feels the charm of early autumn, when an immense expanse opens up, and the field worker, having completed his “work,” rests.
(reading the poem “There is in the original autumn...”)
There is in the initial autumn
A short but wonderful time -
The whole day is like crystal,
And the evenings are radiant... Where the cheerful sickle walked and the ear fell,
Now everything is empty - space is everywhere, -
Only a web of thin hair
Glistens on the idle furrow, The air is empty, the birds are no longer heard,
But the first winter storms are still far away -
And pure and warm azure flows
To the resting field...
Host: Most of all, Tyutchev is attracted to spring, as the triumph of life over decay, as a symbol of the renewal of the world.
(reading the poem “Spring Thunderstorm”)
I love the storm in early May,
When spring, the first thunder,
As if frolicking and playing,
Rumbling in the blue sky. Young peals thunder,
The rain is splashing, the dust is flying,
Rain pearls hung,
And the sun gilds the threads. A swift stream runs down the mountain,
The noise of birds in the forest is not silent,
And the noise of the forest, and the noise of the mountains -
Everything cheerfully echoes the thunder. You will say: windy Hebe,
Feeding Zeus's eagle,
A thunderous goblet from the sky,
Laughing, she spilled it on the ground.
(1828, early 1850)
Presenter 1. “Spring Thunderstorm” conveys the sublime beauty of the world in Tyutchev’s style. We see “blue sky”, “rain pearls”, “golden threads of the sun”; we hear “the first thunder rumbles”, “the rumble of peals”, “the din of birds”. Tyutchev summer is also very often stormy. Nature is full of movement, full of sounds, colors.
(reading the poem “Reluctantly and timidly”)
Reluctantly and timidly
The sun looks over the fields.
Chu, it thundered behind the cloud,
The earth frowned. Warm wind gusts,
Distant thunder and rain sometimes...
Green fields
Greener under the storm. Here I broke through from behind the clouds
Blue lightning jet -
A white and volatile flame bordered its edges. More often than raindrops,
Dust flies like a whirlwind from the fields,
And thunderclaps
Getting angrier and bolder. The sun looked again
From under your brows to the fields,
And drowned in the radiance
The whole earth is in turmoil. (6 June 1849)
Host: And poems about winter fascinate with their music and witchcraft.
(reading the poem “The forest is bewitched by the Enchantress of Winter...”)
Enchantress in Winter
The forest is bewitched
And under the snow fringe,
motionless, mute,
He shines with a wonderful life.
And he stands, bewitched, -
Not dead and not alive -
Enchanted by a magical dream,
All entangled, all enveloped
Light down chain...
Does the winter sun shine?
On him your ray with a scythe -
Nothing will tremble in him,
It will all flare up and sparkle
Dazzling beauty. Tyutchev depicts nature not from the outside, not as an observer and photographer. He tries to understand the soul of nature, to hear its voice. Tyutchev's nature is a living, intelligent being. Presenter: The predominance of landscapes is one of the hallmarks of Tyutchev’s lyrics. But it would be more correct to call it landscape-philosophical. Endowing nature with human qualities, Tyutchev often used its images to reveal his thoughts about man, about the clash of good and evil in his soul, about the duality of human consciousness, about the Universe and its structure, about man and his place in the world, about humanity, culture, civilization, about the universe and existence in general.
(reading the poem “Dreams”)
As the ocean envelops the globe,
Earthly life is surrounded by dreams...
Night will come - and with sonorous waves
The element hits its shore. That's her voice: he forces us and asks...
Already in the magical pier the boat came to life;
The tide is rising and sweeping us away quickly
Into the immeasurability of dark waves. The vault of heaven, burning with the glory of the stars,
Looks mysteriously from the depths, -
And we float, a burning abyss
Surrounded on all sides
(beginning 1830)
Host: There is no identity between nature and man, but there is also no abyss separating them. The boundaries between them are mobile and permeable. Sometimes a person feels the desire to completely merge with nature, to dissolve in it.
(reading the poem “How good you are, O night sea”)
How good you are, O night sea, -
It's radiant here, dark gray there...
In the moonlight, as if alive,
It walks, and breathes, and shines... In the endless, free space
Shine and movement, roar and thunder...
The sea is bathed in a dim glow,
How good you are in the solitude of the night! You are a great swell, you are a sea swell,
Whose holiday are you celebrating like this?
The waves rush, thundering and sparkling,
Sensitive stars look from above. In this excitement, in this radiance,
All as if in a dream, I stand lost -
Oh, how willingly I would be in their charm
I would drown my entire soul...
(January 1865)
Presenter: An amazing thing: Tyutchev lived a great life, just short of his seventieth birthday (born on December 5, 1803, died on July 28, 1873), but we perceive him, despite his wisdom and, as it were, “original” maturity of spirit his poetry, always passionately in love and, therefore, forever young. Tyutchev's love is always filled with dramatic and often painfully unresolvable conflicts, but at the same time it personifies the highest joy of life. And who, for example, can remain indifferent, indifferent to the delight of the spring and youthful awakening in the soul, which the poet captured in the famous “I Met You...”
(the romance “I met you..." sounds)
I met you - and everything is gone
In the obsolete heart came to life;
I remembered the golden time -
And my heart felt so warm... Like late autumn sometimes
There is an hour
When suddenly it starts to feel like spring
And something stirs in us, - So, all surrounded by a breath
Those years of spiritual fullness,
With a long-forgotten rapture
I look at the cute features... As if after a century of separation,
I look at you as if in a dream, -
And now the sounds became louder,
Not silent in me... There is more than one memory here,
Here life spoke again, -
And you have the same charm,
And that love is in my soul!..
Host: The poet’s love lyrics reflected his personal life, full of passions, tragedies, and disappointments. In 1826, Tyutchev married the widow of a Russian diplomat, Eleanor Peterson, although shortly before his marriage he was carried away by Amalia Lerchenfeld, and it was to her that he dedicated the poem “I Met You...”, which became a popular romance. 7 years later, Tyutchev’s affair with Ernestina Dernberg began. After a nervous and physical shock (a fire on the ship on which Eleanor and her 3 daughters were returning from Russia to Italy), Tyutchev’s wife dies. According to family legend, “Tyutchev, having spent the night at the tomb of his first wife, turned gray from grief.” Later Tyutchev married Ernestina Dernberg. Host: When Tyutchev was 47 years old, a love affair began that enriched Russian poetry with an immortal lyrical cycle. The Denisyevsky cycle is the pinnacle of Tyutchev’s love lyrics. 24-year-old Elena Aleksandrovna Denisyeva studied at the Smolny Institute with Tyutchev’s daughters. They fell in love and were connected by civil marriage and children for 14 years. The complexity of the situation was that Tyutchev still loved his second wife Ernestina and his family. In the eyes of high society, the connection with Denisova was scandalous; the entire burden of condemnation and rejection fell on Deniseva’s shoulders. They refused to accept her in the best homes, the world turned away from her. She loved Tyutchev selflessly, but also suffered from the inability to openly be with the poet. Denisyeva's death from consumption caused an outburst of deepest despair in the poet, which was reflected in the poems of this period. 
Amalia Lerchenfeld
(1808 - 1888) 1828
Oh Lord, give me burning suffering
And dispel the deadness of my soul.
You took it, but the torment of remembering it,
Leave me living flour for it, -
According to her, according to her, who accomplished her feat
All the way to the end in a desperate struggle
So ardently, so ardently loved
In defiance of both people and fate, - According to her, according to her, fate that has not overcome,
But she didn’t allow herself to be defeated,
According to her, according to her, who knew how to do it to the end
Suffer, pray, believe and love. Presenter: Love for Denisyeva resulted in poems called the “Denisyevsky cycle” (1850-1865). In terms of her psychological make-up, the beloved in the “Denisyev cycle” resembles Turgenev’s heroines. For Tyutchev and Turgenev, love is a “fatal duel.”
(reading the poem “Predestination”)
Love, love - says the legend -
Union of the soul with the dear soul -
Their union, combination,
And their fatal merger,
And... the fatal duel...
And which one is more tender?
In the unequal struggle of two hearts,
The more inevitable and more certain,
Loving, suffering, sadly melting,
It will finally wear out...
(between July 1850 and mid-1851)
Host: In the 50s, a relatively specific hero appeared in Tyutchev’s poetry, possessing typical traits. It turned out to be a woman. The poet comprehends female nature, strives to understand her essence, place in life and her destiny. The poems are permeated with torment and pain, melancholy and despair, memories of past happiness, fragile, like everything on earth.
(reading the poem “She was sitting on the floor...”)
She was sitting on the floor
And I sorted through a pile of letters,
And, like cooled ash,
She picked them up and threw them away.
Elena Aleksandrovna Denisieva
I took familiar sheets
And I looked at them so wonderfully,
How souls look from above
The body thrown on them...
Oh, how much life there was here,
Irreversibly experienced!
Oh, how many sad moments
Love and joy killed!.. I stood silently on the sidelines
And I was ready to fall on my knees, -
And I felt terribly sad,
Like from the inherent sweet shadow,
(no later than April 1858)
Tyutchev portrayed love as a feeling and as a relationship between people, subject to the influence of society. His heroes are not people cut off from life, but ordinary people, good, weak and strong at the same time, unable to unravel the tangle of contradictions in which they find themselves.
(reading the poem “Oh, how murderously we love...”)
Oh, how murderously we love,
As in the violent blindness of passions
We are most likely to destroy,
What is dearer to our hearts! How long ago, proud of our victory,
You said: she is mine...
A year has not passed - ask and find out,
What was left of her? Where did the roses go?
The smile of the lips and the sparkle of the eyes?
Everything was scorched, tears burned out
With its flammable moisture. Presenter: F.I. Tyutchev worked all his life in the government field: for many years in the diplomatic service outside Russia, then as a senior censor and chairman of the Committee of Foreign Censorship. He honestly served the interests of Russia, as his convictions told him, he was a patriot and citizen of his Motherland, who passionately desired the good and prosperity of his people. He loved Russia, burning with love for it, and he owned the lines that became an aphorism:
(reading the poem “You can’t understand Russia with your mind...")
You can't understand Russia with your mind,
The general arshin cannot be measured:
She will become special -
Russia can only be trusted.
Presenter: Tyutchev’s poetry is among the best creations of the Russian poetic genius, close to Tyutchev, an inspired contemplator of nature; Tyutchev, the sensitive seer of the human heart, is dear to us; Tyutchev is dear to us - a patriot and citizen.
Ernestina Dörnberg
Fet Afanasy Afanasyevich
Both the personality, fate, and creative biography of this poet/A.A. Fet/ are unusual and full of mysteries, some of which have not yet been solved. 2005 marked the 185th anniversary of his birth. Fet's poetry is a mystery. Elusive sounds are formed into words, and the melody of the verse is heard, giving rise to associations with color, with feeling, with thought.
(reading the poem “The lake fell asleep...")
The lake fell asleep; the black forest is silent;
A white mermaid swims casually out;
Like a young swan, the moon among the skies
He glides and contemplates his double on the moisture. The fishermen fell asleep by the sleepy lights;
The pale sail does not move a fold;
Sometimes a heavy carp splashes among the reeds,
Letting a wide circle run through the smooth moisture. How quiet... I hear every sound and rustle;
But the sounds of the silence of the night do not interrupt, -
Let the nightingale trill lively,
Let the grass sway on the mermaid's water...
Presenter: Love and nature are A. Fet’s favorite topics. Fet's nature always shines, rejoices, and trembles. In it, even when it rains or snow falls, everything is full of life: The night is light, the frost shines,
Come out - the snow is crunching,
Pristyazhnaya gets cold
And it doesn’t stand still. Host: For the poet, nature is a source of joy, philosophical optimism and unexpected discoveries:
(reading the poem “This morning, this joy...”)
This morning, this joy,
This power of both day and light,
This blue vault
This cry and strings,
These flocks, these birds,
This talk of the waters
These willows and birches,
These drops are these tears,
This fluff is not a leaf,
These mountains, these valleys,
These midges, these bees,
This noise and whistle,
These dawns without eclipse,
This sigh of the night village,
This night without sleep
This darkness and heat of the bed,
This fraction and these trills,
This is all spring.
The poet sees in nature what others have not noticed: he is in awe of the sad birch tree, admires the endless expanses, admires the snow, listens to the silence.
(reading the poem “Sad Birch”)
Sad birch
At my window
And the whim of frost
She's dismantled.
Like bunches of grapes
The ends of the branches hang, -
And joyful to look at
All mourning attire.
I love the game of Lucifer
I notice on her
And I'm sorry if the birds
They will shake off the beauty of the branches.
Presenter: Fet’s lyrics fascinate, take you into a special world created according to incomprehensible laws of rhythm. He sought to capture not the movements of love and nature themselves, but the impressions of these movements. Of all Fet’s early poems, the poem “Whisper, Timid Breath” is the most unusual and unconventional. The poet built the entire poem on parallelism: the natural world and the human world. And although there is not a single verb, the poem is full of action.
(reading the poem “Whisper, Timid Breath”)
Whispers, timid breathing,
The trill of a nightingale,
Silver and sway
Sleepy stream, Night light, night shadows,
Shadows without end.
A series of magical changes
Sweet face
There are purple roses in the smoky clouds,
The reflection of amber
And kisses and tears,
And dawn, and dawn!..
Host: People have written about the poem, and on various occasions. Parodies were written. In the minds of readers and critics, it became “the most Fetov-esque poem,” a kind of poetic self-portrait. “Whispers, timid breathing...” caused a literary scandal. Presenter: The obscure poet of the Nekrasov school Nikolai Worms, in a witty parody, showed Fet’s poem as a meaningless set of chaotic phrases: The sounds of music and trills, -
The trill of a nightingale,
And under the thick linden trees
Both she and I.
And she, and I, and trills,
Sky and moon.
Trills, me, her and the sky,
Heaven and her. Presenter: Dmitry Minaev, a witty satirist who brilliantly wielded the pen, parodied Fet’s poem twice. There is no bow from the servants,
Hats on one side,
And the worker Semyon
Cheating and laziness.
There are strange geese in the fields.
The insolence of the goslings, -
Shame, the death of Rus',
And debauchery, debauchery!.. Host: In another parody, Minaev played on the contrast between the poet’s biography and his work. Stomping, joyful neighing,
Slender squadron.
The bugler's trill, swaying
Waving banners...
Ammunition is fine
A reflection of silver -
And march-march at full speed,
And hurray, hurray! But all the parodies do not detract from the merits of Fet’s poems. The poem was highly appreciated by Turgenev, Druzhinin, Botkin and Dostoevsky. And for us, Fet’s poem is certainly one of the best examples of his lyrics. Presenter: The poem “I came to you with greetings” is wonderful. The poem is written on the theme of love. The topic is old and eternal. And Fet’s poem exudes freshness and novelty; it is unlike anything else.
(reading the poem “I came to you with greetings”)
I came to you with greetings
Tell me that the sun has risen
What is it with hot light
The sheets began to flutter; Tell me that the forest has woken up,
All woke up, every branch,
Every bird was startled
And full of thirst in spring; Tell me that with the same passion,
Like yesterday, I came again,
That the soul is still the same happiness
And I’m ready to serve you; Tell me that from everywhere
It blows over me with joy,
That I don’t know myself that I will
Sing - but only the song is ripening.
Presenter: Fet’s poems about love were sublime and wise in Pushkin’s way. It is no coincidence that many of them became romances, the performance of which even now gives rise to a range of feelings in the soul of every person.
(P.I. Tchaikovsky’s recording “At dawn don’t wake her” sounds)
Like Tyutchev, in Fet’s life there were specific meetings with extraordinary and yet earthly women who inspired the creation of poetry. The poet praised female beauty in his poems. Fet has a whole series of lyrical messages addressed to Sofya Andreevna Tolstaya, Tatyana Kuzminskaya, her sister, Elena Khomutova, Sologub and many other women. Presenter: One of the poet’s best poems, one of the best examples of Russian love lyrics is the poem “The Night Was Shining,” dedicated to Tatyana Kuzminskaya.
(reading the poem “The Night Shined”)
The night was shining, the garden was full of moonlight. were lying
Rays at our feet in a living room without lights.
The piano was all open, and the strings in it were trembling,
Like our hearts for your song
You sang until dawn, exhausted in tears,
That you alone are love, that there is no other love,
And I wanted to live so much so that
To love you, hug you and cry over you. And many years have passed, tedious and boring,
And in the silence of the night I hear your voice again,
And it blows, as then, in these sonorous sighs,
That you are alone - all life, that you are alone - love. That there are no insults from fate and burning torment in the heart,
But there is no end to life, and there is no other goal,
As soon as you believe in the sobbing sounds,
Love you, hug you and cry over you!
Presenter: Believing in the beautiful, loving the beautiful is the poet’s high happiness and his highest goal.
(reading the poem “I won’t tell you anything”)
I won't tell you anything
And I won’t worry you at all,
And what I silently repeat,
I won’t dare to hint at anything. Night flowers sleep all day long,
But as soon as the sun sets behind the grove,
The leaves are quietly opening,
And I hear my heart bloom. And into the sore, tired chest
The moisture of the night blows... I'm trembling,
I won't alarm you at all
I won't tell you anything.
Presenter: Tyutchev and Fet were perceived by many contemporaries as great sages and humanists who transform suffering, tragedy, pain into beauty and joy: “Instantly feel something else as your own. Whisper about something that makes your tongue go numb. Strengthen the fight of fearless hearts." 
This is exactly how the work of wonderful poets: Tyutchev and Fet is perceived today, in the ineradicable ability to “pass everything through the heart.” 
