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Can an asthenic person be a leader? What does an asthenic physique indicate? External signs of asthenic type

Can an asthenic person be a leader? What does an asthenic physique indicate? External signs of asthenic type

Accentuation is not mental illness. Its presence only means that a person has more clearly defined character traits, although any specialist will say that he is healthy. The creator of the concept of accentuation, German psychiatrist Karl Leonhard, for example, wrote that “the population of Berlin is 50% accentuated individuals and 50% standard type of people.” However, under unfavorable circumstances, accentuation can still turn into pathology.

“Character accentuations differ from psychopathy in the absence of simultaneous manifestation of the triad of characteristics characteristic of the latter: stability of character over time, the totality of its manifestations in all situations, social maladjustment,” write the compilers Encyclopedic Dictionary in psychology and pedagogy (2013). In other words, the characteristic features of an accentuated character do not appear all the time, and living among people does not become more difficult because of them.

In Russian psychology, accentuation remains a popular concept, but there is no generally accepted classification today. Modern versions of the typology are based on the work of Karl Leonhard, the monograph of the Soviet psychiatrist Andrei Lichko and other studies. Lichko’s work made it possible to better understand the etiology of neuroses, since the psychiatrist put forward the concept of so-called “places least resistance"in character. Knowing their “location” allows a person to avoid emotional overload, troubles in communication and wrong steps in life.

Unsure sprinter

A person with the character of an astheno-neurotic type - an asthenic - quickly starts up and quickly dries out. It’s like an airplane with too small a fuel tank: you can’t fly far, the route and speed must be carefully calculated, and you have to stop to refuel along the way. An asthenic person has increased excitability, neuropsychic sensitivity, and fatigue. Where a person with a different personality pattern is just starting to swing, he already reacts with all his might, and where it is time to properly accelerate, he freezes and retreats into the background. At the same time, an asthenic person may feel “mentally tired” and feel a strong nervous tension under the influence of fairly harmless stimuli. His only desire in this case may be the desire to quickly force everyone to get behind him.

At the same time, a person with astheno-neurotic accentuation is suspicious, impatient, irritable and at the same time prone to repentance. His grievances the world they can accumulate for a long time, silently layering on top of each other, only to then begin to break through the thick layer of self-doubt in the form of causeless (as it seems) outbursts of anger. After each such outburst, the asthenic person will regret and blame himself, which is why his self-esteem, already low, may lose a few more points.

Self-doubt is another characteristic of this type. An asthenic person is sensitive to criticism and evaluation; it is easy for his pride to be dealt a blow. At the same time, such a person may not be alien to vanity, which, due to the tendency to be a sprinter in everything, can be difficult to satisfy.

Neurosthenic and psychasthenic: frightening doubts

People of an asthenic-neurotic type are also sometimes divided into neurasthenics (this word is known to many, but is rarely used correctly) and psychasthenics. If an asthenic person is simply tired, sad and lost, then a neurasthenic person also suffers from psychosomatic problems: pain of unknown origin, insomnia, increased heart rate. Hypochondria - an obsessive groundless fear for one's health and painful suspicions that something is already wrong with him - is his frequent companion. By constantly listening to himself, a neurasthenic only undermines his physical well-being. He is the one rare case, when you can really say: “All diseases come from nerves.” On the other hand, the presence of such a quality means that it is enough to cope with emotional problems and put your relationships with the outside world in order - and there will be no need for medication.

A psychasthenic person, unlike his “colleague” in accentuation, does not suffer from hypochondria. In his case, the sad pedestal of everyday problems is occupied by doubt: in oneself and in circumstances. A person of a psychasthenic type can doubt for a long time and without any objective grounds. His anxious suspiciousness, persistent penchant for reflection and constant surgical introspection slow down many productive intentions and exhaust the psychasthenic before he can reach the finish line. It can be difficult for such people to cope with the burden of responsibility and the high demands of others. At the same time, they are reasonable, reliable, prone to order and accuracy, and behave smoothly, without outbursts or outbursts. If a psychasthenic nevertheless manages to overcome doubts, he becomes as impatient as a person with an ordinary asthenic disposition. This also happens due to lack of self-confidence: it is better to act quickly, otherwise “something might not work out.”

If you are asthenic: practice of strengthening self-esteem

The main problem of the astheno-neurotic type is that it is not possible to maintain a high pace of life. Where do you get self-confidence? Where to find strength? Oddly enough, lifestyle partially helps to answer these questions: regular physical activity, contrast showers, self-massage. Strengthening muscles allows you to feel self-confidence “literally”: on a physical and psychological level, and massage helps you relax.

In addition, it is useful for asthenics to regularly share leisure time with other people, in company, and try to feel comfortable in society by developing new social habits. However, the most important thing, perhaps, is to praise yourself more often. If you have irritation that you have successfully managed not to take out on your neighbor, note: “I’m angry, but so cute!” If you did a good job, take everything apart and praise you for every detail. In addition, you can list your merits in a list or even write yourself a letter, which will talk about why you, an asthenic person, are good and beautiful.

How to live for an asthenic?

Asthenic is not just certain proportions of the body, but also a specific way of thinking, relating to oneself and to people. There is an opinion that life is not sweet for asthenics and the most important thing is that this is for life, you were born this way and you have to live with it. But how?

Firstly, for those who do not yet know who asthenics are. The asthenic (from the Greek asthenes - weak) body type is characterized by a combination of average height in height with weak height in width, narrow shoulders, thin arms and hands, a long and narrow chest, an angular and most often pale face.

As is known, a person’s bodily constitution is determined either genetically or is completely formed before birth. The German psychologist E. Kretschmer (1888-1964) was one of the first to notice that a certain body type corresponds to its own set of personal properties, which are also genetically determined.

Since childhood, asthenics (ectomorphic type) grow up weak and tender, it is difficult for them to gain weight and increase muscle volume. While a normosthenic, otherwise athletic (mesomorphic type) easily builds muscle, a hypersthenic, or picnic (endomorphic type) is prone to obesity. At the same time, asthenics have a highly developed nervous system and brain. They are prone to introspection and are highly vulnerable, which is why they become withdrawn, withdraw into themselves, and often demonstrate external emotional coldness. They are demanding both of themselves and of other people, so it is more difficult for them to communicate than other types. At the same time, asthenics are capable of deep, constant feelings for family, close friends, and loved ones.

The highly developed, and in other words, sensitive nervous system of asthenics contributes to their rapid fatigue, which in turn manifests itself in the form of irritability, sometimes short temper, as well as anxiety and suspiciousness. In general, this condition is called asthenic.

Asthenics are more susceptible to stress than athletes and picnics, have less endurance and they should adhere to a certain lifestyle so as not to overload their nervous system and work and relax as efficiently as possible, in a mode and pace convenient for them. For asthenics, both excessive physical activity and excessively saturated food are contraindicated. social life. Asthenics are recommended to get proper rest, including sleep and walks in the fresh air, so that they can promptly restore spent mental energy.

As you can see, among asthenics there are many melancholics and hypochondriacs prone to depression, and it is believed that they are the weakest among other types of temperament. Why, throughout the history of human development, has nature so persistently preserved the weakest subspecies? Why and how asthenics have not yet become extinct like mammoths? The reason is that, firstly, each temperament is distinguished by its own special adaptive ability and, secondly, for the survival of the entire species, people with different natural inclinations are necessary. Therefore, it is so important for each type of temperament to find its own niche, creative, favorite work in accordance with character and abilities, in which it is possible to express oneself for the benefit of people.

The undeniable advantages of an asthenic are: perseverance and systematic consistency, unpretentiousness, Spartan severity, refined aesthetic feelings, incorruptible justice, the ability to generate ideas, a pronounced tendency to be passionate about this or that work, certain interests. It is asthenics, distinguished by an analytical and doubtful mind, who made many major discoveries in science and art. You can see this for yourself; such famous scientists as Aristotle, Copernicus, Kepler, Newton, Leibniz, Darwin were asthenics; philosophers and thinkers: Schopenhauer, Hegel, Kant, Schelling, Rousseau, Sakharov; psychologists: Freud, Frankl, Koffka; poets and writers: Schiller, Borges, France, Wells; politicians: Robespierre, Calvin.

Asthenics are, first of all, creative people, prone to research and painstaking mental work, aimed not at the result, but at the process. They work most fruitfully in conditions not limited by external boundaries, and their seemingly aimless process often ends in a discovery, sometimes even ahead of its era.

Asthenics are also valued for their high conscientiousness, moral principles, responsibility, and kindness.

As mentioned above, asthenics are more prone to suffering than others due to their high vulnerability and sensitive nervous system. The classic attitude towards the suffering of all his like-minded people was expressed by V. Frankl: “Suffering has makes a lot of sense: it allows you to feel happiness more acutely, it cleanses the soul” and A.S. Pushkin: “I want to live in order to think and suffer.”

In order not to make suffering their main job and interlocutor, asthenics should be especially responsible about where and how they can make up for the lack of positive emotions. The positive perception of the world and themselves among asthenics rests on three pillars:

Firstly, this is, of course, a creative, mental or art-related favorite job or, at worst, a favorite pastime or hobby.

Secondly, soft, friendly support from their close circle: family and trusted friends, communication with like-minded people, people who understand them and perceive them personality traits as the norm. Because that’s what it is for asthenics.

Thirdly, a measured lifestyle, without haste and strong outside pressure. Asthenic-melancholic people should avoid communicating with choleric people, since the latter most often have a negative effect on them, and such marriages are rarely successful.

(psychiatrist)

Asthenia: how to overcome painful impotence?

17.06.2016

Maria Barnikova

Asthenia is a state of severe neuropsychic weakness that may indicate the onset of somatogenic disorders.

Almost all of us are familiar with the condition “ no strength to act": fatigue, fatigue that does not disappear after leisure, muscle weakness. However, many interpret their painful condition as a slight malaise, hoping that the loss of strength will go away on its own. However, overwhelming impotence, a significant decrease in performance, rapid fatigue from habitual stress are symptoms of an abnormal state of the body called asthenia.

Signs of asthenic syndrome observed for more than one month and not associated with viral or bacterial diseases require comprehensive therapeutic measures. It is worth noting that asthenia not only does not allow an individual to live a full and rich life, it can act as a symptom of more serious problems in the body or transform into an affective disorder - depression.

The term "asthenia" borrowed from Latin (Asthenia) and means "weakness". Asthenic status implies that the human central nervous system is in an exhausted state, all systems are working at the limit of their capabilities. Manifestations of asthenia are severe neuropsychic weakness, immediate depletion of nervous system resources, decreased tolerance to standard mental and physical stress, and a noticeable decline in a person’s ability to work.

In addition to the overwhelming feeling of weakness, weakness, exhaustion, a person undergoes changes emotional condition, defects in cognitive functions occur. A person suffering from asthenia often experiences mood changes with a predominance of despondency and depression, which outwardly manifest as tearfulness. A person becomes nervous and irritable, which causes conflicts in his environment.

Symptoms of asthenia: restlessness, fussiness, desire to complete all tasks at the same time and quickly. However, due to the rapid exhaustion of nervous processes and the inability to concentrate, the person cannot complete the work she has started. Constant companions of asthenia are various pain sensations of a psychogenic nature: headache, “aches” in the joints and muscles, discomfort and cramps in the abdominal area.

Causes

Asthenic syndrome is caused by the presence of certain congenital and acquired factors, which, under unfavorable circumstances, provoke the onset of the disorder. The reasons for the development of asthenia are the following:

inherited predisposition to asthenic and depressive states;
innate properties of the nervous system, causing its weakness and rapid exhaustion;
asthenic personality type.

Probable causes of asthenia:

acquired defects of the central nervous system due to traumatic brain injury or vascular diseases;
spicy infectious diseases, affecting the brain;
endocrine pathologies;
oncological diseases.

A separate group of causes of asthenia also includes their consequences:

uncontrolled use of psychotropic drugs, drug dependence, abrupt withdrawal of psychostimulants;
drug use, withdrawal syndrome;
alcoholism, withdrawal symptoms.

Among the “social” causes of asthenia, psychologists highlight the excessive demands of modernity, forcing a person to exist in “emergency mode.” The most harmful factors in this group are:

political and economic instability in the country;
high unemployment;
poor financial situation of many citizens;
excessive information overload;
high demands on the performance and activity of an individual striving to build a successful career;
serious competition in the labor market.

The following reasons contribute to the development of asthenia:

low level of medical care;
availability of narcotic substances to the average person;
global alcoholization of the population of the post-Soviet space;
lack of physical activity among office workers;
lack of relaxation and relaxation skills;
improper or meager diet due to lack of financial resources among people.

Clinical signs of asthenia

The development of asthenia can be assumed based on the patient’s complaints: his sensations are focused on the very process of painful experiences of his condition. A person really suffers a lot, because he cannot understand the reasons and in any way eliminate the all-consuming weakness, insurmountable fatigue, and complete powerlessness. The individual describes that he has lost “vital energy” and is unable to perform either professional duties or everyday activities. A patient with asthenia indicates that he lacks the “tone and strength” to qualitatively perform a stereotyped intellectual task.

An important sign of asthenia is a lack of vigor after a full night’s sleep. The person indicates that his condition is: “as if he didn’t go to bed at all, but worked all night long.”

Often the patient complains that he has become indifferent to current events. However, questioning the patient establishes that he retains an interest in life and is capable of enjoying himself, but he simply does not have the strength to begin and complete any enjoyable activities.

Objective clinical signs of asthenia are the phenomena of hyperesthesia: an inadequately high response to the action of stimuli of minor strength. Symptoms of asthenic status: oversensitivity the patient not only to external stimuli, but also to internal stimuli.

A person loses calm and becomes agitated by normally inconspicuous external signals: people talking, the speech of a television announcer, birdsong, the sounds of dripping water, creaking doors. In addition to sound stimuli, the individual is disturbed by the received visual signals: flashes of bright light, flashing pictures on the monitor, natural movements, gestures and facial expressions of people. High tactile reactions are noted: some individuals cannot tolerate the process of combing, others suffer from touching the body of underwear. A tightly tied tie, tight-fitting clothes, and tight shoes get on the nerves of an asthenic person.

A subject with asthenia reacts violently to the normal processes of his body: he is unsettled by the sensation of heartbeat, sounds when inhaling and exhaling, rumbling in the digestive tract.

He intensely experiences the resulting pain syndromes, often describing that the headache is simply “driving him crazy”: “his head is cracking, splitting, seething like a cauldron.” In this case, the appearance of cephalgia is cyclical: headache is minimal in morning hours and feels like heaviness in the head, and intensifies after lunch as fatigue sets in. Many patients with asthenia are characterized by increased meteosensitivity: the malaise intensifies when weather conditions change, or when flying to areas with different climatic conditions.

Symptoms of asthenia also appear at the vegetative level, up to sympathoadrenal crises. During the period of vegetative failures, the subject is determined to have:

increased heart rate;
blood pressure surges;
instability of body position, unsteadiness of gait;
tremor of the limbs.

The person describes that a “dark veil” or “flies are flying” appeared before his eyes. He finds it difficult to breathe and feels like “the ground is disappearing from under his feet.” He is overcome by hot flashes, which are replaced by internal chills.

Asthenia and depression almost always make changes in sleep and wakefulness. During the day, the asthenic person is lethargic and drowsy, and at night he is deprived of sleep. He can't fall asleep on time. Plunging into sleep, he is overcome by nightmares. With asthenia, frequent awakenings at night are noted. Rising time is pushed back to later morning hours. At the same time, getting out of bed, he feels as if half asleep.

With asthenia, the psychological characteristics of the individual, behavior patterns, and cognitive abilities undergo changes. A unique portrait of the patient will help demonstrate a typical asthenic person.

Portrait of an asthenic

Such a personality can be characterized by its inseparable trait - defensiveness (defensive position). A defensive person is not ready to show the required degree of aggressiveness and assertiveness when faced with the difficulties of life. His credo is to silently protest, withdraw into himself, run away and hide from problems.

As a release of accumulated indignation, short outbursts of rage are observed in close surroundings, however, such a surge of irritation quickly ends due to the rapid onset of depletion of mental resources. Such an attack is caused by accumulated grievances and suspicions that all people hate him. A flash of hysteria is replaced by apologies, regrets, and tears of repentance.

An asthenic is a conscientious and compassionate nature, completely devoid of indifference and insensitivity. A conflict that greatly disturbs him is burning in his soul, in which two principles are combined: the experience of a fairly exaggerated inferiority complex and painful pride. With asthenia, the subject often attributes imaginary shortcomings to himself and is very ashamed of them. He always gives in when faced with human arrogance and rudeness.

The external manifestation of low self-esteem is indecisiveness, lack of confidence in one’s abilities, constant doubts, and shyness. In an unusual situation, when the gaze of others is directed at the asthenic person, he tries to move away to a decent distance, blushes, lowers his shoulders, tries not to look into the eyes of his opponent, and shifts from foot to foot.

A distinctive feature of an asthenic is increased impressionability, sensitivity, and “mimosa-likeness.” He cannot recover for a long time after an unpleasant event, and the sight of violence can cause him to faint. The subject is sensitive to offensive and rude words, for this reason he becomes uncommunicative, meticulously choosing his circle of acquaintances.

A feature of a person with asthenia is alarming suspiciousness, implying a significant exaggeration of the existing risk. The asthenic person “manages” to predict danger even in situations where there is no minimal threat. Instead of painstakingly analyzing the situation and inventing ways to protect himself, he simply refuses to take action.

Asthenia significantly complicates the performance of the usual work process. Absent-mindedness and rapid fatigue lead to the fact that a person performs duties poorly or does not have time to complete the work in full. At the same time, the subject is deprived of strength not only by physically or intellectually complex tasks, but also by a normal conversation with an interlocutor, performing routine actions. Due to the dispersion of attention, a person cannot connect together a long chain of tasks, which often creates an erroneous opinion about the intellectual insufficiency of an asthenic person.

Treatment options

Since asthenia is not only an independent anomaly, but is also associated with a variety of neurological diseases, somatic ailments, and mental disorders, the choice of treatment method requires a comprehensive examination of the patient. If the underlying disease is diagnosed, treatment is aimed at eliminating the factors that provoked it and minimizing the manifestation of signs of asthenia.

What to do if asthenia is not associated with other diseases? The basis for the treatment of asthenic syndrome is general strengthening measures that help normalize the functioning of the central nervous system. A patient diagnosed with asthenic status is prescribed physiotherapeutic procedures, a course of massage, acupuncture, and a complex of physical therapy. Great importance To stabilize the well-coordinated functioning of the body, properly selected water procedures are necessary: a contrast shower in the morning, swimming in a pool or open pond during the day, and a relaxing warm bath with essential oils in the evening.

For asthenia, the statement “movement is life” is true. Therefore, a special place in the treatment of the abnormal condition is given to daily walks in the fresh air and active sports. The patient is recommended to arrange his weekly schedule in such a way that he can devote his entire weekend to active entertainment: hiking in the mountains, cycling, walking in the forest. For gardening lovers, working in a personal plot is a natural healer, restoring a depleted nervous system in a natural way.

However, when starting the “rehabilitation” of your body, you should remember: initial stages Excessive physical activity is unacceptable. The intensity and duration of exercise should be increased gradually, without expecting instant results.

Treatment of asthenia is impossible without a review of the diet and proper planning of the daily menu. Persons with asthenic status should eat at least four times a day at equal intervals. The main “fueling” should occur at breakfast and lunch; after lunch, preference should be given to light, low-calorie foods. The daily diet must include porridge from cereals, vegetables and fruits of local origin, lean meats, sea fish and seafood, nuts, and dairy products.

Many people who suffer from fatigue mistakenly believe that coffee and energy drinks can “get them back on track.” This is a rather dangerous misconception: all products containing caffeine actually activate the nervous system for a short period of time, but such stimulation occurs due to intensive consumption psychic energy, so soon vigor gives way to debilitating fatigue. How to overcome asthenia? The rule for asthenics: drink a sufficient amount of clean still water (at least two liters per day).

Among the irreplaceable measures, without which it is impossible to overcome asthenia, is changing the daily work schedule. Asthenics should forget about a ten-hour or more working day, perform professional duties for no more than eight hours with a mandatory rest break at lunchtime. At the same time, the daytime break should be reserved not only for eating and discussing problems at the dinner table. This hour should be devoted to breathing exercises, relaxation techniques, and methods for relieving emotional stress.

How to get rid of asthenia once and for all? Eliminate stressful situations, minimize the expenditure of nervous energy on conflicts, quarrels, and showdowns. Without normalizing the atmosphere at home and at work, it will not be possible to restore the resources of the nervous system. Therefore, in difficult situations, all patients with asthenia are recommended to seek the help of a psychologist or psychotherapist to select the most adequate methods to eliminate stressors. Since asthenia is often a manifestation of the personal constitution, the doctor will suggest ways to “neutralize” unfavorable individual traits and help with choosing measures to transform the characterological portrait.

How to deal with asthenia without resorting to the “chemical” arsenal of the pharmaceutical industry? In simple situations, it is advisable to carry out a long course of treatment with natural stimulants and tonics. As a rule, vitamin C, E, group B and mineral complexes are prescribed. It will not be superfluous to use tinctures:

lures;
ginseng root;
Eleutherococcus;
Leuzea;
Schisandra chinensis;
Rhodiola

For asthenia of various origins, treatment often includes amino acids that promote the formation of energy at the molecular level. The following drugs have a good effect: Stimol and L-arginine. A fairly common companion of asthenic syndrome is minor defects in the cognitive and mnestic sphere, the functions of which can be restored by nootropic drugs, for example: Phezam or Cortexinum. .

If asthenia has developed against the background of impaired cerebral blood supply or is associated with alcoholism, the effective drug Mildronate should be included in the treatment. In the treatment of severe asthenic forms, it is appropriate to use psychostimulants, for example: Meridil (Meridiltim) or Sydnocarbum.

In case of protracted and persistent asthenia, additional diagnostic measures should be carried out. If asthenic depression is confirmed, treatment with antidepressants is carried out.

Instead of an afterword

Although asthenia is a common phenomenon of our time, and many people exist in an asthenic status for years, this condition is not the norm. Timely medical assistance, establishment of the true cause of the anomaly, changes in the usual lifestyle, psychotherapeutic work will allow you to feel like a completely different person: energetic and cheerful, and will give you a chance to feel the fullness of life.

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Who is it

Asthenic can be identified not only by external signs, but also by behavioral characteristics, including characteristics and ways of building contact with other people. The first manifestations of the asthenic type appear from childhood - these are weak, sickly children who find it difficult to gain not only fat weight, but also muscle weight. With these apparent shortcomings, asthenics are characterized by a large amount of tenderness and sensitivity - they do not accept rough treatment, and any use of force can become quite critical, but it is this level of sensitivity that allows them to subtly respond to touch, distinguish temperature, etc.

Physical sensitivity is based on the high degree of development of the nervous system, its mobility and sensitivity. This is what increases the level of emotional vulnerability and the tendency to introspection. The subtle nervous organization forces such people to perceive everything closely and react sharply, which ultimately can lead to nervous overload and a gradual withdrawal from social interaction. It is difficult for such people to adapt to a huge number of different temperaments and therefore they choose a narrow circle of close communication, where they feel protected, but with others they can behave rather reservedly and even coldly.

IN school age a high level of development of the sensitivity of the nervous system is manifested by rapid fatigue. This is explained by the fact that asthenics simultaneously read several streams of information, and while other children notice only the words of the teacher, they evaluate the situation in the classroom and outside it, the passage of time, changes in the appearance and mood of those around them. Due to the lack of an individual adaptive approach in educational system The child’s tension increases and ultimately manifests itself in irritability and outbursts of aggression. Over time, anxious experiences and various suspicious ideas may join.

Asthenic character

The character of asthenics is comparable to schizoid accentuation and melancholic temperament. These people are hypersensitive, but at the same time often withdraw into their own inner world– to take a break from overload external influence. Despite high degree(no one like an asthenic person can understand and feel the inner state of another) they often show tactlessness or clumsiness in communication. This occurs not so much from a desire to offend or a lack of upbringing, but rather from the fact that a person does not attach importance to feigned smiles and forced standards of decency.

Asthenics are reluctant to undergo correction and generally do not like changes; such moments are given to them with great stress. The mood may seem unstable (from coldness to maximum sympathy), but if you look closely, a pattern of these manifestations will appear (for example, aloofness when strangers appear or increased talkativeness among friends). Such people are characterized by low self-esteem and uncertainty, which are combined with vanity and hot-tempered behavior. Underestimation of one's own importance can accumulate in a person for a long time. Undermining the resources of the psyche and ultimately pouring out into a stream of rage towards others for an insignificant reason.

As for life manifestations, asthenics tend to enjoy and delve deeper into the process of work, giving less importance to the results. The need for creativity and the absence of any boundaries is the main one not only in professional activity, but also throughout life. Due to rapid exhaustion, asthenics need periodic rest, and attempts to maintain the established schedule can cost the company large losses (due to mistakes or irritability), and the person’s health.

Flow rate mental processes affects the type of response and activity. Thus, asthenics flare up very quickly and in order to get excited about a new idea or develop an affective emotional reaction, they need several times less time than all other types. In the case of positive emotions, this can be a plus, as well as activity, but negative experiences and ideas of revenge take over them at the same speed. But the assessment situation changes dramatically after a couple of moments - they quickly run out of steam and get tired. Within minutes the joy disappears, the enthusiasm disappears and the person sits without making any attempts and is emotionally disconnected.

With every nervous breakdown, experiences increasingly affect the somatic state of asthenics, which is why they become frequent visitors to hospitals. The high likelihood of developing hypochondriacal symptoms is due to both physical weakness and mental instability. Timely prevention and independent work with its own characteristics will help to avoid the effects of hospitalism and psychosomatics.

Development and work on oneself asthenics

Many consider the main problem of asthenics exclusively with thinness, although only a doctor can advise an asthenic to gain weight for medical reasons. More significant is the correction of the emotional palette and construction features own life.

An important point that combines concern for mental and physical well-being is sport. Moreover, it is better for asthenics to choose active, paired, competitive sports or various styles of wrestling.

Individual sessions Yoga with an instructor can help you relax and calm your nervous system, but the most important thing is to learn to control your aggressive outbursts and work with suppressed emotions. Wrestling, running, athletics are places where you can safely release accumulated tension, and therefore protect yourself and your loved ones from random outbursts of anger due to the accumulation of tension.

The more stress an asthenic person can relieve in a safe way, the more internal resources appears because the psyche spends more energy on restraining than on reacting. Everything that could not be realized through active actions should continue to be removed through relaxation. Alcohol and drugs are contraindicated here, since they relax the muscles, but activate the nervous system, causing it to become even more inflated. So after a good workout, massage or swimming is recommended.

You can establish social interaction by setting yourself the goal of meeting a couple of new people every day (or at least every Saturday). The main thing here is not collecting ticks, but trying to find a way of communication in which you feel maximum comfort and naturalness of the situation and your presence in it.

The longest process will be working on your inner feeling and perception of yourself - self-esteem, self-criticism, expectations and demands from others, and so on. You can deal with such categories within several months, but to make the process more efficient and faster, it is better to use advisory assistance psychotherapist. Stabilization of the emotional background is one of the primary tasks that an asthenic person should work on. The ability to control your emotions and expectations, stop excessive reflection and self-deprecation.

The ability to find sources of energy and fullness will help you not become exhausted at such a rate. For some it will be their own creativity, and for others it will be an opportunity for dosed communication with people. Saving mental resources and their timely replenishment is an algorithm necessary for every asthenic.

Speaker of the Medical and Psychological Center "PsychoMed"

A person who has an asthenic body type is often called an asthenic. Translated into Russian, “asthenic” means weak. Such a person has a thin build, his height is most often either too tall or, conversely, too short. Unlike a person with, everything about him is narrow: his chest, his shoulders. The face has an oblong shape, legs and arms are disproportionately long. Characteristic feature the asthenic type is the pallor of the skin. Such a person has a small volume, they are underdeveloped. As a rule, they have low blood pressure, which is why asthenics do not tolerate low temperatures well and their hands almost always remain cold.

People of asthenic physique prefer sweet, salty and sour, love alcohol and hot drinks. Such people have a high metabolism and in order for them to gain at least a little weight, they need to eat a lot of sweets every day. They are very good, often have a very quiet voice, despite the fact that they are often verbose. Asthenics have shallow sleep; they need little time to get enough sleep. They get sick often and return to normal long after the illness.

U asthenics often very high pride, combined with a feeling of inferiority. People with an asthenic body type can be very vulnerable and impressionable; they can faint when they see blood or become an observer of a situation where someone dies under the wheels of a car. They worry for a long time if someone says a rude word to them. However, such people are not inclined to analyze the situation; they do not like to delve into themselves and reflect on the reasons why he will act this way and not otherwise. Asthenics live quietly and do not like to stand out from the crowd. They love animals very much; they often have a large number of cats or cats at home.

In case of trouble or danger, asthenics become lost, as if they become stone and cannot do anything. They experience even an insignificant conflict for a long time, replaying the situation in their heads many times, and cannot sleep because of this. In their youth, such people try to stand out and show their coolness, but soon their asthenic character makes itself felt.

Such people have a very difficult time withstanding any changes in life. They get lost if their daily routine changes or they find themselves in unfamiliar company. Asthenics need rest much more often than representatives of other types. After him person of asthenic type It is very difficult to get involved in work; an asthenic person literally forces himself to do something necessary.

The vulnerability and shyness of asthenics especially causes them a lot of inconvenience in adolescence. They often blush and find themselves in an awkward situation. Guys and girls often start smoking so that while holding a cigarette they have somewhere to put their hands. With this habit, they pretend that they are busy with something serious and that they do not need to be distracted. At a more mature age, people get used to their character and behavior, especially since their nature softens a little. However, in old age such people become even more suspicious and even more often begin to worry about trifles. They want their loved ones to always be with them, to account for every step they take.

Negative character traits of people of asthenic body type:
- difficult to meet and get along with new people,
- fear of responsibility,
- inability to defend one's own point of view,
- frequent hypochondria,
- gloominess,
- irritability,
- suspicion,
- shyness.

Positive traits:
- scrupulousness,
- conscientiousness in labor activity,
- neatness,
- decency,
- caring for loved ones,
- emotional inhibition.