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How to teach a child to read fluently. How to learn to read quickly. Methods of teaching fast reading. Mirror of results: how to teach a child speed reading and reading techniques

How to teach a child to read fluently. How to learn to read quickly. Methods of teaching fast reading. Mirror of results: how to teach a child speed reading and reading techniques

When a child first crosses the threshold of school, he thinks about the exciting adventures that await him ahead. However, many parents at this moment bitterly realize that their child’s carefree childhood is over, and now they will have to pore over homework and books until the night in order to complete all the teacher’s assignments in a timely manner.

Pessimistic thoughts have never helped anyone! Ask yourself the question “how to teach a child to read fluently,” arm yourself with the advice of experienced teachers and, together with your little one, conquer new heights!

Reasons for Slow Reading

The only child who is more successful and better at reading than a child is the one who swallows printed words quickly and intelligently. However, without proper and regular training, the child will not be able to keep up in class.

There are many reasons for slow reading. We list the most common of them:

Lack of perseverance - problems with concentration prevent the child from awakening an interest in reading.
Low level random access memory– the kid starts to tell the story, but after 5 minutes he can’t even name the names of the main characters.
Placing responsibility for developing a child's reading skills only on the teacher - when reading and telling children new information in a literature lesson, the teacher simply physically cannot devote time and attention to each child.
Limited lexicon– the student does not understand the meaning of what he read, so he does not enjoy spending time with the book.
Insufficient practice - the child does not have the desire to pick up a book; he devotes time to reading only when doing his homework.
Underdevelopment of the articulatory apparatus - problems with pronunciation can be the reason for failure to comply with the standards of reading technique.
The presence of a neurological disorder (dyslexia) - difficulties with recognizing letters and words. In order for such a child to be able to read on an equal basis with his peers, he will have to make more efforts and enlist the support of his parents and an experienced specialist.

If your child has difficulties learning to speed read and adhere to reading techniques, parents and teachers should determine the reasons for them. Fighting the root of the problem will give greater results than eliminating its consequences.

Learning and speed reading: typical mistakes of adults

All caring parents want their child to be ahead of his peers in development or at least meet the standards. Sometimes adults take on learning to read on their own, thereby making small but serious mistakes that only set children back.

Typical mistakes of adults:

Teaching kids the name, not the pronunciation, of a letter. If a child says “meh” instead of the “m” sound, it will be difficult for him to even read simple words.
Listing letters instead of reading syllables. Sometimes parents begin to rejoice at their children's success early. They don’t notice how their child simply lists letters instead of combining them into syllables. So, there is a significant difference between the pronunciation of “m, a, m, a” and “ma-ma” that needs to be noticed in time.
Incorrect installation. “Read this text - and then you will be free”, “if you read this paragraph, I’ll let you play on the phone” and similar expressions reduce a child’s interest in reading.
Excessively long classes. Rare and long lessons will tire both the child and the adult. It is better to read short texts often than to suffer for a long time over one text every 1-2 weeks.
Threats and demands. “You are already 7 years old, you should know this”, “and your friend Masha has already read this text” - these are phrases that form an inferiority complex in the child. Each child is individual and develops at his own pace. Never forget this!

The first attempts to develop reading skills in a child are not always successful, but when reading about typical mistakes adults, the parent will learn to avoid dangers.

Five Principles of Speed Reading

Sitting for a long time with textbooks irritates both kids and parents. It seems to adults that the child is simply delaying the moment and trying to evade completing the task. The student is sure that his parents are demanding the impossible from him. In this situation, it is necessary not only to restore mutual understanding, but also to find a way to effectively complete tasks.

Mastering the following five principles will help you quickly absorb the pages of a book and turn reading into an exciting activity:

Concentration of attention. It’s hard not to notice one important detail: a child copes with an interesting book much better and faster than with a boring textbook. The game “Concentration” will allow you to train your child’s attention so that he does not get distracted while doing homework.
Suppressing the habit of pronouncing text. Silent reading helps you get through book pages faster.
Improving the ability to hold several paragraphs before your eyes. Teach your child to understand the structure of the text and read it “diagonally” - and your child will not only quickly swallow book pages, but also successfully cope with game sports that require a “keep eye”.
Information management. Explain to your child that he does not need to memorize the entire text, word for word. Play detective with him and find useful information in the entire array of printed words.
Memory development. Speed reading will allow your child to cope with textbooks 2-3 times faster than his peers. However, without the ability to remember what you read, the skill will be useless. The games “Pathfinder” or “Letter Span” will help train memory so that the child is good at both reading and reproducing information from the text.

Introduce these principles into your daily diet with new knowledge - and doing homework will no longer be a long and grueling process for a student.

Motivation for learning reading techniques

Let's be honest: there's little chance for an elementary school student to truly fall in love with reading. The most interesting books are still too tough for him because of their large volume and abundance of unfamiliar words. At this stage, the main task of parents is to develop in the child a craving for new knowledge and a desire to learn to read as quickly as possible.

Find one for your baby interesting book with short texts - appreciate the role of a collection of poems and jokes, children's encyclopedias and comics.
Read aloud to your child. Agree that your child needs to say one or two sentences from the printed text, and you will speak out the whole page.
Use extrinsic motivation.

Mastering the skill of reading is difficult task, which is impossible to cope with in one day. Go towards this goal in small steps every day, and progress will not take long.

Do not give your child a thick book without pictures or with small font. It is better to give preference to text that is decorated with colorful illustrations or clearly divided into paragraphs. Interesting literature will awaken interest in reading and turn it into a desired process.
Don’t consider the book a punishment - avoid the phrase “well, if you have nothing better to do, let’s read now” and similar formulations. An incorrect attitude will reinforce the child’s belief that reading is long, unpleasant and uninteresting.
Don't offer sweets computer games and other specific awards. Otherwise, the child will consider reading to be a nasty thing that you just have to go through in order to get what you want.
Do not watch a movie or cartoon with your child before familiarizing yourself with the work.
Read for yourself, and enthusiastically retell the new information to your baby. Your child will be inspired by your example and will also want to spend time reading a book.

To revive a child’s interest in reading, you need to make regular efforts. The main task of a parent is to make sure that the child enjoys spending time with a book in his hands. Do not scold your child, do not compare him with peers and do not turn classes into punishment for some offense.

Do not force children to read, but stimulate their interest in knowledge. Buy them a colorful book, retell your favorite fairy tale, promise to watch a movie about your favorite characters later. Reading shouldn't be a desperate attempt to get organized. homework. Turn it into an exciting process that you will want to return to again and again.

How to teach a child to read quickly?

Unobtrusive regular training will make learning to read an interesting and fun process.

If you are still thinking about how to teach your child to read expressively and fluently, we recommend doing the following exercises:

“Joker letters” - prepare cards with rhymes, proverbs and riddles. Don’t forget to make 3-4 letters “abnormal”: make them stand on your head, lie on your side, or represent some kind of sign or object. Ask your child to read what is written on the card.
"Fly". Fantasize with your child about how a fly, dog, snake, etc. would speak. Feel free to get creative when teaching reading.
"Who is bigger?". Invite your child to choose his favorite letter from the alphabet. Take turns naming the words that begin with it.
"Chain". This exercise is based on the principle of the popular game "Cities". Since the student junior school not always strong in geography, take turns naming any objects or phenomena with him. The main thing is that the first letter of the new word coincides with the ending of the previous one.
Crossing Out is another example of how learning to read can be made fun and creative. Prepare cards, texts with pictures, printed in large print, or pages from a children's magazine. Invite your child to cross out one letter. Don't force your child to read quickly and cross out as much as possible. The point of the task is not to miss a single letter in the text.
“Wave” is an exercise designed for kids who can read 50-60 words without any problems. First, students need to read the text as usual, and then children try to repeat the same thing when the book is at an angle of 90 or 180 degrees. Start the exercise with one or two sentences and be sure to include “The Wave” in your regular reading lessons.
Reading tables of syllables and words. Record your time on a stopwatch and track your progress.

Remember that each exercise must be performed twice. The first lesson is designed for practice, and the second one is for consolidating the results.

With the right approach to learning, children will develop a genuine interest in reading. The course of daily training should additionally include retellings and games to develop memory and attention.

Mirror of results: how to teach a child speed reading and reading techniques?

Even the smallest step towards achieving a goal deserves praise. Create a board with the results above the student’s desk and don’t forget to be interested in his progress in completing online games to train memory and attention.

You should not push your child in learning - the principle “faster, higher, stronger” does not always give a positive result. Instead, develop your own formula for success:

Get ready for a new peak together: read the texts one by one, think about joke letters, cross out a certain letter and retell it.
Forget about comparing your child with classmates and acquaintances.
Don't place all your hopes only on the teacher. The lesson is limited in time, so it will not always be possible to read to children under his careful supervision.
Don't exercise for more than 30 minutes a day without stopping. You should not forcefully read, otherwise children will lose interest in this process. It is better to divide the lesson into two blocks, with breaks.
Find out the reading standards and regularly check your results to ensure they meet them.

To study speed reading, get children interested in words, and teach them to meaningfully absorb books, monitor your child’s results. Don't demand, but be interested. Do not speak, but read silently. Don't rush to watch cartoons, but first read the original work. And then everything will work out!

HOW TO TEACH A CHILD TO READ FLUENTLY If your child can already read whole phrases passably syllable by syllable, we gradually move on to teaching the child to read fluently. Below are 14 lessons with which you can teach your child to read fluently, and most importantly, correctly. It is advisable to teach a six- to seven-year-old child to read fluently for no more than 30 minutes once or twice a day. You can complete these lessons in any order. No more than 4 lessons per day. LESSON 1 How to properly develop a child's vigilance Try to complete this task: - In a series of five or six vowel letters, insert one consonant. Invite your child to find the extra letter. You can vary this task. - Write down words in which only one letter is different: whale - cat; juice - bough; forest - weight, etc. The child must answer how the words differ from each other. LESSON 2 Gymnastics that develops articulation in a child These activities help improve pronunciation, promote proper breathing and help make speech clearer. Game “make a word from halves” Choose simple words consisting of two syllables. One lesson will require at least ten words. Write these words on two cards and ask your child to put the words together correctly. Cards need to be changed constantly. LESSON 3 How to quickly train attention The task is as follows. Your baby is reading text in a book. At your command “Stop!” he takes his eyes off the book, closes them and rests. On the command “Read!” the child must find the fragment where he paused his reading. LESSON 4 Semantic guess (anticipation) The principle of anticipation - when reading, the child’s peripheral vision sees the outline of the next word. From what he reads, he draws a conclusion - which word should come next. To develop a semantic guess, you can do the following exercise with your child. Write words in which either a letter or a syllable is missing. Give your child the opportunity to guess which letters need to be written. These activities significantly improve a child's ability to learn to read fluently. LESSON 5 Teach your child parallel reading You will need two identical texts. Start reading slowly, and let your child read after you, following the lines with your finger. Gradually speed up the pace, but make sure your baby doesn't lag behind. LESSON 6 Reading for a while Choose a simple text. Record the time (for example, a minute) and let the child read. When the time is up, count how many words the child managed to read in a minute. When reading again, the child will read more words. To develop clear pronunciation, read tongue twisters with your child. Read them slowly and in a whisper at first. Then - confidently and loudly. Make sure your child pronounces the endings of words clearly. In the same way, read proverbs and sayings with your child. How to teach a child to read well? The baby must learn to read to himself. When a child reads aloud, the eyes see the text and send a signal to the brain. At the same time, the speech organs are prepared, and the ears perceive the spoken text. LESSON 7 “Stress” game Choose a word with several syllables and try with your child to emphasize each syllable. The child must determine which accent is correct. Try to involve your child in the reading process. While reading your favorite fairy tale to him, stop at the very interesting place. Say that you are tired of reading and ask your child to read a short passage of text. LESSON 8 Watch filmstrips This activity is the best way to train your reading technique. LESSON 9 How to develop a child’s visual field a) Draw a table. Write one letter in each box. Invite your child to read them all to himself, pointing to the letters with a pencil. You need to read as quickly as possible and remember the sequence of letters. b) Invite the child to read an unfamiliar text to himself. This should be done as quickly as possible and with lips closed. Then offer to retell what you read. Now you can read the text again, but out loud. Invite your child to read aloud while listening to music. Train your child to read words written in different fonts. LESSON 10 Play role-playing reading. You need to read the text with different intonations: the bear - in a rough voice, the bunny - in a thin and quiet voice. LESSON 11 To teach your child to read fluently, practice reading upside down text. This is how memorization of complete letter patterns develops. The child will learn to combine the semantic ending of a word with letter analysis. Do not start this exercise right away, but when the child learns to read without errors. Thanks to this exercise, the child will learn to read quickly and correctly. LESSON 12 Game “find the word” Say any word and invite the child to quickly find it in the text. This is how the ability to see a holistic image of a word is formed and verbal memory develops. LESSON 13 Rhythmic exercise While reading an unfamiliar text, the child must tap a certain rhythm with a pencil, which has been learned in advance. LESSON 14 Playing with consonants. Invite your child to inhale: and while exhaling, quickly read any set of fifteen consonant letters. For example: r, t, d, k, w, v, n, d, s, h, x, b, f, f, p. Now you know how to teach a child to read well and fluently. But under no circumstances try to teach a child to read fluently if he is under 6 years old or is still poorly prepared (does not know all the letters, often pronounces words incorrectly when reading simple text written in large font).

Thanks to these exercises, your child will learn to read quickly and correctly.

Many of us still remember that same red primer with the big bright letter “A” on the cover. Thanks to this book, millions of children quickly learned to read. Time has passed, and now these children have matured and become parents themselves. But now they no longer turn to the very book from which they themselves once learned to read. Nowadays, there are so many methods in fashion for teaching children to read that you can easily get confused as to what to choose in order to quickly teach your child to read and, most importantly, correctly. Tyulenev's methodology is intended for teaching babies almost from the cradle; Zaitsev's cubes and Maria Montessori's rough letters promise miracles in learning. Young parents rush between all these methods, and with them, so does their child.

And yet, how to teach a child to read, which method to give preference to, when to start learning and where? These questions concern many young fathers and mothers. But few of them think about the fact that learning letters and being able to put them into words and phrases with sentences is not at all the most important thing.

It's very fashionable now early development kids. As soon as a child is one year old, they begin to teach him to read and count. But it has already been proven that this is fraught with consequences for the developing psyche of children. The belief that the earlier a child’s education begins, the better is wrong. According to neurologists, parents who strive for very early education can harm their baby.

Let's figure out how a child is formed.

– From the early stages of pregnancy and up to three years, the formation of the first functional block of the brain occurs, which is responsible for the emotional, cognitive and bodily perception of the child.

– At the age of three and up to five to eight years, the second functional block of the brain is formed. It controls perception: vision, hearing, smell, taste, touch.

According to ophthalmologists, early learning of a child to read is fraught with consequences for the eyes - myopia may develop from premature visual stress. Experts do not recommend teaching reading earlier than five or six years of age. Before this age, the formation of the ciliary muscle, which is responsible for visual acuity, occurs.

– The development of a child’s conscious mental activity occurs between the ages of seven and fifteen years.

The functional blocks of the brain are formed sequentially. All attempts by parents to “jump” any of the stages will negatively affect the development of natural processes that occur in the child’s body at one time or another. There is simply a distortion in the natural development of the baby. The effects of a child's early education may not be immediately apparent. That is what they are fraught with. Years later, this can affect emotional and personal relationships with people. It can also result in an unpredictable form: stuttering, tics, neuroses, various speech disorders and obsessive movements.

How to determine that a child is physiologically ready to learn to read?

– the child has developed speech, he can speak in sentences and compose a coherent story;

– the baby has no speech therapy disorders. And here we mean not only correct pronunciation individual sounds, but also disturbances in the rhythm and melody of speech;

– the child is well oriented in space, without getting confused in the concepts of up and down, right - left;

– phonemic awareness the child is quite developed - he easily recognizes the sound not only at the beginning of a word, but also in its middle part and at the end of the word.

How to teach a child to read correctly so as not to cause tears, reproaches and resentment? This question is asked most often by parents of future first-graders. Of course, you can stick to the method that is familiar to everyone. It comes down to daily monotonous activities, during which the child learns to write hooks and sticks, and also reads an ABC book. But all fathers and mothers know that such activities bring boredom, fatigue and irritation; the child does not learn to read thoughtfully. As a result, a reluctance to study develops. And although the child will receive certain knowledge and skills, such training is unlikely to become for him a good school for the development of feelings and emotions, as well as a means of understanding the world around him and himself in it. To make learning an exciting game and turn it into a joint creative process between children and adults, so that the child learns to read correctly and quickly, choose a different path.

Just like babies learn to understand oral speech, they must learn to read words and sentences. But the most important thing is that it is quite real and the facts confirm it.

Scientists have proven that the eye sees, but is not aware of what it sees; the ear perceives sound, but does not understand what it hears. The whole process of understanding this happens purely in the brain.

When we hear a spoken word or sentence, the sounds are split into several electrochemical impulses that are sent to the brain. Our brain connects all these impulses together and perceives their meaning and meaning. A similar effect occurs with vision. Our eyes see what is written, but do not understand it. The brain does not see what is written, but understands it.

The visual and auditory endings are passed through the brain, which processes the information received. If a child had to master only one of many skills, then such a skill would undoubtedly be the ability to read. It is the basis of all types of standard, formal and informal learning.

How to quickly teach a child to read so that he doesn’t get tired and lose interest? Exercise regularly, but not for long. For the first lessons, five to ten minutes will be enough. Gradually this time can be increased to thirty minutes. Conduct the lesson in the form of a game - it should be easy, interesting and not boring for the child.

Before you start reading techniques, learn all the letters with your baby. Cubes will help very well with this. The pictures drawn on them will help you recognize the object and associate it with the letter. Teach your child to correctly name the letters: watermelon - “A”, house - “D”, etc. Play a game with your child - ask him to find the letter “A”. At the same time, do not rush to give hints. The child must learn to find the right cube on his own. If he can't do it, he needs help.

10 important advice that will help you teach your child to read correctly:

What reading teaching method should I follow? When teaching your child to read syllables, give preference to the usual primer, which was compiled by K. Zhukova. This book is an effective assistant for a child who learns to understand how to put letters into syllables, syllables into words, and these words into whole sentences. There are not many pictures in the book, but there are enough of them so that the child does not get bored.

In what order should vowels and consonants be taught? First, we teach the child open vowels - A, O, U, E, Y. Now you can start with solid consonants - M, N. But make sure that the child pronounces them correctly: not “um”, and not “me”, but simply “m”. Next in line are dull and hissing sounds: Ш, С, etc.

Don’t forget to review the material with your child at every lesson. previous lesson. Remember together what sounds you learned in the last lesson. By reinforcing the material you have covered, you will help your child develop a competent reading mechanism.

Look in the ABC book. Show your baby how the first letter of the syllable “m” rushes to the second letter “a”. Explain to your child that this is how it should be pronounced: mm-ma-a-a - mm-ma-a-a. In such an accessible form, the child understands that one letter runs to another. As a result, they are spoken together, without separating from each other.

Now let's start learning simple syllables. To easily teach a child to read, you need to start with simple syllables, in which there are only two letters: ma, la, ra, mu, mo. The child must master and understand how two letters form a syllable. It is important for him to master the mechanism of reading syllables. After he understands this, he will easily learn to read more complex syllables - with dull and hissing consonants: shi, yes, vo, etc.

You can start learning more complex syllables. Don't rush to read words or books. Let your child better understand the mechanism of reading syllables. Just complicate the task - read with it syllables that begin with a vowel: am, av, he, up.

After all the syllables have been mastered, we begin to read the simplest words: “ma-ma”, “ra-ma”, “we-lo”.

How easy is it to teach a child to read syllables? Be sure to teach your child to pronounce syllables correctly. This is a guarantee that he will learn to read well. Note. According to one of the methods, teachers and educators in kindergartens teach children to sing syllables. Kids quickly get used to this and sing the syllables constantly in one breath. However, they do not make any pauses between words. Some kids get so carried away that they sing the entire paragraph without observing punctuation marks - periods, exclamation marks and question mark. If you decide to teach your child to read, do it well. You don't need to let your child sing everything. Draw his attention to pauses between words, and especially between sentences. Teach your child to this order: sang a word - pause, sang the second - pause. In the future, he himself will learn to shorten pauses. But at the beginning of training it is simply necessary to do them.

At what age is it best to teach a child to read? You shouldn't get ahead of things. At the age of three or four, it is unlikely that your child will be interested in poring over books, learning to read and put letters into syllables. At this age it is definitely too early to start learning to read. The only exceptions are those cases when the child himself clearly demonstrates his desire for this.

But at the age of five and six, children must be taught so that they can read and write words in block letters. Those children who go to kindergarten, educators teach this. If your baby does not attend kindergarten, you will have to work with the child. Let your grandparents take on this responsibility, at least partially. As a last resort, hire a tutor. This is necessary because modern methods assume that the child will come to first grade already prepared and reading syllables. This is also important from a psychological point of view. If you teach your child to read before school, in the first grade it will be easy for him to read and the first stress from school will be avoided.

To quickly and correctly teach your child to read syllables, turn studying into a game. You should not force your child to read expressively or fluently. It is much more important that he independently be able to put letters into syllables, read them in a book, and be able to compose words, phrases and sentences. He simply needs to master the reading technique. It doesn’t matter if at first it is slow and difficult for the baby. While remaining calm, smoothly and quietly help him correct mistakes while reading. Let it be like a game. After all, in the game you can relax without getting stressed. In the process of learning to read, you need to ensure that the child, without straining, understands what the elders want from him.

If you follow these tips, you will be able to teach your baby to read fairly well in just a month or a month and a half.

If your child can already read whole phrases passably syllable by syllable, we gradually move on to teaching the child to read fluently. Below are 14 lessons with which you can teach your child to read fluently, and most importantly, correctly. It is advisable to teach a six- to seven-year-old child to read fluently for no more than 30 minutes once or twice a day. You can complete these lessons in any order. No more than 4 lessons per day.

How to properly develop a child’s vigilance

Try this task:

– In a series of five or six vowel letters, insert one consonant. Invite your child to find the extra letter. You can vary this task.

– Write down words in which only one letter is different: whale – cat; juice - bough; forest - weight, etc. The child must answer how the words differ from each other.

Gymnastics that develops articulation in a child

These activities help improve your pronunciation, promote proper breathing, and help make your speech clearer.

Game “make a word from halves”

Choose simple words consisting of two syllables. One lesson will require at least ten words. Write these words on two cards and ask your child to put the words together correctly. Cards need to be changed constantly.

How to quickly train attention

The task is as follows. Your baby is reading text in a book. At your command “Stop!” he takes his eyes off the book, closes them and rests. On the command “Read!” the child must find the fragment where he paused his reading.

Semantic guess (anticipation)

The principle of anticipation - when reading, the child’s peripheral vision sees the outline of the next word. From what he reads, he draws a conclusion - which word should come next.

To develop a semantic guess, you can do the following exercise with your child. Write words in which either a letter or a syllable is missing. Give your child the opportunity to guess which letters need to be written. These activities significantly improve a child's ability to learn to read fluently.

Teach your child parallel reading

You will need two identical texts. Start reading slowly, and let your child read after you, following the lines with your finger. Gradually speed up the pace, but make sure your baby doesn't lag behind.

Reading for a while

Choose simple text. Record the time (for example, a minute) and let the child read. When the time is up, count how many words the child managed to read in a minute. When reading again, the child will read more words.

To develop clear pronunciation, read tongue twisters with your child. Read them slowly and in a whisper at first. Then - confidently and loudly. Make sure your child pronounces the endings of words clearly. In the same way, read proverbs and sayings with your child.

Game "make an accent"

Choose a word with several syllables and try with your child to emphasize each syllable. The child must determine which accent is correct.

Try to involve your child in the reading process. When reading your favorite fairy tale to him, stop at the most interesting place. Say that you are tired of reading and ask your child to read a short passage of text.

Watch filmstrips

This activity is the best way to train your reading technique.

How to develop a child's visual field

a) Draw a table. Write one letter in each box. Invite your child to read them all to himself, pointing to the letters with a pencil. You need to read as quickly as possible and remember the sequence of letters.

To teach your child to read fluently, practice reading upside down text. This is how memorization of complete letter patterns develops. The child will learn to combine the semantic ending of a word with letter analysis. Do not start this exercise right away, but when the child learns to read without errors. Thanks to this exercise, the child will learn to read quickly and correctly.

General idea of reading technique

Reading is a process in which two sides are distinguished: semantic and technical. By semantic we mean understanding the content of the text, and by technical we mean fast, correct, expressive reading.

Reading technique is regularly checked in primary school, as well as in 5th and 6th grade. Students are given an unfamiliar text that they must read for one minute. Then the teacher counts the number of words and asks the child 1-2 reading comprehension questions.

The reading technique test takes into account:

speed;
reading comprehension;
absence of omissions and errors in the pronunciation of words;
presence of semantic stress, pauses.

Standard reading speed indicators for schoolchildren (per minute):

1st grade – 30-40 words;
2nd grade – 40-60 words;
3rd grade – 60-80 words;
4th grade – 90-120 words.

To improve reading technique, a child must smoothly, gradually move from slow syllabic reading to reading whole words. This must be done by the end of primary school, otherwise in middle school it will be very difficult for the student to master large amounts of material.

It is worth noting that many children, especially in 1st grade, The very process of publicly testing reading techniques is frightening. This can lead to errors, which can sometimes explain the low speed. Therefore, it may be worth checking the child at home again. If the result improves, the same will happen with the little reader’s self-esteem.

Why is speed important?

Reading speed is a direct factor influencing a student’s academic performance. It is believed that normal, adequate reading speed is equal to the speed of spoken speech, which is 120-150 words per minute. Why is it so necessary for a student to strive for this indicator? It's a matter of simple mathematics.

It has been estimated that in grades 6-7 secondary school The student receives daily oral homework of 8 pages (all oral assignments). This is approximately 6.5 thousand words, which will take about an hour at an average speed of 110 words per minute.

To master the material, and not just familiarize yourself with it, you need to read 2 or even 3 times, which increases the time to 2-3 hours a day. Let's add time that needs to be devoted to written assignments.

It is easy to conclude that a student who reads poorly or will devote most of the day only to lessons, or he simply won’t torture himself with them, which will affect his grades.

Among other things, reading speed affects the development process: memory and attention improve. And reading speed is affected by the amount of reading: the more, the faster.

Reasons for failure

Undeveloped memory. This is not a pathology for a preschooler, so don’t be alarmed. It happens that a child, reading, for example, the fifth word in a line, forgets the first. Because of this, the idea is lost, the child does not understand what is said in the text, and as a result, interest is lost.
If they come across Difficult words, the child stumbles and reads them slowly. The reason for this may also be poor functioning of the speech organs.
Low concentration. The baby is easily distracted by various external factors, as well as by his own thoughts, and interest in reading dissipates.
Vision angle. It often happens that a child does not see the whole word, but only a few of its letters. This slows down reading.
Return to what you read. Often the young reader’s eyes return to the previous word or sentence, and he re-reads them.
Inappropriate literature. Texts should be selected in accordance with the preferences and age of the child.

Often, learning is hampered by the child's lack of self-confidence and fear of making mistakes. Or he is simply bored while reading, the text is uninteresting.

A realistic look at a child's abilities

You should not demand from a child what he wants. this moment can't do it. Learning to read should proceed calmly, without nerves, with a great deal of patience on the part of parents.

If you force your child to pore over books against his will, and then also swear when he cannot adequately squeeze out at least a few sentences, the result will not be positive.

First of all, a parent needs to come to terms with the fact that his child does not have superpowers, he is not a child prodigy, but an ordinary kid who needs help and understanding.

The reading process must be turned into an exciting activity, the student must be motivated, do not forget to praise him, and in no case should he be irritated.

Parental help

To help your baby, just follow a few rules:

Interesting texts. Do not bombard a beginning reader with boring literature, even if educational nature. So that he does not give up reading, it must captivate him. Choose books according to his passions.
Games. The reading process can be turned into a game in many ways. More details about them below. You can also organize home competitions for the best reader.
Read with your child regularly for 30 minutes a day.
Personal example. It is difficult to instill a love for books in someone if you don’t love them yourself. Show by your own example that this is interesting and educational.
Patience. Don't push, don't rush, show restraint and understanding.

Positive motivation. It is worth talking more about what a child will achieve in the future if he learns to read well. If you constantly repeat that he will grow up ignorant, provided that he does not read as expected, the result will be worse.
Individuality of learning. As they say, you can’t cut everyone with the same brush. A method that works for one student may not work for another. The same applies to the pace of learning. For everyone, it is chosen that is suitable, which is impossible to do at school, which is why it is so important to read at home.

Education

You need to teach your child to read by involving him in an interesting gameplay. First, you should attract his attention to this activity through games, then maintain this attention through various exercises.

Here are some of them:

Learning the alphabet. We learn new letters every day. To do this, we prepare cards with bright illustrations. Let the baby look for similarities between letters and objects. Reading involves sounds, not letters, so when learning the alphabet, read the sound, not the name of the letter.
Train wherever you are. Ask your child, for example, while walking, to name all the objects he encounters with a certain letter. If it’s hard for him, help him, give him some advice.

Attach labels to objects around the house. So these objects will be associated in the child’s mind with certain words. Move your finger over the word and, for example, “SOFA”, “MIRROR”, etc.
Word recognition game. Prepare cards in advance with words familiar to the baby (“dad”, “mom”, “TV”, “door”, etc.), place them in front of him. One of the parents says a phrase, and the child looks among the cards for the word that is in the sentence.

“Mom has prepared a very tasty lunch” - the child chooses a card with the word “mom”.

Making words from cubes or cards. 3-4 letters are selected, from which the child makes words. Gradually add the number of letters, complicating the task. There may also be syllables on the cards.
Learn nursery rhymes and songs with your baby. This develops memory.
Letter recognition game. Parents give a letter, and the child looks for words with it at the beginning, middle or end.

How to teach a child to read quickly and correctly at 6-7 years old?

You can teach speed reading to a first-grader using more complex exercises:

Reading is a vital skill. You must convince your child of this. Leave him notes with instructions, requests, wishes. Sometimes arrange a mini-quest: let him look for a gift using signs and instructions.
Parallel reading. We take two identical texts (for mother and child). The mother reads aloud, changing intonation and tempo, and the child follows the reading. You can stop and ask the child to continue, or read the last sentence spoken, or find a name. Assignments may vary.
Tongue Twisters. Be sure to develop your articulatory apparatus.
Words that differ by one letter. Take pairs of words, for example, cat - code, dough - place, etc. The child must explain how the words differ in appearance and explain the meaning of each.
Speed reading. Time yourself for a minute, and after reading, count the number of words. Then ask your child to read the same passage again, with the emphasis that he will do better the second time. And it will really work. So he will read faster every time.

Reading to yourself. Reading out loud is always slower, so sometimes give your child the task of reading to himself and then retelling what he read.
Development of the visual field. In a table, for example, 5x5, write a letter or syllable in each cell. Have the student read them from right to left and vice versa, from top to bottom, diagonally. Give the task to find a specific letter or syllable, to compose a word, as in a word word, only at the simplest level.
Reading with a buzz. The child reads the text to himself and hums out loud like a bee. This exercise is aimed at increasing concentration.

Exercises for children 8 years old

To develop reading fluency in a second grader, we increase the load and complicate the tasks:

Game "Words from words". Write a long word, such as “wayward,” and ask them to make several small ones from it.
Proposals requiring adjustments. Write a set of words similar to a sentence, and the child will put all the words in their places: “The guys went for a swim in the river.”
Development of anticipation. Take a text where words come with missing letters. As the child reads, he fills in the missing elements.
Reading "By Tops and Roots." Take a ruler and close it bottom part lines and let the child read the tops. When this task is well worked out, you can move on to the roots.

"Thinking out loud". The child is asked a question or given an initial phrase and has about 10 minutes to think about it. He must come up with and voice a coherent text. It is necessary to monitor the logic of the sequence, the correctness of presentation, speech errors, correct them.
You can try reading from right to left. The task is not easy, but it is interesting and even fun for children.
To complicate the task, the text can be turned over - first by 90 degrees, then by 180. This way, images of whole words will be deposited in the child’s memory.
Reading by roles. Several people can participate, each one voicing their character with the required intonation. Also, a child can read for all the characters alone, changing his voice when moving from one character to another.

And a few more tips:

Vary your tasks, don't get stuck on one. This will stir up interest.
Praise constantly. Do not force, do not punish with reading, do not compare with the achievements of other children. Compare your child with yourself, his current achievements with past ones, and aim for the future.
Show by personal example that a book is a storehouse of knowledge. Read not only for the child, but also for yourself in front of his eyes.

Read to your child at night.
Choose stories with an intriguing ending for your lessons - the young reader should be interested in how the story ends.
Train with early years for a detailed retelling.
The main thing is to instill in your child from an early age respect for books, convince them that they need to be handled carefully and with care.