How they check the Unified State Examination in the Russian language. How I was an exam expert

The Russian language exam is mandatory for all graduates. Admittedly, for those who only need to overcome the minimum barrier, it is not difficult. But if you expect to get a high score, then you need to seriously prepare. Expert Elena Buzina, the presenter of a popular group for preparing for the Russian language exam “I’m writing for a hundred,” told Ucheba.ru about how best to do this.

Elena BUZINA,

Unified State Exam expert, candidate of pedagogical sciences,

presenter of the VKontakte group “I’m writing for a hundred”

What do you think is the biggest difficulty of the Russian language exam?

There are no difficulties in the Russian language exam in the Unified State Exam format, and this is true. If they arise, they are easy to overcome. To do this, you first need to carefully study demo version test, specification and codifier. The day before school year all these documents are published on the official website Federal Institute pedagogical measurements (FIPI). After analyzing them, you need to determine which tasks cause you difficulties and begin preparing, taking this into account.

The Russian language is the only exam that can serve as a “lifesaver” for those who enter prestigious universities. It is very difficult to pass more than 90 points in mathematics. Physics, chemistry or biology - even more so. And passing the Russian language with more than 90 points is entirely within the capabilities of anyone who sets such a goal.

But, of course, if you plan to get a high score (80 and above), then without systematic repetition you will hardly be able to pass the Unified State Exam in Russian, like any other exam.

What topics have you found to be the most challenging?

The most difficult topics are well known: within three years, since a new Unified State Exam model in the Russian language, several tasks are stable “champions” in terms of the lowest percentage of completion.

First of all, this is task No. 14 from the “Spelling” block, which tests knowledge of the rules for writing one or two “n”, and task No. 19 in the “Punctuation” block. In this task you need to choose the correct answer by analyzing a complex sentence with different types communications.

Graduates show consistently low results when completing tasks based on the source text that is proposed for work. These are tasks No. 21, No. 22 and No. 23. Their difficulty lies in the fact that the correct answer must be found in the text that the graduate reads during the exam for the first time.

What to do? For the “Spelling” block, you need to repeat the rule - do not memorize, but learn to work based on the algorithm and perform all actions sequentially in order to find the correct answer to the question posed. However, this approach applies to absolutely all tasks in the block.

To learn how to complete tasks from the “Punctuation” block, you need to repeat the basic rules that are given in 8th grade. You need to very well repeat the topic “Simple sentence”: understand the laws of such a sentence, how it can be structured, how it can be complicated. After this, it will be easy to complete tasks on complex sentences, because in reality there are several simple sentences, combined in different ways.

What is the best way to prepare for the exam? Are there any secrets?

Secret one: distribute the tasks of the first part (tasks No. 1 to No. 24) into thematic blocks. There are several of them: tasks No. 8-14 make up the "Spelling" block, tasks No. 15-19 - the "Punctuation" block, tasks No. 4-7 - the "Speech Culture" block. Tasks No. 1-3 and No. 20-24 are two blocks that test the skills of semantic and speech analysis, including the large text that is given in the test.

Secret two: in each block, highlight the easiest and most difficult tasks for you personally. Repeat the rules. It is easier to work with any rule if it is given in the form of a diagram, tablet or algorithm. When you are training, you can and should look there as much as necessary in order to remember the rule and the order of its application.

Secret three: consolidation. To do this, you can turn to the popular website “I will solve the Unified State Exam”. Having worked through the rule, you need to immediately complete at least five, and preferably 15 tasks. You must complete 10-15 tasks of this type in paper version. You can use the manuals that your teachers recommend to prepare for the exam.

What type of questions are considered the most difficult? What is the best way to train with them? Which questions give the most points and is it worth “pushing” on them?

The Russian language test has four tasks for which more than one point is awarded. These are tasks No. 1 and No. 15, for which you can get 2 points. They are defined as “basic level of difficulty”, meaning that absolutely anyone can do them.

But there are only three tasks that belong to a high level of complexity in the first part of the Unified State Exam in the Russian language: No. 7, No. 23 and No. 24. Task No. 7 and task No. 24 are the most “expensive”: 5 and 4 points, respectively. And this assessment is quite fair - the number of correct answers, the number of points will be counted. If, for example, in task No. 7 you correctly compare two sentences, you will receive 2 points, and so on.

Task No. 24 is a list of means of expression that are used to create figurative speech. In this task, nine terms are given, from which you need to choose four and put them in the correct place in the review. In order to complete this task, you need serious study of the theory and very good training. But his percentage successful implementation much higher than task No. 14 (one or two “n” in different parts of speech), although children learn to apply these rules starting in the 5th grade.

Please pay special attention to the fact that in tasks No. 7 and No. 24, the order in which answers are entered into the form is fundamentally important. If it is violated, it turns out that you made a mistake when completing tasks. This way you will lose points.

It is very important to learn how to read the question correctly. Everything that the assignment requires is formulated clearly, and if you read carefully, it is very difficult to make a mistake with how to enter the answers into the form. For example, the task: “Which of the following statements are true? Indicate the number of answers." The very posing of the question prepares you for the need to choose more than one answer option. And here is a fragment of another task: “From sentence No. 33-34, write down a word with the meaning (...).” A single number in a question means that for the correct answer you need to choose only one word.

When completing task No. 23 (this task increased complexity, although it only gives 1 point), you need to be very attentive to the wording and analyze exactly the sentence that is indicated in the task. Here's how it sounds: “Among the sentences (numbers are indicated below), find one (or such) that is (are) connected to the previous one using cognate words. Write the number(s) of this (these) sentence(s).” Only the ability and willingness to analyze will allow you to find the correct answer to this question.

It is worth paying attention to tasks No. 8-14 in the “Spelling” block. Here you need to write down the word that meets the condition and enter it into the answer form. The word you choose must be entered correctly on the answer sheet. If there is a spelling error, the answer will not be counted. The same thing will happen if you enter a word, but forget to write the correct letter in the place of the gap indicated in the test.

All these and other details are described in great detail in the specification of test materials, and it is useful to refer to it.

IN THE EXAM YOU NEED TO CAREFULLY EDIT THE ALREADY WRITTEN TEXT

How to write an argumentative essay in order to get paid for it maximum amount points?

Task No. 25 - essay-reasoning - has a very great importance. You can get a maximum of 24 points for it, which is more than 42% of the total points for correctly completing the entire test. It must be said right away that today almost all graduates perform this part of the work: even those who are just crossing the lower threshold receive at least 3-5 points on this task.

The essay is checked by two independent experts based on 12 criteria. They can be divided into blocks:

  • criteria 1-4 are responsible for the content: for how the text of the essay itself is created, how the problem is formulated, how a commentary on it is given, how the author’s position is formulated and his own point of view is argued;
  • criteria 5-6 evaluate the quality, structure and completeness of speech;
  • criteria 7-10 evaluate literacy, and according to criteria 7 (“Assessing spelling”) and 8 (“Assessing punctuation”), you can get a maximum of three points, and this is a lot;
  • the so-called “Ethical Criterion” and “Factual Accuracy” make it possible to evaluate the background material with which the graduate worked, and how correct the text was, according to estimates, with accurate facts.

These criteria are quite clear and transparent. But it is formally impossible to get high scores when approaching each of these steps. In order to earn at least 20 points, it is important to learn how to carefully edit an already written text: work with the draft and check the final copy. IN

Developers exam tasks answered the most frequently asked questions from graduates

Text: Natalya Lebedeva/RG
Photo: Alexey Malgavko/RIA Novosti

One of two mandatory exams(the second is mathematics), which all students take. This year, graduates will take the Russian language exam on A.S. Pushkin’s birthday, June 6. If the result is too low, you can try to retake the exam on a reserve day - June 26, or in an additional period - 4 September. What you need to know about the exam to pass it maximum score the first time?

1. How many points can you get on the Unified State Exam in Russian?

For correct completion of all tasks of the examination paper, you can get a maximum of 58 primary points. For a well-written essay you can get 24 points.

To receive a high school diploma, you must score a minimum of 24 points. And if an eleventh-grader plans to enter a university, no matter what specialty, the exam must be passed with at least 36 points.

2. How much time is given to complete all tasks?

210 minutes, or 3.5 hours, are allotted to complete the examination work in the Russian language.

3. What knowledge will be tested at the Unified State Exam in the Russian language?

The tasks of the examination paper in the Russian language test knowledge of the norms of text construction, lexical, spelling, punctuation, grammatical norms of modern Russian literary language, the ability to create text based on what you read.

4. What tasks does the exam version consist of?

Each version of the exam Unified State Examination work in the Russian language consists of two parts and includes 26 tasks that differ in form and level of difficulty.

Part 1 contains 25 short answer tasks (tasks open type to record a self-formulated correct answer and a choice task and to record one correct answer from the proposed list of answers).

The tasks of the first part test the exam participants' understanding educational material both at basic and high levels of complexity: the latter type includes tasks that test mastery of grammatical norms (task 7), the ability to find means of connecting sentences in the text (task 24) and those used in the text language means expressiveness (task 25).

Part 2 contains one task (task 26) - based on the text read. In completing this task, the examinee must demonstrate the ability to analyze the content and issues of the text read, comment on the problem of the source text, determine the position of the author of the text, express and argue his own opinion, consistently and logically express thoughts, use a variety of grammatical forms and lexical richness of the language in speech, formulate statements in accordance with the spelling, punctuation, grammatical and speech norms of the modern Russian literary language.

The essay can be written by the examinee at any level of complexity (basic, advanced, high).

5. This year a new task No. 20 appeared. What does it check?

Task No. 20 will test your knowledge of the lexical norms of the Russian literary language. The assignment will be worth 1 point.

The task will be given in two versions:

  • as an exception, that is, it will be necessary to remove the extra word;
  • in the form of a replacement, that is, the word will need to be replaced.

Execution algorithm: first you need to find a semantic (semantic) contradiction in the sentence, isolate the error and complete the task, correcting this error.

6. What is the difficulty of completing task No. 7?

The task sounds like this: “Match the correspondence between grammatical errors and proposals in which they are admitted.”

There are three types, but only morphological and syntactic errors will need to be identified in the exam.

Morphological errors:

  • incorrect use of the case form of a noun with a preposition;
  • incorrect use of a numeral.

Syntax errors:

  • disruption of the connection between subject and predicate;
  • violation of the aspectual-temporal correlation of verb forms;
  • error in constructing a sentence with homogeneous members;
  • incorrect construction of sentences with participles;
  • violation in the construction of sentences with a participial phrase;
  • violation in the construction of a sentence with an inconsistent application;
  • incorrect construction of sentences with indirect speech;
  • error in constructing a complex sentence.

Before starting the task, the authors of the exam tasks advise you to carefully read all the sentences.

7. What is different about the essay in the Unified State Examination in the Russian language (task No. 26)?

To successfully write an essay based on the text you read, the developers advise adhering to the following plan:

  • formulate one of the problems posed by the author of the text;
  • write a commentary on this problem, including two illustrative examples from the text read, which are important for understanding and arguing the problem;
  • indicate the author's position;
  • express your personal attitude to what you read, supporting your opinion with two literary arguments.

But it is not necessary to strictly follow this plan. IN good essay Thoughtful composition is important. You can limit yourself to three basic parts: introduction, main part and conclusion. You can also include other parts with their own micro-themes in each.

Tips from the developers:

  • You need to think through the composition only after the problem raised by the author in the text has been identified. It is important not to confuse the topic and problem of the text.
  • It is advisable to use works from .
  • You can use modern and foreign literature as arguments.
  • You can rely on non-classical genres of literature (detective or thriller), but the chosen argument must be presented precisely as an argument.
  • Link to Feature Film is not literary argument, even if we are talking about a film adaptation.
  • Popular science articles and books can be used as a literary argument.

8. How does the difficulty level of a task affect the final score?

Among the tasks basic level difficulties, there are tasks with a low percentage of completion - you should pay special attention to them. These are tasks testing the spelling -Н- and -НН- in various parts of speech (task 14), punctuation marks in complex sentence with different types of communication (task 19), knowledge of functional and semantic types of speech (task 22).

9. What must be taken into account to get the maximum score?

IN general view all necessary advice and explanations are given in the instructions for performing the work before the CMM option. Therefore, you should carefully read the instructions for the option and the specific task. Following these tips will allow you to organize your exam work more efficiently. In addition to general instructions, each part of the work provides recommendations on how to write down the answer to tasks of one type or another. Before completing tasks, you should carefully read the instructions for each type of task.

10. How to fill out the exam form correctly?

Practice has shown that it is better to enter the answers first into the KIM, and then carefully transfer them to answer form No. 1 to the right of the number of the corresponding task, starting from the first cell, without spaces, commas and other additional characters. Answers to assignments are written without unnecessary additions (a term, concept, keyword or a combination of words from the text, etc.).

It is better to first write down the answer to task 26 on a draft, and then rewrite it on form No. 2. The essay should be written clearly, in legible handwriting. Entries in drafts are not taken into account when processing and checking work.

Video consultation on the Unified State Exam in Russian from the exam developers:

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No less than the Unified State Exam results themselves, participants in the Unified State Exam are interested in the dates of their announcement. Usually it takes 8-12 days. Let's take a closer look at how this time is spent.

After completing the exam, the Unified State Exam forms are sent to the Regional Information Processing Centers (RTC).

  • Processing the results mandatory Unified State Examination in Russian language and mathematics in RCIO should not exceed 6 calendar days after the test. During this time, specialists will scan the Unified State Exam forms, check the information entered in the forms, and subject commissions will evaluate the answers to tasks with a detailed answer.
  • Checking the Unified State Exam results in other subjects (physics, chemistry, biology, geography, literature, history, social studies, computer science and ICT, English language, German, French And Spanish) must be completed no later than 4 calendar days after the relevant examination.

After completing the verification of exam results in regional information processing centers, the work is sent for centralized verification. It ends no later than in 5 working days from the moment of receiving the work.

Then within 1 working day the results are approved at a meeting of the State Examination Commission (SEC) of the region. Over the next 1-3 days exam results become known to Unified State Examination participants.

Usually, the results of the Unified State Exam are announced 10-11 days after the exam.

So, let's do a couple of simple calculations. To the official date of the Unified State Exam 2018 we will add the number of days spent on processing and sending the Unified State Exam results to the regions. We get approximate dates for announcing the results of the Unified State Exam 2018 , held on the main dates:

  • Geography: no later than June 8
  • Computer Science and ICT: no later than June 8
  • Mathematics (basic level):no later than June 13
  • Mathematics ( profile level): no later than June 15
  • Story: no later than June 18
  • Chemistry: no later than June 18
  • Russian language: no later than June 20
  • Foreign language (oral part): no later than June 23
  • Social science: no later than June 24
  • Biology:no later than June 29
  • Foreign language: no later than June 29
  • Physics:no later than June 30
  • Literature: no later than June 30

Approximate dates for announcing the results of the Unified State Examination 2018, held in reserve days:

  • Computer Science and ICT, Geographyno later than July 3
  • Mathematics:no later than July 6
  • Russian language: no later than July 7
  • Foreign languages, biology,story,social studies, chemistry: no later than July 7
  • Literature, physical education:no later than July 8
  • Foreign languages ​​(oral part): no later than July 10

In regions with inaccessible and remote areas Unified State Exam results may be announced a little later. At the same time, the period for announcing the Unified State Examination results in Russian language and mathematics should not exceed 12 days after the exam, in selective subjects - 9 days. However, usually the results become known even earlier than these dates.

The Unified State Exam is called the final state certification, which, as a rule, is carried out according to general secondary education programs. The check is carried out officially in all educational institutions Russian Federation. This a written exam, which is taken in Russian, the only exception is the “Speaking” section for certification in foreign language. The Unified State Exam schedule is uniform throughout the country. The following categories are eligible to take part in the Unified State Exam:

  • school graduates, including those from previous years;
  • students who receive specialized education;
  • students of foreign educational institutions.

The Unified State Examination is carried out in the following subjects:

  1. Russian language.
  2. Mathematics.
  3. Social science.
  4. Chemistry.
  5. Physics.
  6. Biology.
  7. Story.
  8. Computer science.
  9. Geography.
  10. Literature.
  11. Foreign languages ​​(English, Spanish, French, German)

Russian language and mathematics are required for current year graduates. For everyone else, the choice of subjects depends on what specialty they want to choose for entering the university.

Who checks graduates’ work on the Unified State Exam?

During the exam, graduates score points for test and detailed answers. In all subjects, except for the basic level of mathematics, the Unified State Examination is assessed using a 100-point system. There is a generally accepted minimum score, which the graduate must score in order to pass the exam.

The tasks themselves are divided into three parts:

  • A (choose an answer from four options);
  • B (short monosyllabic answer, choosing one or more options from those proposed);
  • C (tasks requiring a detailed answer).

As for verification, the results of parts A and B are checked with absolutely no human intervention. Everything is mechanized, they are checked by a computer, scanning and automatically recognizing the correct answers. Therefore, mark as carefully as possible so that the machine does not accidentally count the correct answer as an error.

As for sector C, people are already checking it. For objectivity, two specialists are invited who work independently of each other. Since data is processed by people, there are several nuances:

  1. The points given by the experts coincided, then the resulting score is assigned for the task.
  2. The grades differ, but not radically; in this case, the average score is given.
  3. It is also possible that the scores differ significantly. In this case, a third expert comes to the rescue. The latter checks the work, but focuses only on those tasks in which the previous inspectors had different opinions.

After verification, the assessment forms are scanned and sent to Moscow to the portal of the Unified Testing Center of the Ministry of Education. There, the Unified State Exam results are processed and entered into a database, from where they go to the institutions where graduates took the exams.

It must be taken into account that the computer processing system is capable of making errors. For example, a word in Part B may be illegible, or your pen may be poorly written (the ink is too light). In this case, there is no need to worry. If you see that you clearly have not received enough points, you can file an appeal stating that you do not agree with the results. But keep in mind that the committee has the right to revise the results both upward and downward, and nothing can be changed, and your points in the system are tied to your passport data.

The Regional Information Processing Center is responsible for evaluating the exam results, so all complaints are sent there. Think twice before filing an appeal, and if you are not sure that the error is in the assessment, then it is better to just accept the results.

After processing at the Regional Center, the forms are sent to the Federal Testing Center, as indicated above. Here the options of the Unified State Exam participants are checked against the correct answers.

It is important to know that the exam results are current and valid for 4 years. And for those who doubt the correctness of checking the results, you need to know that an appeal can be filed within 2 working days.

After sending regional centers It takes about 5 working days for the results to be sent to the Federal Center to double-check all forms. But this is not the end. After this, one more working day is needed for the results to be approved by the State Examination Commission. The results will be published over the next 3 days. You can find out your scores either on the Internet on the assessment center portal, or in the place where you wrote the exam. If you live in remote regions, the results will most likely arrive with a delay, usually no more than 12 days.

Retaking the Unified State Exam

There is a possibility retake the Unified State Exam in two main disciplines: Russian language and mathematics. But you can re-write the exam only in one of the subjects in one year. That is, if you did not score enough points in both subjects, then the opportunity to retake it will only be next year. And those graduates who cancel the exam results by appeal also have the right to retake it only next year.

It may happen that the days for writing exams in two subjects fall on the same day. In this case, there is no need to panic, since there are reserve days for delivery.

Applicants who:

  • I was unable to show up for the test due to a valid reason. This could be some serious illness (confirmed by a certificate from a medical institution);
  • if the exam results were cancelled, but only if a mistake was made on the part of the organizers.

Remember that you can only write on exam forms with a black gel pen. This is necessary to ensure that there are no problems with scanning your work and to process it correctly. Try to write in calligraphy so that the scanner can accurately read all the letters. In the form with tasks, you can write as you want: it is not forbidden to make marks in the margins or make calculations. Points will not be deducted for this.

When you start writing part C, don't worry. Even if the topic is very difficult for you, try to write at least something. Since this part is checked by people, and not by mechanisms, it also matters human factor. The examiner can be either lenient or picky. You might get extra points for effort if it looks like you really put in the effort.

The processing system for the first two parts is improved every year. New programs, modern equipment, progress does not stand still. The only problem that remains is with the inspectors evaluating the third part. Unfortunately, you may come across a specialist who negligently approaches his duty as an USE examiner, not fully realizing that someone’s fate depends on his work. Time passes and after some time, most likely, everything will be mechanized.

If you follow all the rules for passing uniform state exams, prepare properly for them and approach this responsibly, then problems with passing and gaining a sufficient number of points should not arise. If you haven’t studied anything and haven’t prepared in any way, then it’s better not to criticize the system and try to challenge its rules; nothing will work anyway. The system was not created stupid people, who calculated and thought through everything.

In order for your work to be checked quickly and no controversial issues arise, do not forget about the color of the pen and tips regarding handwriting. If the tester cannot make out what is written, he will count the answer as incorrect. A large number of corrections will also not help, since the grade will be reduced for sloppy work.