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Masson V.M. Prospects for methodological developments in historical science: formations, civilizations, cultural heritage. ((ed.) notes of the eastern branch of the Russian archaeological society (zvorao) 18971203 ) Mikhail Evgenievich Masson

November 21 (December 3) (

, St. Petersburg - October 2, Tashkent) - Soviet, Uzbek archaeologist and orientalist historian. Honored Scientist of the UzSSR (). Academician of the Academy of Sciences of the Turkmen SSR ().
Biography Parents: father - Evgeny Ludvigovich Masson, was a descendant of a Russified French aristocrat who moved to Russia during the Jacobin Terror, topographer; mother - Antonina Nikolaevna Shpakovskaya. Mikhail Evgenievich Masson lived with his mother in Samarkand almost from his birth. He studied at the Samarkand men's gymnasium. In 1908–1909 took part in the excavations of the Ulugbek Observatory, which were led by archaeologist V.L. Vyatkin. On June 1, 1912, Vyatkin appointed Masson as head of the excavation site. In 1916, Masson graduated from the Samarkand gymnasium (with a gold medal). In 1916 he began studying to become an irrigation engineer. After being called to

military service he fought on the Southwestern Front, where in 1917 he was elected a member of the Council of Workers' and Soldiers' Deputies. In 1918, M.E. Masson returned to Samarkand. In Samarkand, M.E. Masson worked as the head of the Samarkand Regional Museum, the collection of which, thanks to his activities, was enriched with various exhibits. In 1924, he was transferred to Tashkent to work in the Turkestan (later Uzbek) Committee for Museums and the Protection of Monuments of Antiquity and Art as head of the archaeological department of the Main Central Asian Museum. At this time, he studied at the courses of the Turkestan Oriental Institute, and also conducted archaeological research during the restoration of ancient monuments in

From 1929 to 1936, Masson worked on the history of mining at the Geological Committee of Uzbekistan, where he created an extensive geological library. He combined this work with the management of the archaeological sector of the Uzbek Committee for Museums and the Protection of Antiquities and Art Monuments.

Since 1936, Mikhail Evgenievich Masson has been the head of the department of archeology at the Central Asian State University in Tashkent. Since 1940 - university professor.

Mikhail Evgenievich Masson died in Tashkent in 1986. He was buried at the Dombrabod cemetery in Tashkent.

Family

The first wife, Ksenia Ivanovna, committed suicide. Mikhail Evgenievich’s second wife, Galina Anatolyevna Pugachenkova, was a famous Soviet and Uzbek archaeologist, academician of the Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR, and a tireless researcher of Turkestan.

Awards

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Notes

Selected works

  • About the construction of the mausoleum of Khoja Ahmed Yassawi in Turkestan // Izv. Central Asian Geographical Society, vol. 19, Tash., 1929;
  • Regarding some coin finds registered on the territory of Kazakhstan before 1942 // Bulletin of the Academy of Sciences of the KazSSR, 1948.

Literature and links

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    • An excerpt characterizing Masson, Mikhail Evgenievich

    “However, brother, you are angry,” said the count. – Danila said nothing and only smiled shyly, a childishly meek and pleasant smile.

    The old count went home; Natasha and Petya promised to come right away. The hunt went on, as it was still early. In the middle of the day, the hounds were released into a ravine overgrown with young, dense forest. Nikolai, standing in the stubble, saw all his hunters.
    Opposite from Nikolai there were green fields and there stood his hunter, alone in a hole behind a prominent hazel bush. They had just brought in the hounds when Nikolai heard the rare rutting of a dog he knew, Volthorne; other dogs joined him, then falling silent, then starting to chase again. A minute later, a voice was heard from the island calling for a fox, and the whole flock, falling down, drove along the screwdriver, towards the greenery, away from Nikolai.
    He saw horse-dwellers in red hats galloping along the edges of an overgrown ravine, he even saw dogs, and every second he expected a fox to appear on the other side, in the greenery.
    The hunter standing in the hole moved and released the dogs, and Nikolai saw a red, low, strange fox, which, fluffing its pipe, hurriedly rushed through the greenery. The dogs began to sing to her. As they approached, the fox began to wag in circles between them, making these circles more and more often and circling its fluffy pipe (tail) around itself; and then someone’s white dog flew in, followed by a black one, and everything got mixed up, and the dogs became a star, with their butts apart, slightly hesitating. Two hunters galloped up to the dogs: one in a red hat, the other, a stranger, in a green caftan.
    "What it is? thought Nikolai. Where did this hunter come from? This is not my uncle’s.”
    The hunters fought off the fox and stood on foot for a long time, without rushing. Near them on chumburs stood horses with their saddles and dogs lay. The hunters waved their hands and did something with the fox. From there the sound of a horn was heard - the agreed signal of a fight.
    “It’s the Ilaginsky hunter who is rebelling with our Ivan,” said the eager Nikolai.
    Nikolai sent the groom to call his sister and Petya to him and walked at a walk to the place where the riders were collecting the hounds. Several hunters galloped to the scene of the fight.
    Nikolai got off his horse and stopped next to the hounds with Natasha and Petya riding up, waiting for information about how the matter would end. A fighting hunter with a fox in torokas rode out from behind the edge of the forest and approached the young master. He took off his hat from afar and tried to speak respectfully; but he was pale, out of breath, and his face was angry. One of his eyes was black, but he probably didn’t know it.
    -What did you have there? – Nikolai asked.
    - Of course, he will poison from under our hounds! And my mousey bitch caught it. Go and sue! Enough for the fox! I'll give him a ride as a fox. Here she is, in Toroki. Do you want this?...” said the hunter, pointing to the dagger and probably imagining that he was still talking to his enemy.
    Nikolai, without talking to the hunter, asked his sister and Petya to wait for him and went to the place where this hostile Ilaginskaya hunt was.
    The victorious hunter rode into the crowd of hunters and there, surrounded by sympathetic curious people, told his exploit.
    The fact was that Ilagin, with whom the Rostovs were in a quarrel and trial, was hunting in places that, according to custom, belonged to the Rostovs, and now, as if on purpose, he ordered to drive up to the island where the Rostovs were hunting, and allowed him to poison his hunter from under other people’s hounds.
    Nikolai never saw Ilagin, but as always in his judgments and feelings, not knowing the middle, according to rumors about the violence and willfulness of this landowner, he hated him with all his soul and considered him his worst enemy. He now rode towards him, embittered and agitated, tightly clutching the arapnik in his hand, in full readiness for the most decisive and dangerous actions against his enemy.
    As soon as he left the ledge of the forest, he saw a fat gentleman in a beaver cap on a beautiful black horse, accompanied by two stirrups, moving towards him.
    Instead of an enemy, Nikolai found in Ilagin a personable, courteous gentleman, who especially wanted to get to know the young count. Having approached Rostov, Ilagin lifted his beaver cap and said that he was very sorry for what happened; that he orders to punish the hunter who allowed himself to be poisoned by other people's dogs, asks the count to be acquainted and offers him his places for hunting.
    Natasha, afraid that her brother would do something terrible, rode not far behind him in excitement. Seeing that the enemies were bowing in a friendly manner, she drove up to them. Ilagin raised his beaver cap even higher in front of Natasha and, smiling pleasantly, said that the Countess represented Diana both by her passion for hunting and by her beauty, about which he had heard a lot.
    Ilagin, in order to make amends for the guilt of his hunter, urgently asked Rostov to go to his eel, which was a mile away, which he kept for himself and in which, according to him, there were hares. Nikolai agreed, and the hunt, having doubled in size, moved on.
    It was necessary to walk to the Ilaginsky eel through fields. The hunters straightened out. The gentlemen rode together. Uncle, Rostov, Ilagin secretly glanced at other people's dogs, trying so that others would not notice, and anxiously looked for rivals for their dogs among these dogs.
    Rostov was especially struck by her beauty by a small pure-dog, narrow, but with steel muscles, a thin muzzle and bulging black eyes, a red-spotted bitch in Ilagin’s pack. He had heard about the agility of the Ilagin dogs, and in this beautiful bitch he saw his Milka’s rival.
    In the middle of a sedate conversation about this year's harvest, which Ilagin started, Nikolai pointed out to him his red-spotted bitch.
    - This bitch is good! – he said in a casual tone. - Rezva?
    - This? Yes, this is a good dog, it catches,” Ilagin said in an indifferent voice about his red-spotted Erza, for which a year ago he gave his neighbor three families of servants. “So you, Count, don’t boast about threshing?” – he continued the conversation he had started. And considering it polite to repay the young count in kind, Ilagin examined his dogs and chose Milka, who caught his eye with her width.
    - This black-spotted one is good - okay! - he said.
    “Yes, nothing, he’s jumping,” answered Nikolai. “If only a seasoned hare ran into the field, I would show you what kind of dog this is!” he thought, and turning to the stirrup man said that he would give a ruble to anyone who suspected, that is, found a lying hare.

    Cultural genesis of the Ancient Central Asia.

    // St. Petersburg: Philol. Faculty of St. Petersburg State University; Publishing house of St. Petersburg State University. 2006. 384 p. (Asian)

    ISBN 5-8465-0104-4 (Philological Faculty of St. Petersburg State University) ISBN 5-288-04092-3 (Publishing House of St. Petersburg State University)

    Introduction.

    St. Petersburg School of Central Asian Archeology.

    Historical geography of Central Asia. Archaeological materials and cultural reconstructions. The contribution of scientists from St. Petersburg - Leningrad to the formation of Central Asian archeology as a scientific discipline. - 3

    Chapter 1.

    Paleolithic and Neolithic: the origins of cultural genesis.

    Monuments of the Lower Paleolithic era. Bifaces and choppers - Western and Eastern connections. The Mesolithic is the beginning of the widespread development of deserts and semi-deserts. The Neolithic era - the formation of two cultural and economic zones, settled farmers and pastoralists of the south (Dzheitun) and hunters, fishermen and gatherers of the north (Kelteminar). - 19

    Chapter 2.

    Early agricultural societies and their culture.

    Neolithic revolution and a qualitatively new era in the development of culture and society. Three periods of development of early agricultural societies in the southwest of Central Asia. Formation of large centers (Namazga-depe, Altyn-depe). The flourishing of artistic culture during the Late Chalcolithic period and the intensification of interregional connections (Kara-Depe, Geoksyur 1). - 42

    Chapter 3.

    Ancient civilizations of the Bronze Age: the foundation of subsequent evolution.

    Development of southern communities along the Mesopotamian path. Formation of proto-urban centers and urban lifestyle. Standardization of material culture. Organizational and managerial path of politogenesis: temple towns. Connections with the great civilizations of Hindustan and Mesopotamia. Relocation of centers of intensive development to the Murghab valley (Margiana) and the Middle Amu Darya (Bactria). Temple complexes and the question of priestly oligarchy. The first farmers and cattle breeders in Lower Zeravshan (Zaman-baba). - 61

    Chapter 4.

    Monuments of steppe bronze cultures: cultural genesis in the situation of interaction of two cultural worlds.

    The formation of societies with an elite of armed charioteers in the steppe zone of Eurasia. The advancement of these societies to the south into the Tien Shan (Arpa), into the lower reaches of the Amu Darya (Tazabagyab) and into the Zeravshan valley (Zardchakhalifa, Dashti-Kozy). The formation of syncretic cultures and complexes in Western Tajikistan (Vakhsh culture). Interaction with sedentary oases and the inclusion of steppe people in the urban population of southern civilizations. - 86

    Chapter 5.

    The Early Iron Age: Cultural Transformation. Median and Achaemenid times.

    The crisis of the southern civilizations of the Bronze Age and the change in the process of cultural genesis. Complexes of type Yaz I and the dominant of the military-aristocratic path of politogenesis. Counter assimilation in the traditional centers of urban cultures of the south. The second cycle of urbanization and the formation of new standards of material culture. Cultural transformation of the settling steppe people and the impact of southern standards and standards in Ancient Sogd. The formation of the urban culture of Ancient Khorezm. - 100

    Chapter 6.

    Monuments and culture of Parthia and Margiana.

    Old Nisa is the residence of the Elder Arsacids and Hellenistic components of the cultural complex of the Parthian elite. Fortified estates of rural nobility in Northern Parthia. Zoroastrianism in the mass folk tradition. Merv is an urban supercenter of the Ancient East. Margiano-Bactrian cultural connections. Monuments of nomads in Northern Parthia. - 131

    Chapter 7.

    Monuments and culture of Ancient Bactria.

    Greco-Bactrian outpost of Hellenized culture. Penetration of the Yuezhi, the beginning of the pre-Kushan cultural synthesis. Hellenistic impulses in popular culture. The Kushan state as an urban civilization. The spread of Buddhism as one of the reflections of progress in the intellectual sphere. Urban decline and cultural stagnation followed by disintegration. - 149

    Chapter 8.

    Monuments and culture of Ancient Sogd.

    The function of shelters in ancient fortified centers (Afrasiab, Yor-kurgan). Hellenistic impulses in ceramic complexes. Infiltration of nomadic groups and their entry into the urban environment. Penetration of cultural standards of the Zasyrdarya culture of Kaunchi. - 171

    Chapter 9

    Monuments and culture of Ancient Khorezm.

    The originality of culture of the 3rd-1st centuries. BC. and the desire to follow the Oriental heritage. Weakness of Hellenistic influences and connections with the nomadic world. Khorezmian standards of urban culture and the Toprak-kala palace complex. The beginning of cultural degradation in the IV-V centuries. AD - 182

    Chapter 10.

    Fergana and the Middle Syrdarya region: on the periphery of urban civilizations.

    The dual nature of the cultural complexes of Ancient Fergana. The impact of the standards of urban cultures of the south and the traditions of settling nomads. The Kaunchi complexes in the Middle Syr Darya as a reflection of such processes. Intensive development of Kaunchi culture standards in settled oases. Advancement of the carriers of the Kaunchin complexes in a southern direction. - 195

    Chapter 11.

    Monuments and cultures of early nomads: the second cycle of interaction between two cultural worlds.

    The transition to nomadism is, in terms of social and cultural consequences, an analogue of the urban revolution in the settled regions of the south. Nomadic empire as the highest form of politogenesis in a nomadic environment. Saki regional type of culture of early nomads. Monuments of the Saka circle in Semirechye, the Aral Sea region, the Tien Shan and the Pamirs. Monuments of the Kenkol type and East Asian connections of the nomadic world of Central Asia. Advancement of nomadic groups into Sogd and Bactria and adaptation of material culture to the standards of urban lifestyle. - 210

    Chapter 12.

    Monuments of the early medieval era and Sogdian civilization.

    Signs of stagnation and decline in the culture of Bactria and Khorezm. Spread of castle architecture. Kaunchinsky complex in Ancient Sogd and the formation of the Sogdian civilization of the early medieval era as the highest achievement of pre-Arab Central Asia. The artistic and intellectual wealth of urban culture. Penjikent is an exemplary monument of Sogdian civilization. - 233

    Chapter 13.

    Reflection of politogenesis and cultural genesis in the coin types of pre-Arab Central Asia.

    Monarchical principles in coin symbolism. Royal coinage of Parthia. Coinage and cultural assimilation in pre-Kushan Bactria. Imperial coinage of the Great Kushans. Coinage of Khorezm and political self-assertion. Coinage of Ancient Sogd and political mosaic. The role of local writing. Complete obliteration of Hellenistic traditions by the era early Middle Ages. - 258

    Chapter 14.

    Cultural standards of urban integration in the era of the developed Middle Ages.

    Development of urban life in the pre-Mongol period. Formation of new urban centers in Chach and Semirechye. Changes in ideological guidelines in some areas of urban life in connection with the establishment of the religious monopoly of Islam. Architectural appearance large urban centers with a focus on religious architecture as a reflection of integration processes in the Muslim East. Cultural upsurge in the Timurid era and the beginning of cultural stagnation. - 279

    Conclusion.

    Processes of cultural genesis and cultural heritage.

    Types of cultural development. Spontaneous and stimulated transformation. Cultural integration. Epochal, regional and local types of cultures. Rhythms of cultural genesis. Cultural heritage is the most important component in the study of the history of a people. - 292

    Tables [ 1-38 ]. - 303

    Literature. - 343

    Abbreviations. - 352

    Index of names of monuments and cultures. - 353

    Application.

    Outstanding scientists of St. Petersburg and the study of ancient cultures and civilizations of Central Asia and the Caucasus. - 360

    AB - Archaeological news. SPb.

    VDI - Bulletin of Ancient History. M.

    VORAO - Eastern Branch of the Russian Archaeological Society

    GAIMK - State Academy of History of Material Culture

    GPB - State Public Library. L.

    ZVORAO - Notes of the Eastern Branch of the Russian Archaeological Society. SPb.

    IIAE - Institute of History, Archeology and Ethnography

    IIMK - Institute of the History of Material Culture of the USSR Academy of Sciences (later the Russian Academy of Sciences)

    IMCU - History of the material culture of Uzbekistan. Tashkent; Samarkand

    (2010-02-19 ) (80 years old)

    Vadim Mikhailovich Masson(1929-2010) - Soviet and Russian scientist-archaeologist, Doctor of Historical Sciences, professor, leader (1982-1998).

    Scientific works

    Author and co-author of more than 32 monographs and 500 articles (published in Russia, Great Britain, Germany, Japan, Italy, etc.).

    Main works
    • Ancient agricultural culture of Margiana / USSR Academy of Sciences. IIMK. M.; L.: Publishing House of the USSR Academy of Sciences, 1959-216 pp.: ill. - (MIA. No. 73).
    • History of Afghanistan: In 2 volumes. Volume 1. From ancient times to the beginning of the 16th century. / USSR Academy of Sciences. INA. - M.: Nauka, 1964-464 pp.: ill., maps. - Bibliography: p. 383-406. (Together with V. A. Romodin)
    • Central Asia and the Ancient East. / USSR Academy of Sciences. LOIA. - L.: Science, 1964-467 pp.: ill., maps.
    • History of Afghanistan: In 2 volumes. Volume 2. Afghanistan in modern times / USSR Academy of Sciences. INA. - M.: Nauka, 1965-552 pp.: ill., maps. - Bibliography: p. 479-498.
    • Country of a thousand cities. - M.: Nauka, 1966.
    • Central Asia in the Age of Stone and Bronze / USSR Academy of Sciences IA. - M.; L.: Nauka, 1966-290 pp.: ill., map. (Together with M. P. Gryaznov, Yu. A. Zadneprovsky. A. M. Mandelstam, A. P. Okladnikov, I. N. Khlopin)
    • The emergence and development of agriculture / USSR Academy of Sciences. IA. - M.: Nauka, 1967-232 pp.: illus, maps. - Bibliography: p. 228-231. (Together with A.V. Kiryanov, I.T. Kruglikova).
    • Excavations at Altyn-Depe in 1969 / USSR Academy of Sciences. LOIA; Academy of Sciences of the Turkmen SSR. - Ashgabat: Ylym, 1970 - 24 p.: ill. - (YUTAKE Materials; Issue 3). - Res. English - Bibliography: p. 22.
    • Settlement of Dzheitun: (The problem of establishing a productive economy) / USSR Academy of Sciences. IA. - L.: Science, 1971-208 pp.: ill. - (MIA; No. 180)
    • Karakum: the dawn of civilization / USSR Academy of Sciences. - M.: Nauka, 1972-166 pp.: ill., maps. - (Ser. “From the history of world culture”). (Together with V. I. Sarianidi)
    • Central Asian terracotta of the Bronze Age: Experience of classification and interpretation / USSR Academy of Sciences. Department of History IV. - M.: Nauka, 1973-209 pp., 22 l. ill.: ill. - (Culture of the peoples of the East; Materials and research). - Bibliography: p. 196-202. (Together with V. I. Sarianidi)
    • Economy and social structure of ancient societies: (In the light of archaeological data) / USSR Academy of Sciences. IA.-L.: Nauka, 1976-192 pp.: ill.
    • Altyn-depe / Academy of Sciences of the Turkmen SSR. - L.: Science, 1981-176 pp., 2 p. ill.: ill. - (CHUTAKE; T. 18). - Res. English - Bibliography: p. 166-172.
    • Chalcolithic USSR / USSR Academy of Sciences. IA. - M.: Nauka, 1982-360 pp.: ill., map. - (Archaeology of the USSR. [Vol. 4]). - Bibliography: p. 334-347. (Together with N. Ya Merpert, R. M. Munchaev. E. K. Chernysh)
    • Old Nisa - the residence of the Parthian kings / USSR Academy of Sciences. IA; OOPIC Turkm. - L: Nauka, 1985 - 12 p.: ill.
    • First civilizations / USSR Academy of Sciences. LOIA. - L.: Science, 1989-276 with: ill., map. - Res. English - Bibliography: p. 259-271.
    • Historical reconstructions in archeology / Academy of Sciences of the Kyrgyz SSR. AI. - Frunze: Ilim, 1990 - 94 p.: ill., map. - Bibliography: p. 90-93.
    • Merv is the capital of Margiana. - Mary, 1991 - 73 p.
    • Antiquities of Sayanogorsk / RAS. IIMK. - St. Petersburg, 1994 - 23 p., 2 l. ill. - Res. English (Together with M. N. Pshenitsyna).
    • Bukhara in the history of Uzbekistan. - Bukhara, 1995 - 52 p. - Russian, Uzb. - (B-ka from the series “Bukhara and World Culture”).
    • Historical reconstructions in archeology: Ed. 2nd, add. / RAS. IIMK; SamarSPU. - Samara, 1996-101 p.: ill. - Bibliography: p. 98-101.
    • Paleolithic society of Eastern Europe: (Issues of paleoeconomics, cultural genesis and sociogenesis) / RAS. IIMK. - St. Petersburg, 1996 - 72 p.: ill. - (Archaeological research; Issue 35). - Bibliography: p. 64-68.
    • Institute of History of Material Culture: ( Short story institutions, scientific achievements) / RAS. IIMK. - St. Petersburg, 1997 - 40 pp.: 4 l. silt
    • Cultural genesis of ancient Central Asia. - St. Petersburg: Publishing house
    • Added by user 16.10.2012 15:25
    • Edited 10/18/2012 19:45

    New episode. T.I (XXVI). St. Petersburg: Petersburg Oriental Studies, 2002. - 549 p.
    ISBN 5-85803-235-9.
    This volume is a continuation of the most authoritative decline of Russian oriental studies, last volume which, under the number XXV, was published back in 1921. In the new series of this publication, organized with the aim of continuing the interrupted tradition of the previous ZVORAO, developments of Russian scientists and their colleagues from neighboring countries in the field of studying the antiquities of the East, including archeology, history, numismatics, philology, epigraphy and sphragistics, as well as cultural heritage.
    Articles and notes.
    O.F. Akimushkin (St. Petersburg). “Hasanat al-abrar” by Shaikh Muhammad-Murad Kashmiry - a rare hagiography late XVII V. Shaikhs of the Naqshbandiya-Mujaddidiyya brotherhood.
    N. Almeeva (St. Petersburg). “Cultural layers” of traditional musical consciousness (Islamic-Christian borderlands in the Middle Volga region and Tatar song folklore).
    A.A. Ambartsumyan (St. Petersburg). The ethnonym “khyaona” in the Avesta.
    Yu.A.Vinogradov (St. Petersburg). Saltovo-Mayatsky complexes of the settlement of Artyushchenko I on the Taman Peninsula.
    T. I. Vinogradova (St. Petersburg). Inscriptions and texts of Chinese folk paintings Nianhua.
    [Y.A. Zadneprovsky] (St. Petersburg). Controversial issues.
    studying red-engobed ceramics of Fergana.
    N.V. Ivochkina (St. Petersburg). Chinese copper coin as a model of the world.
    J.Ya.Ilyasov, R. Imamberdyev (Tashkent, Uzbekistan). New Arabic inscriptions on glazed Binket pottery.
    N.V. Kozyreva (St. Petersburg). Old Babylonian seals with the name of the god Amurru from the collection of the State Hermitage.
    A.I. Kolesnikov (St. Petersburg). Study of Central Iranian numismatics in the 19th century.
    [B. D. Kochnev] (Samarkand, Uzbekistan). Who was the winner of Buk-Budrach: from the history of the Karakhanids.
    B.A. Litvinsky (Moscow). Bactrians on the hunt.
    A.K. Nefedkin (St. Petersburg). Defense and siege among the reindeer Chukchi (second half of the 17th-18th centuries).
    V.P. Nikonorov (St. Petersburg). Military affairs of the European Huns in the light of data from the Greco-Latin written tradition.
    I.V. Pyankov (Veliky Novgorod). Galisons - Khalibs - Moskhs (On the issue of the Circumpontian caste of metallurgists at the end of the 2nd - 1st millennium BC).
    E.V. Rtveladze (Tashkent, Uzbekistan). On the periodization of the history of money circulation in Central Asian Mesopotamia in ancient times.
    N.F. Savvonidi (St. Petersburg). On the issue of the spread of Christian ideas in the Northern Black Sea region in Roman times.
    B. Sveitoslavsky (Lodz, Poland). Combat gases in the military affairs of the Tatar-Mongols.
    A. I. Torgoev (Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan). Rare bronze jug from the Chui Valley.
    S.A.Frantsuzov (St. Petersburg). The significance of the materials of the Soviet-Yemen Complex Expedition (SOYKE) for the study of South Arabia (epigraphical aspect).
    N.A. Khan (Kirov). Scientometric measurement of the personnel potential of archeology in Central Asia during the Soviet period.
    Yu.S. Khudyakov (Novosibirsk). Archaeological collections in museums of Northern China (Based on materials from the UNESCO Silk Road Expedition).
    P.V. Shuvalov (St. Petersburg). Enemies of the Empire (according to the treatise of Pseudo-Mauritius).
    A.Ya. Shchetenko (St. Petersburg). Cultural heritage of ancient Indian civilization (according to archaeological data).
    Outstanding Russian Orientalists.
    N.E. Vasilyeva (St. Petersburg). Viktor Romanovich Rosen is the founder of the Russian school of Oriental studies.
    N.A. Lazarevskaya (St. Petersburg). Researcher of Central Asia Nikolai Ivanovich Veselovsky (based on materials from the photo archive of the IHMC RAS).
    B.M.Masson (St. Petersburg). Joseph Abgarovich Orbeli and.
    archaeological science.
    V.A. Yakobson (St. Petersburg). Igor Mikhailovich Dyakonov is a historian.
    Scientific life.
    D. Abdulloev (St. Petersburg). International conference dedicated to the 1100th anniversary of the formation of the Samanid state.
    V.M. Masson, V.P. Nikonorov (St. Petersburg). International conference “Cultural Heritage of the East”.
    Scientific space of the CIS.
    A. Ashirov (Ashgabat, Turkmenistan). National Institute manuscripts of Turkmenistan named after. Turkmenbashi.
    G. Ismashzade (Baku, Azerbaijan). Khazar University - new higher education educational institution Azerbaijan.
    Personalia.
    L.M. Vseviov, V.P. Nikonorov (St. Petersburg). In memory of Tatyana Nikolaevna Zadneprovskaya (1926-2001).
    New books (reviews and annotations).
    K.M. Baipakov (Almaty, Kazakhstan). New books on the archeology of Kazakhstan.
    Yu.G. Kutimov (St. Petersburg). Series "Osh-3000 and cultural heritage peoples of Kyrgyzstan."
    V.M.Masson (St. Petersburg). Rec. on the book: Prospections archeologiques en Bactriane Orientale. Vol. 2: Lyonnet B. Ceramique peuplent du chalcholithque a la conquete arabe. Paris, 1997; Vol. 3: Gardin J.-C. Description des sites et notes de synthese. Paris, 1998.
    V.A. Meshkeris (St. Petersburg). Eastern musical archeology in the German two-volume edition “Studien zur Musikarchaologie”.
    B.Ya. Stavisky (Moscow). New books about ancient Central Asia.
    A.Ya. Shchetenko (St. Petersburg). Rec. on the book: Soviet archaeological literature: Bibliographic index. 1985—1987 / Compiled by: R.Sh. Levina, L. M. Vseviov. SPb. 1999 539.
    List of abbreviations.

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